基于专项化视角的花球啦啦操训练内容构建与分析

采用专家访谈法、德尔菲法和层次分析法,从专项化视角分析花球啦啦操训练内容。通过对国内外啦啦操领域的专家进行四轮问卷调查,确定花球啦啦操训练内容体系包括舞蹈基础训练、身体能力训练、专项技术训练和综合能力训练4个一级指标,12个二级指标和34个三级指标;花球啦啦操训练特征归纳为舞蹈基础多元化、身体能力全面化、专项技术特征化、综合能力整体化。初级运动技术水平侧重柔性发展和花球技术执行,中级运动技术水平侧重有氧能力训练和团队表演训练,高级运动技术水平侧重专项技术训练的团队协作训练。     

Improving cognitive and physical function through 12-weeks of resistance training in older adults: Randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT

We performed a randomized, controlled trial to analyse the effects of resistance training (RT) on cognitive and physical function among older adults. Fifty participants (mean age 67 years, ~60% woman) were randomly assigned to an RT program or a control group. Participants allocated to RT performed three sets of 10-15RM in nine exercises, three times per week, for 12-weeks. Control group did not perform any exercise. Variables included cognitive (global and executive function) and physical function (gait, mobility and strength) outcomes. At completion of the intervention, RT was shown to have significantly mitigated the drop in selective attention and conflict resolution performance (Stroop test: -494.6; 95%CI: -883.1; ?106.1) and promoted a significant improvement in working memory (digit span forward: -0.6; 95%CI: ?1.0; ?0.1 and forward minus backward: -0.9; 95% CI: ?1.6; ?0.2) and verbal fluency (animal naming: +1.4, 95%CI 0.3, 2.5). No significant between-group differences were observed for other cognitive outcomes. Regarding physical function, at completion of the intervention, the RT group demonstrated improved fast-pace gait performance (?0.3; 95% CI: ?0.6; ?0.0) and 1-RM (+21.4 kg; 95%CI: 16.6; 26.2). No significant between-group differences were observed for other mobility-related outcomes. In conclusion, RT improves cognitive and physical function of older adults.     

竞技武术套路科学化训练现状研究

随着国家对武术发展的大力支持,近几年竞技武术赛事增多,对运动员提出了更高的要求。本文通过文献资料法、逻辑分析法、观察法等研究方法,从竞技武术套路训练现状的角度入手,分析了当今中国竞技武术套路训练现状,新规则对竞技武术套路及运动员的影响,并在此基础上提出了对策:加强竞技武术套路运动科学化训练,加强武术训练与科研的合作。     

浅析身体功能训练

本文运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法对身体功能训练的研究背景、现状及相关理论问题进行分析。目的:明确身体功能训练理论基础与应用基础,区分现代身体功能训练与传统体能以及力量训练的关系,结合我国实际情况展望未来身体功能训练的发展。结论:身体功能训练是一项新兴的训练方法,通过实际应用得出,身体功能训练不仅对伤病的损伤与预防有一定的作用,还对提升运动能力相比于传统体能训练方法更加的全面与科学。身体功能训练的研究、普及与发展,不仅仅有利于我国运动队综合成绩的提高,也符合我国全民健身计划。     

在军校引入TMF训练方法可行性的研究

抗阻力训练是军校体能训练常用的训练方法,而训练至肌肉失败(TMF)作为抗阻力训练中一种新兴的训练方法,已经在健身领域引起越来越广泛的关注,并已经逐步应用于专业运动员训练中。TMF在军校这类对体能要求较高的机构内具有广阔的应用前景,但现阶段TMF在军校还未得到推广,大部分军校仍然沿用过去的传统抗阻力训练模式。本文从介绍抗阻力训练与TMF的相关概念出发,分析了TMF的作用机制,提出了在军校训练中引入TMF的可行训练项目。为了进一步研究TMF对于军校学员体能训练效果的影响,本文选取成绩相近的部分学员进行分组对照实验,运用统计学方法处理实验结果,从而证明了TMF对于学员体能具有明显提升作用,最后对本次研究工作进行了总结和展望。     

高校篮球运动员专项体能特征分析研究

在篮球运动当中,专项体能培养是帮助运动员熟练掌握篮球技能并进行实战应用的重要条件。文章采用文献资料等,根据分析高校篮球运动员的专项体能的特征,提出了有效培养高校篮球运动员的专项体能训练的手段与办法,旨为进一步推进高校篮球专项体能训练的发展。     

高职体育教育对大学生精神素质的影响

高职体育教育改革首先要考虑学生精神层面的需要,要将正确的价值观、道德观、爱国主义、集体主义、意志品质及审美素养等交融于体育教育全过程,让学校体育教育在健体之美的同时,立人格之基。要做到这一点,需从理论上和实践上认识人的素质结构及相互关系和作用、体育教育对其结构的影响作用、体育教育对大学生精神素质培养的基本方法。     

国际级、国家级篮球裁判员后备人才培养模式研究--“基地式”篮球裁判员培养模式构建研究

运用文献资料、专家访谈、数理统计和逻辑分析等研究方法,对当前篮球裁判员培养方式进行分析研究。针对目前篮球裁判员培养中存在的各种问题,从培养基地的设立依据、目标设置、课程设置、教学设计等方面构建了"基地式"篮球裁判员培养模式。研究结果表明："基地式"篮球裁判员培养模式能充分发挥和利用高校体育院校的篮球裁判后备人才、师资力量、体育场馆设施等资源;采用理论与实践教学相结合的有效培养体系,培养过程科学、合理、系统、规范,培养效果显著,是当前中国篮球裁判员培养方式的有益补充和创新,具有实际可操作性和可行性。建议裁判员管理部门对基地进行培养经费投入,在基地积极组织和承办大型篮球赛事,为裁判员实践学习和临场锻炼提供平台,促进篮球裁判员培养工作持续、快速、有效的发展。     

足球运动员功能训练思考——基于近年来其他体能类项目突破的反思

实践证明,功能性动作的完善更适合体能类项目实战的需要。分析国内外部分体能类项目突破带来的启发,阐述功能训练理念以及理论基础,列举国内足球项目体能训练的若干误区,从理论上提出功能训练对足球运动员的改造以及足球运动的核心训练,以期引发对功能训练与足球运动结合的思考、讨论与实践。     

Efficacy of massage on muscle soreness,perceived recovery,physiological restoration and physical performance in male bodybuilders

It is believed that sport massage after intensive exercise might improve power and perceptual recovery in athletes. However, few studies have been done in this area. This study aimed to examine the effect of massage on the performance of bodybuilders. Thirty experienced male bodybuilders were randomly assigned to either a massage group (n = 15) or a control group (n = 15). Both groups performed five repetition sets at 75–77% of 1RM of knee extensor and flexor muscle groups. The massage group then received a 30-min massage after the exercise protocol while the control group maintained their normal passive recovery. Criteria under investigation included: plasma creatine kinase (CK) level, agility test, vertical jump test, isometric torque test, and perception of soreness. All variables were measured over 6 time periods: baseline, immediately after the DOMS inducing protocol, right after the massage, and 24, 48, and 72 h after the massage. Both groups showed significant (P < .001) decreases in jumping, agility performance, and isometric torque, but significant (P < .001) increases in CK and muscle soreness levels. The massage group in general demonstrated a better recovery rate. As such, a post-exercise massage session can improve the exercise performance and recovery rate in male bodybuilders after intensive exercise.