Study on effect of segments erection tolerance and wedge-shaped segment on segment ring in shield tunnel

INTRODUCTION Shield tunnel method has become the most pre- ferred method in city tunnel construction because of its excellent attributes: little effect on surrounding environment, fast and safe construction, outstanding performance in earthquake resistance, etc. (Zhang et al., 2004). In different shield tunnels, the arrangement and number of segments are different, but the whole assembling process is generally the same. The as- sembling process begins with A2P, then A1P, A3P, BP, CP, …     

Simulation of Fragment Impact on Multi-Layer Targets Using Contact Method

Cased explosives generate highly energetic fragments as their casing breaks up. Due to the complexity of casing fragment related behavior such as embedment, perforation and ricochet, it may be insufficient to use equivalent triangular pressure loading in fragment impact simulations. This simplified method may over- or under-predict the target response. Recently, a procedure using contact techniques has been proposed to overcome such difficulties. It has been shown that the new method has the inherent capability in modeling the multi-piece and multi-hit fragment impact problems in a more realistic way. To investigate the applicability of the proposed method to simulations involving multi-layer penetration, the selected problems of fragment impact on multi-layer targets are described in this paper. It is demonstrated that this method is capable of predicting the complicated multi-layer structural response caused by fragment impact and penetration. Modeling procedures and some technical issues are also discussed.     

英语构词法中的新面孔:现代英语混生词

现代科技的发展大大丰富了英语语言,一大批简洁生动、新颖奇趣的英语混生词雨后春笋般地涌现种出来,并以极强的生命力不断发展壮大.因此,掌握和使用混生词及其构词法一般规律,很有现实意义.     

艺术设计中的形态要素与空间氛围的和谐美

点、线、面等基本元素在营造空间氛围中具有不可忽视的作用。从环境中寻找和发现造型元素来解决与环境统一问题的方法、对比的方法使空间更加完整是创作重要手段。有了这种形式的空间设计，才是一个完整的统一体。     

自适应有限元方法在凹角域椭圆问题上最佳误差估计

完整给出由‖·‖ L∞(Ω) 范数最佳误差估计推出的一种关于线性椭圆问题近似解的自适应有限元方法 .本方法对给定误差能自动剖分 ,且不需要关于精确解的先验信息 ,通过在凹角域详细分析此过程 ,证明该方法是有效的 .在实例中也得到了所期望的结果 .     

四阶障碍问题的混合有限元法

本文讨论了固支障碍问题的混合有限元逼近,证明了离散问题解的收敛性。     

ANSYS非线性有限元软件在桥梁结构分析中的应用

有限无法是分析复杂工程结构的一种非常有效的数值方法．本文通过叙述采用ANSYS进行钢箱梁结构分析的实施步骤，介绍了使用ANSYS非线性有限元软件进行桥梁结构分析的方法．     

感受生活愉悦设计——论海报设计中独特创意的产生

创意是设计的灵魂,更是海报设计的关键,而独特创意的产生有其思维轨迹可寻,这为设计者在生活中去积累设计元素,寻找创意火花提供一些方式方法。     

Modelling of URM Walls Retrofitted with Cable：A Comparison Between a Basic Mechanical Model and Distinct Element Method

The Australian love of ＂heritage＂ buildings （most of them are unreinforced masonry （URM） ） means that greater attention is required to secure their performance under seismic or impact loading in the future. A research project has been carried out to develop a new, economic and high strength retrofitting technique for masonry structures. A series of experimental testing on URM walls retrofitted with an innovative technique by cable system have been conducted. In this paper, an analytical model which is based on distinct element method（DEM） is developed to simulate the behaviour of retrofitted walls, in DEM, a solid is represented as an assembly of discrete blocks. Joints are modelled as interface between distinct bodies. It is a dynamic process and specially designed to model the behaviour of discontinuities. In order to assist the practising engineers to design this new retrofitted wall system, a simple mechanical model was also developed to predict the strength of the retrofitted walls. The results obtained from this simple mechanical model are compared with those from both experiments and distinct element model.     

关于R0代数的布尔元

研究了每一个元都是布尔元的R0代数，用等式刻划了其特征，证明了如下结果：R0代数M的每一个元都是布尔元的充要条件是M为布尔代数。并给出一个反例说明：R0代数的所有布尔元一般不能构成MP滤子。