竞争机制的建立是高校体育改革的突破口—从创新能力的培养谈起

从素质教育的实质是创新能力谈起,阐述了创新意识能力的培养,关键要建立一个竞争机制。通过分析高校体育的竞争体系,进一步论述了竞争机制的建立是真正衽素质教育,进行高校体育改革的突破口。     

21世纪体育教师基本素质构成要素的研究

采用文献资料法、专家调查法、问卷调查法,对２１世纪体育教师的基本素质进行研究,指出：思想政治道德素质是献身体育教育事业的思想基础;知识素质是体育教师取得劳动成果的先决条件;能力素质是体育教师开展教学活动必具备的条件,身体心理素质是体育教师培养全面发展人才的外在表现形式。     

实施健身教育教学效果的跟踪研究

在对一、二年级学生实施健身课程实验教学的基础上,又对高年级学生（不上体育课）的体育价值观念、参与健身活动的现状、体质健康水平进行了跟踪研究,旨在对健身课程的教学效果作进一步的验证。     

模糊数学及层次分析法在体育课评估中的应用及比较

本文根据体育课教学的特点 ,建立了对教学质量综合评估的指标体系 ,制订了体育课教学质量评定表 ,并利用模糊数学及层次分析的方法 ,建立了简单、可靠的综合评估计算方法 ,解决了课程指标的量化困难。     

独立学院开展电子设计竞赛的探索--以长江大学文理学院为例

大学生电子设计竞赛是教育部倡导的大学生学科竞赛之一,是面向大学生的群众性科技活动,在学生中有着较高的认知度。本文针对独立学院大学生的特点,探讨和研究出一些适合他们参加全国大学生电子设计大赛的培训方法,并对独立学院学生参加电子大赛的培训模式和独立院校电子设计大赛发展的方向进行了探讨。     

Agreement in Body Fat Estimates Between a Hand-Held Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer and Skinfold Thicknesses in African American and Caucasian Adolescents

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of active versus passive recovery on 6 repeated Wingate tests (30-s all-out cycling sprints on a Velotron ergometer). Method: Fifteen healthy participants aged 29 (SD = 8) years old (body mass index = 23 [3] kg/m²) participated in 3 sprint interval training sessions separated by 3 to 7 days between each session during a period of 1 month. The 1st visit was familiarization to 6 cycling sprints; the 2nd and 3rd visits involved a warm-up followed by 6 30-s cycling sprints. Each sprint was followed by 4 min of passive (resting still on the ergometer) or active recovery (pedaling at 1.1 W/kg). The same recovery was used within each visit, and recovery type was randomized between visits. Results: Active recovery resulted in a 0.6 W/kg lower peak power output in the second sprint (95% confidence interval [CI] [ ? 0.2, ? 0.8 W/kg], effect size = 0.50, p < .01) and a 0.4 W/kg greater average power output in the 5th and 6th sprints (95% CI [+0.2,+0.6 W/kg], effect size = 0.50, p < .01) compared with passive recovery. There was little difference between fatigue index, total work, or accumulated work between the 2 recovery conditions. Conclusions: Passive recovery is beneficial when only 2 sprints are completed, whereas active recovery better maintains average power output compared with passive recovery when several sprints are performed sequentially (partial eta squared between conditions for multiple sprints = .38).     

Motivation and Exercise Dependence

The objective of this study was to use self-determination theory to analyze the relationships of several motivational variables with exercise dependence. The study involved 531 exercisers, ranging in age from 16 to 60 years old, who responded to different questionnaires assessing perception of motivational climate, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, motivation types, and exercise dependence. The results of multiple mediation analysis revealed that ego-involving climate and perceived competence positively predicted exercise dependence in a directed and mediated manner through introjected and external regulation. Gender and age did not moderate the analyzed relationships. These results allow us to better understand the motivational process explaining exercise dependence, demonstrating the negative influence of the ego-involving climate in the context of exercise.     

The influence of in-game emotions on basketball performance

Abstract

This study examined the influence of emotions on performance in basketball. Six female basketball players were videotaped in six games. Frequency of performance behaviours was recorded minute-by-minute and indices of successful (SGI) and unsuccessful (UGI) game involvement derived for each player. Post-game, players reported the intensity of experienced emotions (anger, anxiety, embarrassment, excitement and happiness), and the time of the eliciting incident. The only emotion revealed as a significant predictor of SGI was happiness; both anger and embarrassment were significant predictors of increased UGI. Consideration of individual player analyses suggests that there is variation in the magnitude of the influence of emotions on performance and the extent to which this influence was helpful or harmful to performance. The study provides evidence that emotions are associated with changes in game behaviours in competition. Implications for further research examining the emotion–performance relationship are discussed.     

高校短跑运动员赛前心理训练的研究

短跑是一项高强度的竞技项目。往往百分之一秒之差就决定冠、亚军或决赛权,这对运动员的要求相当高,不但要具备良好的身体素质和技术、技能,而且还要具备良好的心理素质和心理承受能力。就影响高校短跑运动员赛前心理变化的诸因素进行剖析,并提出赛前特殊心理训练的解决方法,供大家参考。     

提高全面素质,做合格的体育教师

根据中等师范学校教师“双重”教育任务和体育本身特点,叙述了中等师范学校体育教师工作任务是多方面的,既要教书又要育人,使学生在德、智、体、美全面和谐的发展。作为体育教师必须不断提高政治思想素质、更新体育观念,知识要广博、技能要全面,才能称得上新时期合格的体育教师。