我校实施"微格教学"模式培训青年教师的实践

本文对当今世界教育界一种培训教师课堂教学技能新型的优化模式"微格教学"的历史沿革做了介绍。对我校实施"微格教学"模式培训青年教师的实践进行了综述。对"微格教学"模式的若干特点进行了评价。指出微格教学模式是培训教师,尤其是青年教师的一种行之有效的方法。     

在游泳教学中对大学生进行社会化教育的思考

探讨了对现代大学生实施社会化教育的意义,在剖析人的社会化内涵的基础上,提出在游泳教学中,应注重从以下从增强学生体质的角度出发,从发展学生的非智力因素出发。从发展学生的智力因素的角度出发,以及从培养学生遵守社会规范的意识以及确立正确的社会角色的角度出发,加强对大学生进行社会化教育。具体培养策略包括:1)树立正确的教学指导思想,完全打破教学唯技能论,建立多重的教学目标;2)提高教师的教学、教育能力;3)改善教学内容、方法与组织,游泳教学内容要综合多样化;4)改变以往的单纯的评价体系,建立科学的评价体系。     

游泳对大鼠心肌碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)表达的影响

目的:碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)有强烈诱导血管生成和修复血管损伤的作用,故其在心肌中的表达程度可以作为判断运动对心脏侧枝血管生成影响的指标.以雄性SD大鼠为实验对象,通过施加中等强度的游泳训练,观察运动训练对SD大鼠心肌组织学结构和bFGF表达的影响,为运动医学与心脏康复的理论和实践提供依据;方法:将32只健康雄性SD大鼠按体重随机分为2组:对照组(C组);运动组(E组),每组均为16只.C组安静饲养,不进行运动训练,但需放入过膝浅水中以模拟训练组环境;E组大鼠每周训练6天,每天训练1次.从第1周开始适应性游泳训练,第一次游泳5min,此后逐日累加5min,至第3周末时每天游满2h.此后,从第4周起维持这一运动量直至第8周.第8周进行游泳训练后,即刻处死各组大鼠,取出心脏称湿重以做心脏系数统计,并切取左心室前壁组织块,做HE染色和bRGF免疫组织化学染色.用光学显微镜观察各组心肌及心肌间质的变化,并用图像采集分析系统观测各组HE染色和bFGF免疫组织化学染色变化,做统计学处理;实验结果:1)一般情况观察:心脏重量和心系数,E组较C组显著增加(P＜0.01);2)心肌组织学观察,HE染色显示C组心肌组织形态正常;而E组呈现生理性肥大变化,心脏毛细血管功能结构产生了良好的重构,心肌组织之间毛细血管的密度增加;3)bFGF免疫组织化学染色结果观察,C组呈弱阳性表达;E组呈较强的阳性表达;心肌细胞中bFGF表达呈特异性棕黄染色颗粒,以计算机显微图像采集分析系统计算bFGF染色面积,发现E组大于C组(P＜0.01);bFGF染色平均密度E组大于C组(P＜0.01);bFGF染色积分光密度,E组均大于C组(P＜0.01);结论:本实验观察到,适宜的耐力运动训练可以使心肌细胞、心肌血管内皮细胞等部位bFGF的表达增强,改善心肌细胞的分子生物学特性、心脏毛细血管功能结构产生了良好的重构,心肌组织之间毛细血管的密度增加,毛细血管腔表面积密度增高,毛细血管与心肌纤维的比例增大,使心脏产生适应性生理肥大,表明中等强度的运动可以使心脏发生生理性肥大,其机理可能与bFGF的表达增强有关.     

浅谈在政治课教学中如何培养创新人才

创新教育是以培养人的创新精神和创新能力为目的的.政治课作为基础教育的一门重要课程,它应如何体现创新教育,如何培养学生的创新意识和创新能力,以实现创新教育的目的,这是政治课教改的一个重要内容.     

“订单式”人才培养的启示——谈大学生就业现状

在高等教育大发展的新阶段,大学生毕业生就业的总体难度再不断加大。在这种情况下,如何积极引导大学生正确认识就业形势,转变就业观念,就成了当前一项十分重要的形势政策教育任务。本文通过“订单式”人才培养的启示,就如何加强校企合作,如何以多种形式和灵活方式实现就业,如何鼓励和提倡自谋职业,自主创业等问题进行阐述。     

在青少年游泳教学中实施美育的实验研究

以最受青少年欢迎的游泳项目为突破口,深入分析国内外体育美学相关研究,结合游泳项目美学特点,挖掘游泳教学过程中的审美特征,积极探讨青少年游泳教学与美育的结合模式。采用重复测试的实验设计,在青少年游泳教学中引入美育训练,以实证美育教学对学生审美能力及游泳技能的影响。结果表明,通过16周共32学时的青少年游泳美育教学,能够有效地提高学生的审美概念能力和审美感性水平,并有利于学生游泳技能及水中丰富活动的掌握。     

First-rib stress fracture in two adolescent swimmers: a case report

First-rib stress fractures have been described in adolescent athletes in various sports, with only one prior case report of first-rib stress fractures in an adolescent female swimmer. There is a need for research on the cause, management, and prevention of these injuries as they lead to significant morbidity and critical time away from sport for these aspiring athletes. We aimed to describe first-rib stress fractures as a potential cause for non-specific atraumatic chronic shoulder pain in adolescent swimmers and to discuss the different presentations, unique risk factors, treatment, and potential injury prevention strategies of such fractures. We discussed two such cases which were successfully treated with activity modification with restriction of all overhead activity, gradually progressive physical therapy and a return to swimming protocol. First-rib stress fractures can vary in presentation and should be in the differential diagnosis in adolescent swimmers with chronic shoulder pain. These injuries can be successfully managed with rest from overhead activities and physical therapy. Gradual return to competitive swimming can be achieved even with non-union of a first-rib stress fracture. Emphasis on balanced strength training in different muscle groups and proper swimming technique is essential to prevent these injuries.     

Perceived health problems in swimmers according to the chemical treatment of water in swimming pools

The objective of this study was to determine which chemical treatment used for disinfecting water in indoor swimming pools had the least impact on users' perceptions of health problems, and which generated the greatest satisfaction with the quality of the water. A survey on satisfaction and perceived health problems was given to 1001 users at 20 indoor swimming pools which used different water treatment methods [chlorine, bromine, ozone, ultraviolet lamps (UV) and salt electrolysis]. The findings suggest that there is a greater probability of perceived health problems, such as eye and skin irritation, respiratory problems and skin dryness, in swimming pools treated with chlorine than in swimming pools using other chemical treatment methods. Pools treated with bromine have similar, although slightly better, results. Other factors, such as age, gender, time of day of use (morning and afternoon) and type of user (competitive and recreational), can also affect the probability of suffering health problems. For all of the above, using combined treatment methods as ozone and UV, or salt electrolysis produces a lower probability of perceived health problems and greater satisfaction.     

论科学教师的在职培养与进修

本文结合国内外的研究成果,从培养思想、培养系列与层次、课程结构、课程模式、培养方式等五个方面论述培养科学教师的方法与策略,并对未来的发展和走向作了一些前瞻性的思考。     

职业院校学生学习兴趣的激发与培养

在当今高考扩招的形势下,职业教育受到冷遇,从而导致职业院校的学生普遍基础较差,要搞好职业教育,学习兴趣的激发与培养就显得尤为重要。职业院校教师如何运用先进教学理念,采用合理的教学手段,积极激发学生良好兴趣,提高授课效果,以达到预期的授课目的,就成为摆在我们面前的重要课题。就学习兴趣在个人成长中的作用,如何激发学生学习兴趣提出自己的几点看法。