Using bio-orthogonally catalyzed lethality strategy to generate mitochondria-targeting anti-tumor metallodrugs in vitro and in vivo

Synthetic lethality was proposed nearly a century ago by geneticists and recently applied to develop precision anti-cancer therapies. To exploit the synthetic lethality concept in the design of chemical anti-cancer agents, we developed a bio-orthogonally catalyzed lethality (BCL) strategy to generate targeting anti-tumor metallodrugs both in vitro and in vivo. Metallodrug Ru-rhein was generated from two non-toxic species Ru-N₃ and rhein-alkyne via exclusive endogenous copper-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction without the need of an external copper catalyst. The non-toxic species Ru-arene complex Ru-N₃ and rhein-alkyne were designed to perform this strategy, and the mitochondrial targeting product Ru-rhein was generated in high yield (>83%) and showed high anti-tumor efficacy in vitro. This BCL strategy achieved a remarkable tumor suppression effect on the tumor-bearing mice models. It is interesting that the combination of metal-arene complexes with rhein via CuAAC reaction could transform two non-toxic species into a targeting anti-cancer metallodrug both in vitro and in vivo, while the product Ru-rhein was non-toxic towards normal cells. This is the first example that exclusive endogenous copper was used to generate metal-based anti-cancer drugs for cancer treatment. The anti-cancer mechanism of Ru-rhein was studied and autophagy was induced by increased reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage. The generality of this BCL strategy was also studied and it could be extended to other metal complexes such as Os-arene and Ir-arene complexes. Compared with the traditional methods for cancer treatment, this work presented a new approach to generating targeting metallodrugs in vivo via the BCL strategy from non-toxic species in metal-based chemotherapy.     

超声辅助下聚丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺高吸水性树脂的合成研究

借助超声波的分散、辅助引发作用,以丙烯酸(AA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体,以N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,以过硫酸钾(K2S2O8)为引发剂,无氮气保护下,采用超声波细胞粉碎法制备了聚丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺(P(AA-AM))高吸水性树脂。采用正交试验研究了树脂吸水性能最优的反应条件。通过单因素实验,重点考察了反应温度、引发剂用量、单体配比等对树脂吸水率的影响。用红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对树脂的结构与形貌进行表征。结果表明,在超声条件下,可在较短的反应时间内合成高吸水性树脂。最佳工艺条件是AA中和度为70%,T=50℃,n(AM)∶n(AA)=0.3,m(NMBA)∶m(AA+AM)=0.05%,m(K2S2O8)∶m(AA+AM)=0.2%,吸水倍率最高为398.172 g/g。三维网状结构的存在是树脂高吸水性的关键。     

大学生心理健康及高校图书馆开展阅读疗法的探讨

目前大学生心理健康问题成为社会关注的焦点,本文从分析大学生心理状况的基础上,探讨了在高校图书馆实行阅读疗法的可行性,并结合图书馆服务形式,提出了开展阅读疗法服务的具体方法。     

心理咨询与治疗中的正念训练

正念训练源于佛教。在西方,从上个世纪七十年代末开始,正念训练被应用于心理咨询与治疗和身心健康的多个领域。目前,已经有很多关于疗效的实证研究。本文对正念训练的历史与现状、心理机制、临床应用,以及主要技术作了简要的介绍。     

斯多亚哲学——值得重视的阅读疗法良药

注意到古罗马的晚期斯多亚哲学著作近年在中国的流行,文章认为其原因是斯多亚哲学本身和中国文化有相通性,更重要的是它具有伦理哲学、治疗性哲学、快乐哲学的特点,满足了2008年大灾大难后的中国对心理重建的需要.面对金融海啸,斯多亚哲学也是心理抗灾的良药.阅读疗法的研究者和实践者,应该对斯多亚哲学给予足够的关注.     

大学生阅读疗法效果差异性实验研究

研究结果显示：①大学生阅读疗法的干预效果会因为家庭背景的不同而存在差异;②对独生子女和非独生子女大学生的干预效果存在显著差异,独生子女大学生效果好于非独生子女大学生;③对城市和农村大学生产生干预效果存在显著差异,城市大学生效果好于农村大学生。     

俄罗斯阅读疗法研究概述

本文介绍了俄罗斯阅读疗法的起源;分析了俄罗斯阅读疗法的研究现状和俄罗斯图书馆界的阅读疗法实践;最后指出对我国的启示。     

拉伸和力量训练对改善游泳运动员肩部姿态的研究

游泳运动员肩部肌肉力量的不均衡可能导致游泳运动员的身体姿势不良,从而成为导致伤病的潜在原因。本研究采用实验法证明,文中采用的实验训练方案能够有效地减轻游泳肩关节前倾的的姿态,为广大教练员和运动员的训练提供训练依据。     

黑糯玉米芯黑色素提取设备的设计

以化工设备中的反应釜为基础,设计了一套能用于工业化的黑色素提取设备,并按照工艺要求设计了超声波设备作用装置,对黑糯玉米芯的色素进行超声波辅助提取,从而达到预期的提取效果.     

Prophylactic effect of hot pack on symptoms of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of the wrist extensors

Abstract

This study investigated whether hot pack treatment could provide prophylactic effects on muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise of the wrist extensors. Twenty-eight healthy men (age 21±1 years, weight 65±16 kg, height 171±6 cm) were randomly placed into hot pack (n = 14) and control (n = 14) groups. All participants performed an exercise consisting of 300 maximal eccentric contractions of the wrist extensors of the non-dominant arm using an isokinetic dynamometer. A hot pack was applied for 20 min to the wrist extensors of the exercised arm before the exercise for the hot pack group. The control group received no treatment before the exercise. Measured variables included pain intensity assessed by a visual analogue scale and a modified Likert's scale, cold thermal pain threshold, pressure pain threshold (PPT), range of motion in active wrist flexion (ROM-AF) and extension (ROM-AE), range of motion in passive wrist flexion (ROM-PF) and extension (ROM-PE), grip strength, and wrist extension strength. Changes in these variables before, immediately after, and 1 to 8 days following the exercise were compared between groups by a two-way repeated measures ANOVA. All outcome measures from both groups (except for the cold thermal pain threshold of the hot pack group) demonstrated a significant change within the first 2–3 days following exercise. Significant differences between groups were only found at a single point in time for PPT, ROM-PF, ROM-PE and ROM-AE, and the changes were smaller for the hot pack group in comparison to the control group. These results suggest that the prophylactic effects of hot pack treatment on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of the wrist extensors are limited.