宽带综合业务数字网(B-ISDN)

宽带综合业务数字网 (B -ISDN)是窄带综合业务数字网 (N -ISDN)发展的高级阶段。它的基本组成部分是一个采用异步转移模式 (ATM)交换的能实现固定比特率 (CBR)和可变比特率 (VBR)的端至端连接的通讯网。B -ISDN的通信服务除了能提供N -ISDN所提供的各种通信服务外 ,还能提供交换型服务和分配型服务 ,并有自己的服务特点。B -ISDN的智能化为它的应用与发展提供了广阔的前景。     

Thera—Band康复训练对标枪运动员肩袖损伤的疗效分析

目的：探讨Thera—Band康复训练对标枪运动员肩袖损伤康复效果．方法：对40例肩袖损伤患者分为卖验组（Thera—Band带康复训练）和对照组（一般康复训练）两种方案进行康复治疗;3个月后根据肩关节功能综合评分检验不同康复训练方案对肩袖损伤转归结果．结果：3个月康复训练实验组和对照组相比肩关节功能评分即表现出差别,实验组明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）．结论：康复训练实验前后肩关节主客观系统功能综合评分结果显示,在肩关节的功能和肩袖损伤的康复中,Thera—Band带康复训练优于一般康复训练．     

Binding of circulating autoantibodies in breast cancer to native and peroxynitrite-modified RNA

Peroxynitrite(ONOO) is a powerful oxidant and nitrosative agent and has in vivo existence.The half life of ONOO at physiological pH is less than 1 s.It can react with nucleic acids,proteins,lipoproteins,saccharides,cardiolipin,etc.,and can modify their native structures.Action of ONOO,synthesized in the authors’ laboratory by a rapid quenched flow process,on structural changes of commercially available RNA was studied by ultraviolet(UV),fluorescence,and agarose gel electrophoresis.Compared to native RNA,the ONOO-modified RNA showed hyperchromicity at 260 nm.Furthermore,the ethidium bromide(EtBr) assisted emission intensities of ONOO-modified RNA samples were found to be lower than the emission intensity of native RNA-EtBr complex.Agarose gel electrophoresis of ONOO-modified RNA showed a gradual decrease in band intensities compared to native RNA,an observation clearly due to the poor intercalation of EtBr with ONOO-modified RNA.Native and ONOO-modified RNA samples were used as an antigen to detect autoantibodies in sera of patients with clinically defined breast cancer.Both direct binding and inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) confirmed the prevalence of native and 0.8 mmol/L ONOO-modified RNA specific autoantibodies in breast cancer patients.Moreover,the progressive retardation in the mobility of immune complexes formed with native or 0.8 mmol/L ONOO-modified RNA and affinity purified immunoglobulin G(IgG) from sera of breast cancer patients supports the findings of the direct binding and inhibition ELISAs.The peroxynitrite treatment to RNA at a higher concentration appears to have damaged or destroyed the typical epitopes on RNA and thus there was a sharp decrease in autoantibodies binding to 1.4 mmol/L ONOO-modified RNA.It may be interpreted that cellular nitrosative stress can modify and confer immunogenicity on RNA molecules.Higher concentrations of nitrogen reactive species can be detrimental to RNA.However,the emergence of native as well as 0.8 mmol/L ONOO-modified RNA as a novel antigen/substrate for autoantibodies in breast cancer patients indicates that,in future,these molecules might find a place on the panel of antigens for early diagnosis of breast cancer.     

Is There a Normatively Distinctive Concept of Cheating in Sport (or anywhere else)?

This paper argues that for the purposes of any sort of serious discussion about immoral conduct in sport very little is illuminated by claiming that the conduct in question is cheating. In fact, describing some behavior as cheating is typically little more than expressing strong, but thoroughly vague and imprecise, moral disapproval or condemnation of another person or institution about a wide and ill-defined range of improper advantage-seeking behavior. Such expressions of disapproval fail to distinguish cheating from many other types of immoral conduct. The discussion shows that we should set the concept aside and assess the moral disapproval implied by claims of cheating by reference to the moral and other principles that underlie the practice of sport. This allows us to consider carefully the complexity of the issues that are raised when allegations of cheating are made and not be distracted by the emotionally loaded, conversation-stopping tendency of the concept. This means that some types of disputes in sport will be messy and demand more effort to resolve, but the payoff will be better informed and more thoughtful discussions and greater awareness of the moral complexity of sport and of its principled underpinnings.     

大学英语四级考试中篇章理解新题型的答题策略研究

从定性研究的角度入手,通过收集受试答题过程中有声思维的数据,分析了受试在大学英语四级考试篇章理解新题型中的答题策略,为新题型的测量能力提供进一步的效度验证的证据,也为语言教学及考试朝着更加合理的方向发展提供参考意见。     

关于高校大学英语教学的几点思考

本文面向时代要求思考高校大学英语教学,认为在新时期要坚持改革的正确方向,继续加强和改进大学英语教学,明确大学英语教学的使命和任务,构建大学英语课程体系,完善大学英语四、六级考试,打造高素质专业化大学英语教师队伍,努力提高教学质量,开创大学英语教学新局面。     

英语四、六级考试改革刍议

大学英语四、六级考试改革面临许多不易解决的难题,如统考与个性化大纲的矛盾;大规模主观命题考试的可实施性矛盾;考题要求逐年提高与学生英语总体水平下降的矛盾等等。四、六级考试改革要想有所作为,必须实施教考分离的形式。     

甚千ERDAS IMAGINE和SUFER的磁法等值线圈与遥感图象的复合

本文以江西上饶永平地区为例,利用自己整合的地面磁法数据在sufer中形成等值线图,然后把其经过处理转换成*.img格式,再利用ERDASIMAGINE对其与该地区的1:50,000遥感TM影象图进行复合处理,实现了磁法异常区与遥感影象的叠加,从而更直观的为地质工作服务。     

P2P流媒体系统概述

P2P技术的出现,使低成本的分布式服务成为可能。参与的用户既是服务的消费者,又是服务的提供者,这种特性尤其适合流媒体系统。P2P技术将集中的流媒体服务分散化,从而消除了传统系统的瓶颈,拓展了网络视频业务的应用范围。     

降低轴流风机噪声的两种方法

本文对轴流风机的噪声源进行了理论和实验分析,对降低风机噪声的方法进行了总结。在此基础上,研究了降低风机噪声的两种新方法——叶片不等距分布方法和叶片穿孔方法。理论分析和实验结果表明,这两种方法为降低轴流风机噪声提供了新的途径。