汉英"电话邀请"的跨文化比较研究

礼貌原则兵有普遍性。但不同文化的人们在遵循礼貌准则时又各有侧重。本文结转合电话会话的特点，对电话邀请这一言语行为进行汉英跨文化比较研究，从中归纳出汉英两种不同的邀请模式。对六个不同阶段——开端、身份确认、预约、邀请过程、邀请结果及结尾——的分析刖揭示了不同文化的人们在遵循礼貌准则时存在的异同。最后文章从文化和思堆方式的角度进行了进一步的挖掘，旨在帮助人们了解盖异，增强跨文化意识，尽可能地减少交际时产生的文化冲突，从而提高跨文化交际能力。     

施善昌与晚清义赈

施善昌是晚清最重要的慈善家之一。他领导全国性慈善救济活动长达十余年,付出了巨大的心力。其办理义赈,既继承传统又充分调动一切有利因素,取得了良好的效果。其晚年鼎力支持的西方红十字医院,开启了中国近代慈善公益事业发展的新方向。     

交互式跨语言信息检索中用户行为研究

交互式跨语言信息检索是信息检索的一个重要分支。在分析交互式跨语言信息检索过程、评价指标、用户行为进展等理论研究基础上,设计一个让用户参与跨语言信息检索全过程的用户检索实验。实验结果表明:用户检索词主要来自检索主题的标题;用户判断文档相关性的准确率较高;目标语言文档全文、译文摘要、译文全文都是用户认可的判断依据;翻译优化方法以及翻译优化与查询扩展的结合方法在用户交互环境下非常有效;用户对于反馈后的翻译仍然愿意做进一步选择;用户对于与跨语言信息检索系统进行交互是有需求并认可的。用户行为分析有助于指导交互式跨语言信息检索系统的设计与实践。     

The relationship between perceived instructor communicator style,argumentativeness, and verbal aggressiveness

The purpose of this study was to examine the interrelationships among perceived instructor communicator style, perceived instructor trait argumentativeness, and perceived instructor trait verbal aggressiveness in the college classroom. Participants were 236 undergraduate students enrolled in a variety of communication courses at a large Eastern university. Results indicated that (a) perceived instructor trait argumentativeness was positively related to the perceived instructor communicator style attributes of impression leaving, contentious, open, dramatic, dominant, precise, relaxed, attentive, and animated; (b) perceived instructor trait verbal aggressiveness was positively related to the perceived instructor communicator style attributes of contentious and precise, and negatively related to the perceived communicator style attributes of impression leaving, relaxed, friendly, attentive, and animated; and (c) perceived instructor use of verbally aggressive messages was related in some way to the perceived instructor communicator style attributes of contentious, impression leaving, friendly, attentive, animated, relaxed, dramatic, and precise.     

Moving Bodies: Kenneth Burke at the Edges of Language

In 1923 the emerging Chinese advocates for the development of science successfully launched a war against the so‐called “metaphysical ghosts,” who believed that science was inadequate to address the fundamental questions of human life. An important and far‐reaching spiritual effect of this “holy war” was to give rise to an attitude of religious zealotry toward the worship of science in China, a nation that had not yet experienced the baptism of science in the early twentieth century. This essay explores one profound source of this spiritual appeal by examining the campaign for science in the context of the Chinese tradition of Dao‐discourse and by viewing this campaign as an estimable effort to maintain this sacred form of discourse. This approach has implications for an ignored study of the rhetoric of scientific popularization in a cross‐cultural context.     

A test of anxiety/uncertainty management theory: The intercultural adaptation context

Anxiety/Uncertainty Management theory, as formulated by Gudykunst and Hammer (1987a), proposes that intercultural adaptation outcomes are based on the two mediating dimensions of uncertainty reduction and anxiety reduction and sixteen secondary variables that systematically influence uncertainty and anxiety reduction. In this paper, the sixteen variables originally identified are categorized into four “fundamental factors”; (interpersonal saliencies, intergroup saliencies, communication message exchange, and host contact conditions). The present study examines this revised Anxiety/Uncertainty Management (AUM) theory of intercultural adaptation. A total of 291 international students at two universities in the United States participated in the study. The study found overall fit of the revised AUM theory vis‐a‐vis the two mediating factors of uncertainty and anxiety reduction, the importance of interpersonal saliencies for uncertainty reduction, and the importance of host contact conditions for facilitating feelings of comfort and reducing anxiety. Intergroup saliencies were significantly related to uncertainty reduction but not, contrary to expectation, to anxiety reduction. Communication message exchange (which consists of information gathering strategies and second language proficiency) was, again contrary to expectation, not significantly related to either uncertainty or anxiety reduction. Finally, cultural identity showed a small though significant negative relationship to intergroup saliencies, suggesting a stronger, ingroup identity was associated with increased uncertainty. The paper concludes by proffering explanations for the findings and suggestions for future research.     

对于测线调查样本的生物分布密度推定的几种方法的比较研究

用几种不同的密度推定法,对测线调查样本进行密度推定。使用的最佳带幅宽有的依赖于探知函数,有的不依赖探知函数,还用到经典的最大似然估计法。把5种密度推定法用于计算机模拟产生测线调查的距离数据,由统计量RRMSE和RB对推定值进行评价,来验证其优劣。     

论耶稣复活的生命含义

耶稣复活是基督信仰者盼望的一个事实,它体现出人类对生命本意的不懈追求,反映出人类对夙愿实现的期盼。基督在十字架上的复活又将生命存活的含义引向更为广阔的精神世界。     

企业员工交叉培训研究

企业交叉培训是在员工熟悉并能胜任自己所在岗位的基本工作基础上,有组织有计划地对员工进行其他相关工作岗位内容的培训。交叉培训通过增加企业员工的职务间知识这一作用机制,不仅对企业的发展产生重要的作用,对员工职业生涯发展也起到极大的促进作用。企业员工交叉培训的步骤与流程一般包括准备阶段、实施阶段以及评估阶段。