安徽R&D投入产出水平的实证分析

在国内外的研究基础上,结合安徽特有的基本情况,建立了一套评价安徽省各市R&D投入产出综合水平指 标体系,运用主成分分析和聚类分析,客观的评价了安徽省各地市R&D投入产出水平。评价结果表明,“合芜蚌”试验 区引领带动着全省R&D投入产出水平,“皖江带”城市R&D投入产出水平两极分化严重,而“皖北”地区则有崛起的势 头,从而为各市提升R&D投入产出水平提供参考依据。     

智慧城市整体建模技术初探

为破解智慧城市分行业垂直构建信息系统带来的信息资源分散整合的难题,本文提出一个新的解决方案, 即运用“分层构建、横向整合、模型聚合、平行演进”的机制,模仿智慧生命体的层次架构对智慧城市进行层次化的建 模设计,使得在现实城市中纵向分布的信息资源,在信息系统的虚拟城市模型中得到横向的大整合,发掘出一项在云 计算和大数据的环境下,可对垂直构建的信息系统进行具有兼容性、诱导性和可演进性的整体架构设计的新技术     

An Examination and Validation of an Adapted Youth Experience Scale for University Sport

Limited tools assess positive development through university sport. Such a tool was validated in this investigation using two independent samples of Canadian university athletes. In Study 1, 605 athletes completed 99 survey items drawn from the Youth Experience Scale (YES 2.0), and separate a priori measurement models were evaluated (i.e., 99 items, YES 2.0, YES for Sport [YES-S]). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) results indicated issues with model fit. Post-hoc modifications improved fit, resulting in a 46-item, 9-factor model with five positive and four negative dimensions. In Study 2, 511 athletes completed the same items. The resultant model was confirmed using both CFA (comparative fit index [CFI] = .911, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = .056, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = .040) and ESEM (CFI = .956, SRMR = .023, RMSEA = .034). The resultant University Sport Experience Survey provides a reliable and factorially valid instrument for measuring development in university sport.     

真空退火对La0.7Ca0.3MnO3外延薄膜输运特性的影响

在温度300-600℃及2×10-4-1×10-3Torr的氧压下,对脉冲激光烧蚀生成的La0.7Ca0.3MnO3(LCMO)薄膜进行退火.无论是经原位或异位退火处理后的LCMO薄膜,其金属-半导体电阻-温度(R-T)特性曲线及转变温度均会发生明显的改变.薄膜氧含量对其输运特性有突出的影响.     

单片机测控系统中P3口的双重使用

MCS－51系列单片机的P3口是一个双功能口，具有特殊性。当T0口（P3．4）或T1口（P3．5）作为内部定时器使用时，其口线还可作为通用输入／输出口使用。章对单片机P3口的定时器／计时器口的双重使用方法，从原理上作了详细分析，并介绍了其在真空压强、测量仪中的实际应用。解决了单片机自身口资源有限的矛盾。     

基于实物期权的R＆D项目投资研究

本文将实物期权理论应用到R＆D项目投资领域，探讨了如何应用实物期权理论评估研究开发项目。由于R＆D项目属于高风险项目，因此本文对R＆D项目所具有的各种可能的风险因素进行了深入分析。鉴别了可能存在的实物期权。最后结合具体案例，讨论了如何分析、计算R＆D项目的实物期权价值。     

基于PCA的决策树优化算法

为了改善传统ID3算法在分类属性选择上存在多值偏向性的不足,提出基于PCA的决策树优化算法。在普通基于PCA 的决策树改进算法中,存在数据经降维处理后代表性不强的问题,导致算法需经过多次数据运行后,准确率才能小幅提升。在ID3算法基础上,在分类前两次提取属性特征值,并计算了需要分类的数据量,也即对原始数据进行最重要的属性选择。在子树建立之后,再进行数据的降维合并选择。采用UCI数据库中的3个数据集对改进算法进行验证,结果表明改进算法的平均准确率达到94.6%,相比传统ID3算法与普通PCA决策树优化算法分别提升了1.6%和0.6%。因此,基于PCA的决策树算法能在一定程度上提升结果准确率,具备一定的应用价值。     

Mathematical Modeling in the Primary School: Children's Construction of a Consumer Guide

This paper examines 6th grade children's local conceptual development and mathematization processes as they worked a comprehensive mathematical modeling problem (creating a consumer guide for deciding the best snack chip) over several class periods. The children and their teachers were participating in a 3-year longitudinal teaching experiment in which sequences of mathematical modeling problems were implemented from the 5th grade (10 years of age) though to the 7th grade. In contrast to traditional problem solving, mathematical modeling requires children to generate and develop their own mathematical ideas and processes, and to form systems of relationships that are generalizable and reusable. Reported here is a detailed analysis of the iterative cycles of development of one group of children as they worked the problem, followed by a summary of the mathematization processes displayed by all groups. Children's critical reflections on their models are also reported. The results show how children can independently develop constructs and processes through meaningful problem solving. Children's development included creating systems for operationally defining constructs; selecting, categorizing, and ranking factors; quantifying quantitative and qualitative data; and transforming quantities.     

CILT2000: Visualization and Modeling

CILT2000 helped VisMod evolve from a collection of local and distinct research and development efforts into a solid field of education. Previous intellectual efforts focused around a) modeling and simulation tools, b) visual explanation tools, c) visual data analysis tools, d) exploring student needs in the context of VisMod, and e) exploring instructional frameworks for VisMod. These focus areas have evolved in two main trajectories, representing the evolution of the field, the generalization trend, which seeks to identify general principles and guidelines for designing learning environments, and the equitable application trend, seeking to use knowledge gained in the field to leverage education in general.