Active recovery of the finger flexors enhances intermittent handgrip performance in rock climbers

This study aimed to (1) evaluate the effect of hand shaking during recovery phases of intermittent testing on the time–force characteristics of performance and muscle oxygenation, and (2) assess inter-individual variability in the time to achieve the target force during intermittent testing in rock climbers. Twenty-two participants undertook three finger flexor endurance tests at 60% of their maximal voluntary contraction until failure. Performances of a sustained contraction and two intermittent contractions, each with different recovery strategies, were analysed by time–force parameters and near-infrared spectroscopy. Recovery with shaking of the forearm beside the body led to a significantly greater intermittent test time (↑ 22%, P?P?P?相似文献   

Measurement precision of body composition variables in elite wheelchair athletes,using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of body composition measurements by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 12 elite male wheelchair basketball players (age 31 ± 7 years, BMI 21 ± 2 kg/m² and onset of disability 25 ± 9 years). Two whole body scans were performed on each participant in the supine position on the same day, using Lunar Prodigy Advance DXA (GE Lunar, Madison, WI, USA). Participants dismounted from the scanning table and were repositioned in-between the first and second scan. Whole body coefficient of variation (CV) values for bone mineral content (BMC), fat mass (FM) and soft tissue lean mass (LTM) were all <2.0%. With the exclusion of arm FM (CV = 7.8%), CV values ranged from 0.1 to 3.7% for all total body and segmental measurements of BMC, FM and LTM. The least significant change that can be attributed to the effect of treatment intervention in an individual is 1.0 kg, 1.1 kg, 0.12 kg for FM, LTM, and BMC, respectively. This information can be used to determine meaningful changes in body composition when assessed using the same methods longitudinally. Whilst there may be challenges in the correct positioning of an individual with disability that can introduce greater measurement error, DXA is a highly reproducible technique in the estimation of total and regional body composition of elite wheelchair basketball athletes.     

Talent identification and selection in elite youth football: An Australian context

We identified the perceptual–cognitive skills and player history variables that differentiate players selected or not selected into an elite youth football (i.e. soccer) programme in Australia. A sample of elite youth male football players (n?=?127) completed an adapted participation history questionnaire and video-based assessments of perceptual–cognitive skills. Following data collection, 22 of these players were offered a full-time scholarship for enrolment at an elite player residential programme. Participants selected for the scholarship programme recorded superior performance on the combined perceptual–cognitive skills tests compared to the non-selected group. There were no significant between group differences on the player history variables. Stepwise discriminant function analysis identified four predictor variables that resulted in the best categorization of selected and non-selected players (i.e. recent match-play performance, region, number of other sports participated, combined perceptual–cognitive performance). The effectiveness of the discriminant function is reflected by 93.7% of players being correctly classified, with the four variables accounting for 57.6% of the variance. Our discriminating model for selection may provide a greater understanding of the factors that influence elite youth talent selection and identification.     

Understanding the consequences of victory amongst sport spectators: The mediating role of BIRGing

Prior work on the relationships between team identification and spectators’ reactions to one's team victory has largely neglected the potential effects of mediating variables. In this research, we proposed that the process of Basking in Reflected Glory [BIRGing – the tendency to reduce the distance between oneself and one's team; Cialdini, R. B., Bordon, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S., &; Sloan, L. R. (1976). Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 366–375] would lead spectators to almost take ownership of victories and share its benefits, thereby impacting their sense of national belonging in a positive manner. To this end, participants (N?=?73) were asked to watch an edited video clip showing a victory of the French national rugby team playing against South Africa. As expected, results revealed that BIRGing mediated the relationship between team identification and one's sense of national belonging. In closing, a number of implications are discussed along with future research avenues pertaining to the sport spectatorship literature.     

对成人心血管机能健康评价的探讨

对德州市成人的心血管机能指标：心率、收缩压、舒张压、台阶指数进行分析与评价，结果为下等和差等、研究认为健康意识差、膳食结构不合理、运动习惯差、缺少体育文化氛围是造成现状的重要原因，针对群体状况提出“自我感觉练习法”和几项对策与建议，以指导健身练习。     

贵州师范大学新校区体育场馆设施建设的现状调查

体育场馆设施是保证体育教学、课外体育活动和课余训练、体育竞赛正常进行所必不可少的物质条件。本文运用文献资料、数理统计、对比分析等方法,对贵州师范大学新校区体育场馆设施的建设情况进行调查,结果发现贵州师范大学新校区体育场馆设施的建设在数量上与教育部《普通高等学校体育场馆设施、器材配备目录》的要求相差甚远,而且布局也不太合理,建议学校领导高度重视,加大对体育场馆设施建设的投入,合理布局体育场馆设施,满足学生课外体育锻炼和体育竞赛的需求。     

试论我国新农村建设中社区体育的发展

农村社区体育是我国全民健身的重要组成部分,关系着我国和谐社会的建设。新农村建设的发展又为农村体育开辟了广阔的空间,也提出了新的要求。树立系统协调的体育观念,积极扩大农村体育人口,建立和完善有地方特色的体育设施是当前形势下发展农村社区体育的必经之路。     

大众传媒对我国群众性排球运动普及推广的影响

通过应用访谈法、问卷调查法和文献法对大众传媒对我国群众性排球普及推广的影响进行调查，初步了解媒体对排球运动的宣传现状；提出媒体的宣传导向对群众性排球普及推广的帮助和支持：形成一个“大众传播——辅导员宣传指导——活动参与者”的一个“二级传播”结构。促使形成由“二级”扩张至“N级”的传播机制，达到宣传、普及群众性排球运动的目的。     

肇庆学院教工羽毛球爱好者运动损伤情况调查

对肇庆学院38名教工羽毛球爱好者进行了运动损伤情况的调查，共查出损伤66人（次），不同类型的损伤17种，损伤次数总计132次．多数伤者未采取有效的方法治疗，而仅依靠自然恢复，对此，应加强对运动者的指导，健全运动康复的手段，以达到科学健身的目的。     

蒙台梭利运动教育思想探析

文章采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,对蕴含蒙台梭利运动教育思想、蒙台梭利运动训练方法的资料进行了分析和整理,主要从蒙台梭利幼儿运动教育思想来源,蒙台梭利的幼儿运动教育思想,蒙台梭利的运动训练方法以及蒙台梭利运动教育思想与训练方法给我们的启示四个方面进行了阐述、归纳和总结,以期引起人们对深入思考、灵活运用蒙台梭利幼儿运动教育思想的重视。