优秀女子足球运动员间歇性恢复能力的评价研究

目的：：探讨运用限定级数YO-YO IR2测试以及心率恢复速率评价我国优秀女足运动员的间歇恢复能力。方法：运用测试法对2013年冬训期间的10名国家女足运动员进行YO-YO IR2测试、心率监控以及比赛监测,采集运动员测试跑动距离、心率特征以及比赛中高强度跑动距离,进行统计学分析。结论：女足运动员YO-YO IR2测试结果以及心率恢复速率与比赛中的高强度跑动能力具有紧密相关性,提示YO-YO IR2测试以及心率监控可以作为评价女足运动员间歇性恢复能力的有效方法。与传统的力竭性YO-YO IR2测试法相比,采用限定级数的YO-YO IR2测试后的心率恢复速率评价更易于女足运动员接受,在训练中具有更好的适用性。     

《军人体育锻炼标准》对解放军信息工程大学学生身体素质及机能状况影响的分析研究

通过对我校部分学生达军标的三年追踪测试,实验结果表明,开展达军标活动,促进我校学生的身体素质、机能状态的改善和提高.经过几年的实验研究,结合我校的实际情况研究和编制出<解放军信息工程大学学生达军标跟踪检测管理系统>,为今后学校或其它军事技术院校的达军标和体育活动的开展提供了理论和实践的参考.     

项目反应理论在运动心理测量领域的运用与发展

:IRT模式是否可以用来评价心理运动技能 ,许多学者已经对传统的“技能测量”模式提出了异议 ,在此基础上简述了测量理论的发展和 IRT模式的原理 ,分析了 IRT在运动中的有用性及弊端 ,探讨了 IRT在运动心理行为测量中的未来发展方向     

鲁迅作品反封建主题的内涵与现实意义

鲁迅作品的反封建不仅涉及外在的制度文化,更指向了人的内在心灵和思想意识。解读鲁迅作品,应从表层的制度文化转向深层的思想意识,从外部的批判转向内部的反省,从对社会的反叛转向对自我心灵的更新。鲁迅作品的反封建具有超越时代、超越政治的永恒魅力,不仅不会带来社会的动乱,反而会从更深层面促进社会的和谐稳定与健康发展。     

蚀变岩在三向应力状态下的力学及变形特性研究

实际工程中的岩体总是处于三向应力状态下,研究三向应力状态下岩体强度和变形特性,对于岩土工程的设计施工具有重要意义。此次研究以某水电站工程项目为依托,对水电站左右坝肩的蚀变岩做了大量的常规三轴压缩试验。在此基础上,经过分析处理,得出了蚀变岩的抗剪强度指标与围压的相关关系,建立了应力-应变关系曲线的分阶段本构模型。在蚀变岩的力学特性研究方面进行了有益的探索,为工程设计和稳定性分析提供了重要的技术支撑。     

壮族布岱人的"(弄下)桥"仪式及其文化意义和功能--以广西龙州县金龙镇横罗村其逐屯为例

布岱人是壮族众多支系中的一支,主要聚居在广西壮族自治区龙州县金龙镇。“（弄下）桥”是布岱人必须经历的一个十分重要的通过仪礼,它既是布岱人的“成年礼”,又是表明已婚妇女正式“落夫家”的仪式。它具有满足人们心理需要和社会控制、加强家族凝聚力等功能。     

Determination of peak cardiorespiratory fitness parameters in children: which averaging method should we use?

The purpose of this study was to identify which averaging methods most accurately measures peak cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) parameters [peak O₂ uptake (VO₂), peak O₂pulse and peak respiratory exchange ratio (RER)] in a sample of healthy children and adolescents. In this cross-sectional multicenter study, we recruited 278 healthy children aged 12–17 years. We compared the mean peak value of three CRF parameters using the recommended averaging methods (30-second block average) with alternative averaging methods such as moving averages or shorter smoothing periods. We also assessed averaging methods for accuracy by individually reviewing breath-by-breath scatter plots. The 30-second block average method resulted in a lower mean peak VO₂ and in an increased proportion of underestimated peak values. Using a 30-second moving average significantly increased mean peak values which increased accuracy. Similar results were found for peak RER and peak O₂pulse. In conclusion, the currently recommended averaging method (30-second block average) increased the risk of misinterpretation of peak CRF values in children. Using a moving average approach decreased misinterpretation and increased accuracy.     

Evaluation and application of an efficient plant DNA extraction protocol for laboratory and field testing

Nucleic acids in plant tissue lysates can be captured quickly by a cellulose filter paper and prepared for amplification after a quick purification.In this study,a published filter paper strip method was modified by sticking the filter paper on a polyvinyl chloride resin(PVC)sheet.This modified method is named EZ-D,for EASY DNA extraction.Compared with the original cetyl trimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)method,DNA extracted by EZ-D is more efficient in polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplification due to the more stable performance of the EZ-D stick.The EZ-D method is also faster,easier,and cheaper.PCR analyses showed that DNA extracted from several types of plant tissues by EZ-D was appropriate for specific identification of biological samples.A regular PCR reaction can detect the EZ-D-extracted DNA template at concentration as low as 0.1 ng/μL.Evaluation of the EZ-D showed that DNA extracts could be successfully amplified by PCR reaction for DNA fragments up to 3000 bp in length and up to 80%in GC content.EZ-D was successfully used for DNA extraction from a variety of plant species and plant tissues.Moreover,when EZ-D was combined with the loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)method,DNA identification of biological samples could be achieved without the need for specialized equipment.As an optimized DNA purification method,EZ-D shows great advantages in application and can be used widely in laboratories where equipment is limited and rapid results are required.     

跨年级小学生数学学力认知诊断测验的IRT垂直等值分析

本研究采用“共同题?锚测验”设计,使用R语言ltm程序包中的IRT两参数模型进行各年级小学生数学学力认知诊断测验和被试参数的估计,并使用equateIRT程序包进行跨年级小学生数学学力认知诊断测验各项参数的等值转换。结果表明,等值转换后各年级测验的题目难度和小学生数学学力均随年级增长而逐渐递增,不同学校、民族、性别学生的数学学力发展差异性特征均与理论假设相符。本研究验证了采用IRT垂直等值方法构建跨年级小学生数学学力发展水平垂直量表的可行性,为制定系统性补救教学方案和自适应题库建设提供了必要的实证证据。     

Prior knowledge in mathematics and study success in engineering: informational value of learner data collected from a web-based pre-course

The article describes the development and evaluation of a web-based pre-course in mathematics, delivered to four cohorts of engineering students at a German university. Based on demographic, personal, and learning-related data relationships between students’ preconditions, their learning gains in the pre-course, and study success in the degree programme were analysed. The results support the existing literature in that domain-related prior knowledge and secondary school achievement play a dominant role regarding study success in engineering. The analyses also showed that the influence of cognitive predictors could only be compensated for by a strong learner engagement. At-risk students with high pre-course learning gains showed significantly better first-year performance. The number of self-tests a student attempted was positively related to pre-course learning gains and even to first-year performance, suggesting that this variable is a good indicator of student engagement.