中国高校战略经营的现实环境与路径

高校通过战略经营来实现跨越式发展是新时代高校发展的一种全新理念。但中国学术界对这种发展理念的本质内涵尚未形成统一的认识,这制约了战略经营理念在高校发展实践中的应用。并且,学者们对高校战略经营的必要性、可行性以及具体操作性的认识也欠透彻深入。为此,应从高校战略经营的本质内涵、战略经营的必要性、可能性以及具体操作性这三个方面来阐释中国高校战略经营问题,以推动中国学术界对中国高校战略经营的深入探讨。     

高职高专翻译教材建设的问题及对策探究

翻译教材作为翻译教学的主要信息载体,在整个教学过程中至关重要。翻译教材质量的优劣在很大程度上会影响到翻译教学的质量。高职高专翻译教学的特点决定了其教材建设也应具有自身鲜明的特点。文章探讨在职业教育的大背景下翻译教材建设存在的问题,据此提出了相应的建设性对策。     

The Pedagogy and Principles of Teaching Therapeutic Practice with Children and Young People

Technical approaches suggesting that systematically produced, generalized, and scientific knowledge are the most solid foundations for practice present significant challenges for the social work profession, in which the decisions faced often are not technical but rather moral, requiring the application of ethically based and intuitive skills. Meanwhile, the command, control, and measurement of outcomes in social work practice also present significant conundrums for the delivery of relational person-centered social work and social care. With a focus too often on efficiency rather than on effectiveness, this managerialistic approach frequently fails to acknowledge the complexity inherent in the act of caring. In this context and framework, teaching therapeutic practice with children draws a balance between traditional systematic teaching methods and use of creative media including art, play, and music. This article outlines the positive contribution to professional social work practice that the teaching of therapeutic approaches to child care can make.     

Science Learning: A path analysis of its links with reading comprehension,question-asking in class and science achievement

The purpose of this research was to build and test a conceptual model of the complex interrelationships between students' learning in science (learning approaches and self-regulation), their reading comprehension, question-asking in class and science achievement. These variables were measured by means of a test and a series of questionnaires administered to 604 ninth-grade students, and the data collected were analysed using a correlational, cross-sectional design. Results of a path analysis indicated that (a) students’ self-regulated and intentional knowledge-constructing activity (self-regulated strategy use, deep approach and knowledge-building) were what chiefly accounted for their question-asking in class; (b) question-asking (high and low levels) was related directly to reading comprehension and indirectly, through its contribution to the this, to academic achievement; (c) reading comprehension was directly and negatively associated with surface approach and indirectly and positively related to deep approach and knowledge-building; and (d) some of these variables, particularly reading comprehension, accounted for academic achievement in science. This model explained nearly 30% of the variance in academic achievement and provided a substantial and distinctive insight into the web of interrelationships among these variables. Implications for future research and science teaching and learning are discussed (e.g. the importance of supporting students' efforts to learn science in a meaningful, active and self-regulated way and of improving their reading comprehension).     

新型师生关系下的课堂提问方式探讨

将传统课堂提问方式与新课改后的课堂提问方式进行对比,我们发现传统的课堂提问方式过于单一,一般都是师生一问一答或者先点名后回答,而新教育模式则逐渐地把"读—写—听"的传统课堂提问方式转变为"读—写—思"的课堂模式,充分发挥教师的引导作用和学生的主体地位,建立师生的新型关系,把教师的教与学生的学融合起来,达到学思相结合的教学效果,为教育改革注入新的方式。     

Achievement goals and approaches to studying: evidence from adult learners in distance education

Achievement goals predict learning in children and young adults, but it is unclear whether they apply to older adults and how they are related to approaches to studying. An online survey examined achievement goals, approaches to studying and academic attainment in distance learners. The Achievement Goals Questionnaire-Revised and the Approaches to Learning and Studying Inventory were given to 2000 students, yielding 1211 responses. The findings confirmed the 2?×?2 model of mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals in adult distance learners. Mastery goals were positively associated with deep and strategic approaches to studying but negatively associated with a surface approach. Performance goals showed only weak associations with approaches to studying. Performance-approach goals were positively related to attainment, performance-avoidance goals were negatively related to attainment, but mastery goals were unrelated to attainment. The relationship between achievement goals and attainment was partly but not wholly mediated by approaches to studying.     

High school students’ approaches to learning physics with relationship to epistemic views on physics and conceptions of learning physics

Background and purpose : Knowing how students learn physics is a central goal of physics education. The major purpose of this study is to examine the strength of the predictive power of students’ epistemic views and conceptions of learning in terms of their approaches to learning in physics. Sample, design and method : A total of 279 Taiwanese high school students ranging from 15 to 18?years old participated in this study. Three questionnaires for assessing high school students’ epistemic views on physics, conceptions of learning physics and approaches to learning physics were developed. Step-wise regression was performed to examine the predictive power of epistemic views on physics and conceptions of learning physics in terms of their approaches to learning physics. Results and conclusion: The results indicated that, in general, compared to epistemic views on physics, conceptions of learning physics are more powerful in predicting students’ approaches to learning physics in light of the regression models. That is, students’ beliefs about learning, compared with their beliefs about knowledge, may be more associated with their learning approaches. Moreover, this study revealed that the higher-level conceptions of learning physics such as ‘Seeing in a new way’ were more likely to be positively correlated with the deep approaches to learning physics, whereas the lower-level conceptions such as ‘Testing’ were more likely to positively explain the surface approaches, as well as to negatively predict the deep approaches to learning physics.     

A ‘whole-school/community development’ approach to preventing and countering bullying: the Erris Anti-Bullying Initiative (2009–2011)

This paper describes how a ‘whole-school/community development’ anti-bullying programme was designed, implemented and evaluated in an initiative in Erris, Co. Mayo, Ireland, involving local primary and post-primary schools and community groups. Students from seven participating schools (five primary, two post-primary) completed modified versions of the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire both prior to and following programme implementation. Thereafter, there were reductions in students' reports of involvement in bully/victim problems and increases in their reports of feelings about bullying and countering bullying that were consistent with an anti-bullying ethos. The sizes of these effects were modest, in some cases perhaps due to the significantly low incidence of students' involvement in bully/victim problems prior to the programme. This model is in continued use in Erris, and in its further development it is intended to seek out opportunities to implement and evaluate it in other locations.     

思想政治教育坚持“以人为本”的实践路径

思想政治教育坚持"以人为本"的落脚点在于坚持原则内涵,拓展实践途径,从实践的过程和成效上去开辟思想政治教育的新领域。要坚持科学化教育、艺术化管理和人性化服务的内在统一,通过推动学科建设,体现"以人为本"的本质内涵要求;通过推进文化建设,体现"以人为本"的建设导向要求;通过创新教育方法,体现"以人为本"的方法应用要求;通过强化队伍建设,体现"以人为本"的组织保证要求。     

新形势下普通高校实施科研强校战略的途径选择研究

本文结合普通高校科研管理工作实践经验,对新形势下普通高校实施科研强校战略的途径、措施进行规划。通过高校科研管理体制上的改革与创新,优化工作方法,提升工作绩效,推动科研工作实现质变,实现为高校内涵建设和社会服务水平的提高奠定基础的目标。