从中外文学作品中人与自然的关系看中西文化的差异

自然是文学创作的一个重要主题。古今中外历来不乏写景状物的千古名篇。由于文化背景的不同,这些作品呈现出许多的中西差异。文章从分析中外描写自然的作品入手,阐释作品中折射出的人与自然的关系,揭示其中所蕴含的中西文化的差异。     

简析英汉词汇文化内涵的差异

英汉词汇文化内涵的差异包括词汇空缺、词义联想和文化意象的差异、习语与典故的差异和语义和文化内涵的不等值等。深入研究和探讨,有助于外语教学和对外文化交流。     

The “I” in team: Coach incivility,coach gender,and team performance in women’s basketball teams

Incivility is common across many sport contexts, yet empirical examination of its influence is lacking, especially when it comes to the influence of incivility on team emergent states and performance. The purpose of the present study was to address this topic by investigating the effects of leader incivility toward team members on team outcomes. The authors also examined team cohesion and psychological safety as potential mediators of the leader incivility-performance relationship and leader gender as a moderator of these mediational relationships. Participants included players from 52 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I female college basketball teams whose experiences of incivility were aggregated to the team level. As predicted, results revealed that leader incivility related to lower team cohesion, lower psychological safety, and lower objective team performance. Additionally, psychological safety mediated the incivility-performance relationship, as hypothesized. Based on these findings, the authors point to several implications, including emphasizing civility among leaders, instituting organizational policies designed to deter incivility, establishing reporting mechanisms, and implementing interventions and training.     

Does performance justify the underrepresentation of women coaches? Evidence from professional women’s soccer

In this paper, the authors empirically analyze the influence of the gender of the coach on team performance in women’s soccer leagues. Moreover, the authors examine the role of initial experience of coaches (as professional players) as an attribute that converges with gender diversity and influence performance. The sample includes the top divisions in France, Germany, and Norway from 2004 to 2017. The results from the regression model show that the gender of the coach is not a significant determinant of team performance (points per game). In addition, the initial experience of coaches does not alter the results. Therefore, managerial decisions of clubs with regard to the employment of coaches should not rely on gender.     

垂直专业化对创新绩效的影响及行业差异-来自中国高技术产业的经验证据

本文选取1995-2010年中国高技术产业的面板数据,在考虑创新投入和市场化进程等条件下,运用动态面板的GMM方法实证考察了垂直专业化对创新绩效的影响及行业差异。研究显示,垂直专业化促进了高技术产业创新绩效的提高,且入世后的促进作用更大;而行业特征影响着垂直专业化对高技术细分行业创新绩效的提升效果,在垄断程度较低、技术密集度较低、外向度较高的行业中,垂直专业化对创新绩效的提升效果更为显著。     

长三角地区行业间水资源消耗差异性分析

本文基于经济普查数据,使用投入产出法,对比分析长三角地区的上海、江苏和浙江整体用水、三大产业用水、制造业二分位行业用水的差异性。结果表明:1浙江拥有水资源总量超过其消耗水资源量,上海和江苏则面临较大用水压力;2上海耗水集中于第二产业,江苏、浙江集中于第一产业;3上海石油及核燃料加工业、金属冶炼及压延业、江苏的非金属矿物制品业、浙江的木材加工以及家具制造业直接用水系数较高,但完全用水系数较低,江苏木材加工及家具制造业等部门直接用水系数较低,而完全用水系数较高;4对代表性行业——通信设备计算机及其他电子设备制造业的分析显示,影响其完全用水系数的相关行业在两省一市基本相同,但影响程度有所不同。     

印度农村初等教育教师在职培训机会差异研究

随着义务教育的普及,印度农村师资的需求不断扩大,因此通过各种渠道招募了不同素质水平的教师。为了提高教育教学质量,印度政府从中央到地方采取不同措施开展教师在职培训。在农村初等教育教师在职培训中存在诸如机会的区域差异、学段差异、办学主体差异、性别差异等问题。印度政府解决农村教师培训机会问题的对策对于思考我国基础教育中农村教师的培训问题有着一定的启示。     

浅议英汉翻译中的文化差异因素及策略

语言与文化密不可分,每个民族都有自己的文化。从地域文化和生活方式、思维方式和价值观、宗教信仰等不同角度,剖析文化因素对汉英翻译所造成的影响,讨论文化差异下英汉翻译的基本策略。据此提出翻译工作者应该更加注重对文化的学习及应用,在了解文化差异的基础上译出更准确、更地道的译文。     

面向全体学生——体育教学之解读

《体育与健康课程标准》明确指出,学生是学习的主体,体育教学必须以学生发展为中心,关注个体差异与不同需求,确保每一个学生受益。在素质教学背景下实施体育教学改革,必须牢固树立健康第一的指导思想,转变教学方法;必须面向全体学生,尊重学生个体差异,因材施教。     

农业转移人口市民化微观决策机制研究?

借鉴成本收益理论,基于农业转移人口市民化意愿和经济理性的微观视角,构建我国农业转移人口市民化微观决策机制理论模型,并根据在重庆进行的实地调查数据进行实证检验。研究表明：农业转移人口在城市就业创业收入及其社会网络、文化程度以及农业生产成本和农村建房成本与转户迁移人数正相关,而城市劳动力素质、城市住房价格、城市日常生活开支与转户迁移人数负相关。农业转移人口在城市稳定就业后,根据转户迁移的收益与成本评估进行市民化决策,只有收益大于成本时才进行转户迁移;否则会继续“流而不迁”或返回农村。因此,仅仅拆除城乡户籍制度的藩篱并不能促成农业转移人口的快速市民化,还必须有效提高农民转户迁移的收益,并降低其成本。