结构测定在研究协同萃取机理中的应用

结构测定是研究协同萃取机理的一方面。本文绫作者近年在该领域的研究，对协同萃取机理、结构测定的作用、金属离子和稀释剂的结构以及单萃取剂络合物的结构对协同萃取的影响等作一综合评述。     

稀土元素的溶剂萃取分离

本介绍了稀土元素的不同种类的萃取剂及分离性能。     

一种简易连续萃取装置的实验研究

研究了一种连续萃取装置,并用这种装置代替Soxhlet萃取器进行了提取实验.结果表明,使用这种装置具有操作简便;减少溶剂消耗,降低实验成本;适合少量物质的提取;更不容易损坏;提取效率高,缩短实验时间的优点     

从菜籽油脱臭馏出物中提取维生素E

用萃取的方法从菜籽油脱臭馏出物中提取维生素E，以异丙醇－苯甲醇混合液为萃取剂。测定了达到萃取平衡所需的时间，考察了温度、萃取剂配比对萃取效率的     

Excel在萃取塔传质单元数数据处理中的应用

Excel作为功能极强的电子表格软件,可应用于某些工程分析与计算.以化工实验中的萃取塔传质单元数为例,选择不同的等份数n,实现了图解积分法的Excel计算,允许精度范围内得到了计算量最小的n值及相应的萃取塔传质单元数.     

Shortcut Algorithm for Simulation of Batch Extractive Distillation

The batch extractive distillation (BED) process has the advantages of both batch and extractive distillation. It is one of the most promising means for the separation of azeotropic and close-boiling point systems. However, so far this process has not been applied in industry due to its over-complexity. A new shortcut model was proposed to simulate the operation of the batch extractive distillation operations. This algorithm is based on the assumption that the batch extractive distillation column can be considered as a continuous extractive distillation column with changing feed at any time. Namely, the whole batch process is simulated as a succession of a finite number of steady states of short duration, in which holdup is considered as constant mole. For each period of time the batch extractive distillation process is solved through the algorithm for continuous extractive distillation. Finally, the practical implementation of the shortcut model is discussed and data from the laboratory and literature are presented. It is found that this model has better adaptability, more satisfactory accuracy and less calculative load than previous rigorous model. Hence the algorithm for simulating BED is verified.     

炼油行业油泥分离工艺的实验研究

针对中石化九江分公司含油污泥的性状及成分结构,对含油污泥分别进行了溶剂热萃取、微波处理方法的实验研究,并对其最佳工艺条件进行了探讨,制定相应的工艺路线,比较两种工艺的优劣,得出微波处理油泥工艺具有发展优势的结论。     

废镍镉电池的再利用

从废镍-镉电池的碳酸铵-氨水浸取液中,利用硫酸铵-聚乙二醇2000-铬黑T双水体系萃取分离镍与镉,实验表明,在常温常压下,碳酸铵-氨水浸取液中不含铁,在pH=8.95的硫酸铵-氨水缓冲体系中,经过两级萃取就能实现镍、镉的定量分离,消除了镉对环境的污染.     

浊点萃取分光光度法测定大米中的铅含量

将浊点萃取与分光光度法联用,以Triton X-114非离子表面活性剂为萃取剂,研究了2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯酚(5-Br-PADAP)与铅离子的络合反应及各种影响条件,建立了浊点萃取分光光度法测定痕量铅的方法.实验结果表明:该络合物的最大吸收波长λ_(max)=570 nm,铅含量在0.17².67μg/m L范围内服从朗伯-比尔定律.其回归方程为A=0.1822C-0.0190,相关系数R=0.9970,相对标准偏差RSD=3.5%,加标回收率在95.1%2.67μg/m L范围内服从朗伯-比尔定律.其回归方程为A=0.1822C-0.0190,相关系数R=0.9970,相对标准偏差RSD=3.5%,加标回收率在95.1%¹04.5%之间.