光学薄膜厚度实时在线监测系统的设计

为了实时监测光学薄膜的厚度,设计和制作了一款照明和采集干涉图谱为一体的石英光纤束探头,基于光学多道分析器、白色LED光源和计算机等设备组成,实现高精度监测薄膜厚度的测量系统.以薄膜等厚干涉原理为依据,分析了干涉相消波长测量薄膜厚度的原理与可行性.用汞灯标准谱线对光学多道分析器进行定标,通过自制的石英光纤束探头照明和采集干涉图谱,经光学多道分析器与计算机处理获得薄膜反射干涉相消光波长,计算得到光学薄膜厚度.测量系统通过对手机屏幕贴膜和不干胶薄膜样品的涂层厚度测试,可以监测纳米量级的薄膜厚度.     

Surface Investigation of Metal Threads and Solid Metals of Ottoman Textiles in the Topkapi Palace Museum

ABSTRACT

We analyzed 53 historical textile samples from a collection of caftans and brocades dating between the sixteenth and nineteenth century in the Topkapi Palace Museum (TPM) by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Data were collected on the type, dimensions, elemental composition, and level of corrosion. The technique is presented in this work as an efficient and micro-destructive tool for the characterization of the structure of historical metal threads. SEM-EDX analysis for different energies was performed on a selection of gold and silver threads belonging to the historical textiles. The results were interpreted via laboratory prepared samples of gilt Ag and sulfur reacted Ag at different thicknesses for Au and Ag₂S layers respectively. A series of Au–Ag alloys for different Au/Ag ratios were prepared for comparative analysis. The threads were made of metal strips wound around a silk core. Metal wires and flat strips were also used. The use of differential energies allowed for differentiating strips and wires made of homogeneous silver and gold alloys from the ones coated with a thin gold layer. Analysis of EDX data revealed that the Au film thickness was very thin (10–60?nm). Formation of Ag₂S layers over the thin Au film as thick as 1.5?µm was taking place. Formation of thinner Ag₂S layers over non-gilt Ag suggested different reaction mechanisms for gilt and non-gilt cases.     

RESEARCH ON THE MECHANISM OF ORGANIC MATTER DEGRADATION IN FLUIDIZED BED

Aiming at the defects in previous research and based on porous pelletmodel,the kinetics model of organic matter degradation in FBBR has been estab-lished.By means of synthesis phenolic wastewater treatment experiment,the reliabil-ity of the model is tested and the result shows that the precision is satistactory.De-pending on the model,the paper analyses in detail the mechanism of organic matterdegradation and the effect of biofilm thickness on reactor performance in FBBR.Theresearch result indicates that high efficiency of FBBR lies in high value of ηX and thebiofilm thickness is a significant factor affecting η,X and reactor performance.     

对评价大学生身体成分方法的研究

为研究在校大学生身体成分测量的最佳方法,采用皮褶法、生物电阻抗法(BAI)、身体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)和身高标准体重法,分别对随机抽取的220名大学生进行身体成分测试,并进行相关分析。结果发现:1.BAI、皮褶法、BMI和WHR可用来测量和评价大学生的身体成分,但其准确性依次是BAI>皮褶法>BMI>WHR;2.《标准》中身高标准体重不能客观有效地评价身体成分,故建议选用体脂百分比。     

Increase of Total Body Water With Decrease of Body Mass While Running 100 km Nonstop—Formation of Edema?

We investigated whether ultraendurance runners in a 100-km run suffer a decrease of body mass and whether this loss consists of fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, or total body water. Male ultrarunners were measured pre- and postrace to determine body mass, fat mass, and skeletal muscle mass by using the anthropometric method. In addition, bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to determine total body water, and urinary (urinary specific gravity) and hematological parameters (hematocrit and plasma sodium) were measured in order to determine hydration status. Body mass decreased by 1.6 kg (p < .01), fat mass by 0.4 kg (p < .01), and skeletal muscle mass by 0.7 kg (p < .01), whereas total body water increased by 0.8 L (p < .05). Hematocrit and plasma sodium decreased significantly (p < .01), whereas plasma urea and urinary specific gravity (USG) increased significantly (p < .01). The decrease of 2.2% body mass and a USG of 1.020 refer to a minimal dehydration. Our athletes seem to have been relatively overhydrated (increase in total body water and plasma sodium) and dehydrated (decrease in body mass and increase in USG) during the race, as evidenced by the increased total body water and the fact that plasma sodium and hematocrit were lower postrace than prerace. The change of body mass was associated with the change of total body water (p < .05), and we presume the development of     

绝缘修饰层及其厚度对喷墨打印OTFT的影响

通过在底栅顶接触的喷墨打印有机薄膜晶体管的SiO2表面采用原子层沉积方式制备薄层的Al2O3修饰层,并与未修饰前进行比较,发现有源层在ALD-Al2O3修饰后的SiO2表面接触角大大变小,且喷墨打印的有源层线条变粗。而随着ALD-Al2O3修饰层厚度的增加,SiO2表面粗糙度变大。通过测试其电学性能,发现ALD- Al2O3修饰层厚度为1 nm时,OTFT的性能最好,与未修饰前相比,其迁移率提高了近8倍,而开关比提高约4个数量级。     

对皮褶厚度推测青少年体脂率方法的比较研究

关于体脂率简易测量与评价方法的探讨是体质研究中的一个备受关注的问题。通过分析比较不同皮褶厚度推测公式在推测青少年体脂率方面的差异,以及公式推测值与双能量X线吸收法测量值之间的差异水平,探讨不同皮褶厚度推测公式的优劣,寻证用皮褶厚度测量反映体脂水平的可行性,尝试建立适用于中国青少年的皮褶厚度推测体脂率的推测公式,为体质评价的方法学研究提供理论借鉴。     

伊朗高锰钢辙叉的结构研究

伊朗辙叉的开发生产采用真空密封造型,由于其宽拉筋板结构和趾跟端三岔口结构不利于采用真空密封造型方法,辙叉在生产中产生了大量偏皮、掉砂缺陷和废品。对此,文章通过对伊朗辙叉的结构分析和真空密封造型工艺研究,提出了具体解决方法。     

双线梯形螺纹的测量方法及加工精度的保证

本文主要介绍了采用齿轮卡尺测量双线梯形螺纹中径法向齿厚的方法,同时也测量出螺距产生的误差。     

Japanese female Kendo practitioners are associated with high radial bone mineral density

Osteopenia is a condition in which bone mineral density (BMD) is lower than normal. Exercise increases BMD in both the young and adults. This study aimed to compare the radial apparent BMD (aBMD) in Japanese females who are Kendo practitioners (KPs) and those with no regular exercise habits (no-REH). The analysis participants consisted of 45 KPs (mean age: 49.4 years old) and 110 no-REH (mean age: 48.8 years old). Radial aBMD was measured using an ultrasonic bone densitometry system. Radial aBMD in KPs was 196.1 ± 33.9 mg/cm³, and was 182.9 ± 45.3 mg/cm³ in no-REH participants. KPs had significantly higher BMD than no-REH participants. In KPs, left radial aBMD was 196.1 ± 33.9 mg/cm³, and right radial aBMD was 184.5 ± 37.7 mg/cm³. The left radius was also significantly higher than the right radius with respect to aBMD in KPs. After adjusting for age, body mass index, menstrual status, parous women and frequency of milk and dairy intake, the odds ratio (OR) of osteopenia associated with no-REH was 6.58 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.72–25.1) and the prevalence ratio (PR) of osteopenia associated with no-REH was 4.12 (95% CI: 1.23–13.7). Therefore, the Kendo practice may have a protective efficacy for osteopenia in women.