MicroRNA在乳腺癌发展过程中的作用机制及临床应用分析

概搜集已报道的在乳腺癌发生发展过程中有重要作用的microRNA信息,结合相关肿瘤模型的实验数据,评估microRNA在乳腺癌诊断和治疗方面的应用前景。以“癌基因”和“癌抑制基因”为分类依据,全面地总结归纳乳腺癌相关microRNA的功能和作用机制,进一步从临床诊断标记物和治疗靶点的层面分析microRNA的潜在临床应用价值。表1和2总结了microRNA参与乳腺癌发展过程的具体事件及其调控的靶基因。同时,本文还深入探讨microRNA作为临床诊断标记物及治疗靶点的可行性,揭示已有研究的不足之处,为今后的相关工作方向提供一些建议。     

腰椎间盘突出症诊断刍议

腰椎间盘突出症是日常生活中、生产劳动中和体育运动中的常见病、多发病。若误诊、漏诊将会造成严重后果,尤其是对运动员,可影响运动成绩、缩短运动生命。本文对腰椎间盘突出症的10余种临床及辅助诊断进行了综述,作为运动医学工作者应在充分掌握和运用临床症状和体征的基础上,结合辅助诊断以提高诊断的正确率。     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的油罐故障诊断方法

根据油罐故障分析,建立了油罐故障诊断模型。采用新型的支持向量机-最小二乘向量机(LS-SVM)的算法对此诊断模型进行预测,获得了满意的效果。该方法易于使用,很少受不确定性因素的影响,有很高的预测准确性。     

网络故障的处理

首先介绍了网络和路由器的基本知识,在此基础上,进一步阐述了网络故障的诊断技术和网络故障的分层诊断技术,以及路由器接口故障的排除方法。     

高职数控机床故障诊断与维修课程建设初探

指出数控机床故障诊断与维修课程的建设思路,制订课程标准,归纳和总结课程教材建设、资源库建设和实施方案。并且通过具体项目案例,阐述该课程在项目化教学方法等方面的改革与实践。     

间接血凝试验(IHA)检测肝片形吸虫病的研究

以肝片形吸虫成虫虫体制备的纯化抗原为诊断液,采用间接血凝试验(IHA)检测了40只山羊和160头牛血清,并与粪便检查法作平行试验。结果显示肝片形吸虫阳性检出率,IHA法为12.00%,粪便检查法为9.00%。与粪检结果相比,总的血清阳性符合率为62.50%,其中牛为57.14%,山羊为100.00%;总的血清阴性符合率为98.29%,其中牛为97.85%,山羊为100.00%。结论:IHA适合于大规模的血清流行病学调查,可以快速的筛选出大量的阴性样品。     

Diagnosis and treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) commonly occurs in tall, thin, adolescent men. Though the pathogenesis of PSP has been gradually uncovered, there is still a lack of consensus in the diagnostic approach and treatment strategies for this disorder. Herein, the literature is reviewed concerning mechanisms and personal clinical experience with PSP. The chest computed tomography (CT) has been more commonly used than before to help understand the pathogenesis of PSP and plan further management strategies. The development of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has changed the profiles of management strategies of PSP due to its minimal invasiveness and high effectiveness for patients with these diseases.     

Liquid-based cytology aids in primary fallopian tube cancer diagnosis

Primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) is a rare malignant carcinoma among all genital tract malignancies. It occurs most commonly in postmenopausal women and is similar to ovarian malignancy historically and clinically. Because of its insidious onset and silent course, the diagnosis is made usually postoperatively. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is a type of method for cervical cancer screening, but sometimes it may aid in making PFTC diagnosis. We report a 47-year-old woman with PFTC, whose diagnosis was made with the aid of LBC.      

Estrogen receptor expression in adrenocortical carcinoma

Objective: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare but highly malignant tumor, and its diagnosis is mostly delayed and prognosis is poor. We report estrogen receptor (ER) expression in this tumor and our clinical experiences with 17 ACC cases. Methods: The data of the 17 patients (9 females and 8 males, age range from 16 to 69 years, mean age of 42.6 years) with ACC were reviewed, and symptoms, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and results of follow-up were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ER expression in tumor samples from the 17 patients. Results: At the time of diagnosis, 4 tumors were classified as Stage Ⅰ, 4 as Stage Ⅱ, 3 as Stage Ⅲ, and 6 as Stage Ⅳ. Eight patients demonstrated positive nuclear immunostaining of ER. The prognosis of patients with ER positive was significantly better (P<0.05) than that of patients with ER negative, with 1- and 5-year survival rates at 86% and 60% for ER-positive patients, and 38% and 0% for ER-negative patients, respectively. Conclusion: ER-positivity may be one of the factors associated with a worse prognosis of ACC.