从“国家意志”到“地方行动”:先秦射礼社会治理模式探析

以社会控制理论的方法探析先秦射礼的社会治理行为,认为:基于权威关系、核心利益以及情感号召基础上的强制、交换、动员等社会控制要素,在从大射仪到乡射礼的社会治理路径上存在着不同的分配与行使机制。"君与"的大射仪通过意识形态的施压、推行"知识体系"和树立"模范"标杆为强制手段,以"身份"和"资本"交换贵族的"中"与"忠",结合内在动机的激励式动员,达成了表彰"国家意志"的准集权式强制型治理形态;而"君不与"后的乡射礼则是立足政策规范,以"兴贤能"的号召、塑造"社会背景"以及引导自我操控等动员形式为举措,辅之以"禄仕"和"射义"作为民众"道德"与"君子"的回馈而实现的体现"地方行动"的分权式动员型治理风格。从"国家意志"到"地方行动",先秦射礼践行了一种准集权式的强制型与分权式的动员型治理共生共存的社会治理模式。     

批判与梦想——尼采《悲剧的诞生》与德国民族文化想象

在普法战争浓浓的炮声中,尼采构思着《悲剧的诞生》,展开他的现代性文化批判,构建着德国民族文化未来的梦想。在《悲剧的诞生》中尼采德国民族文化想象已初见端倪,对希腊悲剧及其神话的思考是尼采发现文化隐秘的开端,权力意志和永恒轮回成为尼采文化构建的重要思想。     

The political skill and will of expatriates in acculturating to the politics of an organization in a new culture

This paper explores and conceptualizes the process through which expatriates acculturate to the politics of an organization in a new and dominant culture that differs from their origin culture. In addition to an overview of acculturation, we review research on the emergence and perception of political context in organizations, and on political skill and political will. We posit that politically-relevant situational characteristics in organizations and work interact with national culture to affect the intensity with which expatriates perceive politics in their organization. Based on their political skill (operationalized as high versus low) and their political will (operationalized in terms of concern for self versus concern for others), we describe the different political behavior expatriates will use as a means of acculturating to their political context and the effects those strategies have on their acculturative stress and individual effectiveness in the organization.     

3-min all-out effort on cycle ergometer is valid to estimate the anaerobic capacity by measurement of blood lactate and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of a single 3-min all-out maximal effort to estimate anaerobic capacity (AC) through the lactate and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) response methods (AC_{[La^?]+EPOCfast}) on a cycle ergometer. Eleven physically active men (age?=?28.1?±?4.0?yrs, height?=?175.1?±?4.2?cm, body mass?=?74.8?±?11.9?kg and ?O_2max?=?40.7?±?7.3?mL?kg^?1?min^?1), participated in the study and performed: i) five submaximal efforts, ii) a supramaximal effort at 115% of intensity of ?O_2max, and iii) a 3-min all-out maximal effort. Anaerobic capacity was estimated using the supramaximal effort through conventional maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) and also through the sum of oxygen equivalents from the glycolytic (fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption) and phosphagen pathways (blood lactate accumulation) (AC_{[La^?]+EPOCfast}), while during the 3-min all-out maximal effort the anaerobic capacity was estimated using the AC_{[La^?]+EPOCfast} procedure. There were no significant differences between the three methods (p?>?0.05). Additionally, the anaerobic capacity estimated during the 3-min all-out effort was significantly correlated with the MAOD (r?=?0.74; p?=?0.009) and AC_{[La^?]+EPOCfast} methods (r?=?0.65; p?=?0.029). Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the 3-min all-out effort is valid to estimate anaerobic capacity in physically active men during a single cycle ergometer effort.     

理性和意志碰撞的体育动力论

在进一步研究体育的本质问题时发现：理性制约意志驱动体育动力来源发生着碰撞,理性不是唯一的,意志也不是唯一的,彼此之间超越一方达到极至,将产生一种失衡状态,客观地存在着控制与反控制的动力平衡点,这个过程被人类社会秩序完整地掌握和调控。表现在：体育意志试图超越理性的界碑,但总是被限制;理性试图超越意志的体育灵魂,也经受到有力的打击;当理性制约意志的体育动力时,也发生着因果关系的转换。     

体育艺术类课程文化建设的理论与实践研究

体育艺术类课程文化建设是学校体育教学改革中一个新的命题。在课程文化建设中,以课程与教学论为理论基础,突出“以人为本”的体育观,以提高学校体育课程质量为核心,加强课程文化的理论与实践研究。     

目标同向 合力育人——构建入党积极分子教育培养新机制

高校如何构建入党积极分子教育培养的新机制,努力为他们健康成长创造一个和谐、宽松的育人环境。本文从"目标同向,合力育人"的视角探讨了"以党校为阵地,强化教育,全员育人,扬起‘龙头’效应;以支部为抓手,深化教育,全程育人,发挥‘火炉’效应;以班级为平台,全方位育人,凸显‘载体’效应,进行了有益探索。"实践证明,它对加强和改进入党积极分子教育培养,理顺关系,分清职责,上下互动,促进育人功能到位,实现对入党积极分子科学化、制度化、规范化管理有一定的推动作用。     

论余华小说中的父子关系

余华小说中的父子关系从充满冷漠、仇视、暴力、死亡的怪异的父子关系,到善良坚强,关爱呵护血浓于水的舐犊情深。形态各异,变化万千,给读者带来了阅读上的革命,本文论述了余华作品中的种种父子关系。从这些关系中让我们更好地了解余华及余华的小说。     

孙武民本思想与当代战争的人心争夺

民本思想是《孙子兵法》重要的思想内核。孙子认为,人心是根本的战争力量,人心向背的关键取决于政权性质和战争性质,"令民与上同意"才能赢得战争胜利。这些思想在当今打赢战争、维护国家安全和发展利益方面具有重大的理论和现实价值。争夺民心成为当代战争较量的焦点,这就启示我们,要善于针对民众的特点,争取民心;要强化对人民的教育,加强与敌对势力对民心的争夺;人民军队要以人民为靠山,打胜仗。     

中国传统戏曲中母性形象的男权意志

在中国传统戏曲中存在大量反映母亲形象的剧目,值得注意的是这些女性除去具有自然母性的特点外,更具有附着在其身上的另一种色彩,即她们多站在男权话语立场上进行言说,自觉地维系以男权为中心的社会规范,恪守着传统的妇德礼教伦理纲常。