荷兰高校科研评估实践及启示

随着公共财政对高校科研投入的增加,政府部门和公众越来越关注高校科研经费的使用效率和效益,这使得高校科研评估在近年来逐渐成为了一个非常快速发展的领域。正是在这样的大背景下,为评估高校科研的水平及其发展策略,荷兰建立了比较全面、系统的高校科研评估制度,对我国开展高校科研评估产生了有益的启示。     

基于两步几何主动轮廓的快速图像分割

A fast two-stage geometric active contour algorithm for image segmentation is developed. First, the Eikonal equation problem is quickly solved using an improved fast sweeping method, and a criterion of local minimum of area gradient (LMAG) is presented to extract the optimal arrival time. Then, the final time function is passed as an initial state to an area and length minimizing flow model, which adjusts the interface more accurately and prevents it from leaking. For object with complete and salient edge, using the first stage only is able to obtain an ideal result, and this results in a time complexity of O(M), where M is the number of points in each coordinate direction. Both stages are needed for convoluted shapes, but the computation cost can be drastically reduced. Efficiency of the algorithm is verified in segmentation experiments of real images with different feature.     

管办评三方的权力边界能够完全廓清吗——基于不完全契约理论的思考

厘清权力关系、廓清权力边界是管办评有效分离的核心要义。学者们已经关注到“权力边界的模糊、不清晰”所造成的“错位、越位、缺位”等教育治理困境，并从不同角度为厘清权力边界做出了卓有成效的努力。从不完全契约理论出发进行权力厘定，发现管办评三方的确定性权力边界可以厘清，但剩余权力的边界却是无法廓清的；因剩余权力的存在而导致的边界模糊地带始终存在，且无法消除；只有通过剩余权力的规制才能有效突围因剩余权力边界模糊带来的治理困境。基于此提出了“规制剩余权力与厘清确定性权力边界”并重的观点，以及两手共同协力才能破解教育治理困境的政策建议。     

浅谈英文中译的翻译标准及常用方法

本通过回顾我国的翻译历史，分析现代英语的翻译标准，提出英翻译中应遵循的几项原则，以及在翻译过程中的实际运用。     

网络课程评价的基本原则

根据对国内外网络课程评价标准的研究,分析了我国当前网络课程评价发展的情况,论述了网络课程评价的基本原则.     

Learning environment, attitudes and conceptual development associated with innovative strategies in middle-school mathematics

This study of middle-school students in California focused on the effectiveness of using innovative teaching strategies for enhancing the classroom environment, students’ attitudes and conceptual development. A sample of 661 students from 22 classrooms in four inner city schools completed modified forms of the Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES), What Is Happening In this Class? (WIHIC) questionnaire and Test of Mathematics Related Attitudes (TOMRA). Data analyses supported the factor structure, internal consistency reliability, discriminant validity and the ability to distinguish between different classes for these questionnaires when used with middle-school mathematics students in California. The effectiveness of the innovative instructional strategy was evaluated in terms of classroom environment and attitudes to mathematics for the whole sample, as well as for mathematics achievement for a subgroup of 101 students. A comparison of an experimental group which experienced the innovative strategy with a control group supported the efficacy of the innovative teaching methods in terms of learning environment, attitudes and mathematics concept development. Also associations were found between perceptions of classroom learning environment and students’ attitudes to mathematics and conceptual development.     

基于评价准则的目标理想点类型多目标决策方法

现有的求解目标理想点类型决策问题的方法———目标规划法 ,在某种程度上是较为常用的方法 .本文分析了该问题及方法的特点 .在此基础上发现了该方法的缺陷并加以指出 .为了克服这些缺陷 ,利用了评价准则及其偏差测度的概念 ,提出并运用了基于评价准则的方法 ,给出了一个数值运算的例子 ,展示了该方法的可用性及有效性 .我们发现了一种新类型的方法来求解目标理想点类型决策问题 .     

论“三个代表”重要思想与“三个有利于”标准的辩证关系

“三个代表”重要思想坚持和发展了邓小平的“三个有利于”标准,是对邓小平理论的一脉相承和与时俱进。二者都坚持了马克思主义唯物史观的基本立场和观点,把实践标准作为共同前提和出发点,把发展生产力作为社会进步的根本物质力量,把人民群众的利益作为工作的落脚点。新世纪“三个代表”重要思想在继承“三个有利于”的基本内容的基础上,进一步丰富和发展了“三个有利于”标准。     

深化党员先进性认识

共产党员要保持党员先进性，就必须加强对党员先进性认识，尤其加强对党员先进性的理论基础、思想基础和组织保证的认识，把握党员先进性的标准和特点，才能打牢党员先进性的理论基础、思想基础；提高保持党员先进性的能力，发挥党员的先锋模范作用。     

Dilemmas in crossing the boundaries: From K-12 to higher education and back again

For the purpose of reflective analysis, this article, which employs narrative inquiry as a research methodology, combines two “crossing the boundaries” dilemmas I experienced over the course of a decade. While the dilemmas relate to different issues that emerged in my career (standardized testing as a K-12 teacher and the formal evaluation of a reform program as a tenured, full professor), I trace the roots of the dilemmas to the same source: the hegemonic relationship between theory and practice which, despite the passage of time, continues to persist in the field of education and to shape the professional experiences of educators, some of which are miseducative. I argue that until the relationship between educational practices in schools and educational practices in universities are addressed, school reform that benefits children cannot be fully realized.