大学生耐力跑项目改革实验之研究

对现有的大学生耐力跑项目教学测试进行剖析，分析其不合理性，同时提出建立较为科学的耐力跑标准和练习方法，通过实验得以实证。     

对开展社区老年体育健身服务价值的探讨

对开展社区老年体育健身服务价值进行了探讨，开展社区老年体育健身服务，可以减少我国人口老龄化带来的负面影响，提高老龄人的身心健康水平，促进老年体育锻炼和健身的科学化，并且可以进一步开发老年人力资源，推动社会主义精神文明建设。     

Determination of peak cardiorespiratory fitness parameters in children: which averaging method should we use?

The purpose of this study was to identify which averaging methods most accurately measures peak cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) parameters [peak O₂ uptake (VO₂), peak O₂pulse and peak respiratory exchange ratio (RER)] in a sample of healthy children and adolescents. In this cross-sectional multicenter study, we recruited 278 healthy children aged 12–17 years. We compared the mean peak value of three CRF parameters using the recommended averaging methods (30-second block average) with alternative averaging methods such as moving averages or shorter smoothing periods. We also assessed averaging methods for accuracy by individually reviewing breath-by-breath scatter plots. The 30-second block average method resulted in a lower mean peak VO₂ and in an increased proportion of underestimated peak values. Using a 30-second moving average significantly increased mean peak values which increased accuracy. Similar results were found for peak RER and peak O₂pulse. In conclusion, the currently recommended averaging method (30-second block average) increased the risk of misinterpretation of peak CRF values in children. Using a moving average approach decreased misinterpretation and increased accuracy.     

Exercise SAGE:基于web的运动基因表达数据库

研究目的:建立人体在运动前后基因的表达量随时间的变化数据库,利用基因表达数据库进行相关数据挖掘。研究方法:利用高通量芯片测序数据库(GEO)中的公开测序数据开发了一个基于网络检索的数据库Exercise SAGE,可以帮助科研工作者检索人体运动前后在不同时间点基因的表达量。通过对人体在运动前后基因的表达量随时间的变化进行探究,可以更好的探究运动科学背后的分子机制。结论:以人体运动前后高通量芯片测序数据为基础,通过Web数据库技术,建立了人体运动前和运动后不同时间点的数据库,相关科研人员可以对数据库进行数据挖掘或共享数据。Exercise SAGE数据库在线访问地址是www. tsrna. org。     

大学生体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性关系的研究

探索大学生体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性的现状及其相互关系。通过文献法与访谈法对体测结果关注的概念及维度进行界定,自编大学生《体测结果关注问卷》,并修订大学生《锻炼坚持性问卷》,运用这两个问卷对1 219名在校大学生进行调查。通过方差分析、相关分析和回归分析,发现大学生的体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性在性别、年级方面存在显著差异,体测结果关注与锻炼坚持性显著相关,体测结果关注可以预测锻炼坚持性。其中,体测自较关注是预测锻炼坚持性及努力投入与情感体验因子的主导因素,《标准》评价关注最能预测锻炼行为。研究发现了体测自较关注对锻炼坚持性的重要意义,建议在实践教学中不仅要通过结果性评价满足学生对《标准》评价的关注,更要重视通过体质增值评价提高学生对体测自较的关注,进而有效促进学生的锻炼坚持性。研究为大学生体质健康促进的教学干预提供了理论依据。     

体育课堂运动干预对女大学生体质健康影响的实验研究

运用文献资料法、数理统计法、实验法,研究体育课堂运动干预对女大学生体质健康的影响,为高校的体育教学改革提供一定的理论依据.结果显示:体育课堂的运动干预对女大学生身体素质和身体机能的改善和提高效果明显.     

The effects of short versus long inter-set rest intervals in resistance training on measures of muscle hypertrophy: A systematic review

Although the effects of short versus long inter-set rest intervals in resistance training on measures of muscle hypertrophy have been investigated in several studies, the findings are equivocal and the practical implications remain unclear. In an attempt to provide clarity on the topic, we performed a systematic literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) electronic databases. Six studies were found to have met the inclusion criteria: (a) an experimental trial published in an English-language peer-reviewed journal; (b) the study compared the use of short (≤60?s) to long (>60?s) inter-set rest intervals in a traditional dynamic resistance exercise using both concentric and eccentric muscle actions, with the only difference in resistance training among groups being the inter-set rest interval duration; (c) at least one method of measuring changes in muscle mass was used in the study; (d) the study lasted for a minimum of four weeks, employed a training frequency of ≥2 resistance training days per week, and (e) used human participants without known chronic disease or injury. Current evidence indicates that both short and long inter-set rest intervals may be useful when training for achieving gains in muscle hypertrophy. Novel findings involving trained participants using measures sensitive to detect changes in muscle hypertrophy suggest a possible advantage for the use of long rest intervals to elicit hypertrophic effects. However, due to the paucity of studies with similar designs, further research is needed to provide a clear differentiation between these two approaches.     

加强体育院校课余活动引导 促进大学生综合素质提高

运动技术的教学和训练离不开对运动技术时空特征的研判。对不同训练水平的教学对象需根据其运动时的技术时空特征采用合适的教学和训练方法才能实现运动技术的最优化。     

当前我国运动训练实践的新思维

重视运动过程,深入研究动态的技术细节,已经成为准确把握项目运动特征的基础和前提条件。对运动能力的认识不能仅停留在静态的距离或时间上,而应该深入到运动的过程中,捕捉并把握关键指标的动态变化,了解运动的全过程。运动训练应转变训练理念,从传统的大运动量低强度训练转变到大运动量高强度的高负荷训练模式上来,这个训练模式称为“高负荷训练法”。无论是以体能为主导的项群,还是以技能为主导的项群,都需要“以赛代练”,但不能“重赛轻练”。运动员在获得“最高运动成绩”时,并不处于“最佳准备状态”。