An Analysis of Foreign Language Learning Styles from the Cognitive Perspective

From the 1970s,learning styles began to enter the domain of foreign language learning researches.Foreign language learning style is often regarded as a significant factor attributing to individual differences among language learners.Nowadays,many researchers begin studying individual learners’characteristics and exploring how different learners interact with external factors from cognitive perspective.The field-independence/dependence construct became a focus.Based on previous studies,the paper is committed to analyzing the nature of FID learners.It is expected that this research can establish a well-grounded basis for following studies.     

基于性别差异的我国高校毕业生就业特征研究

本研究基于北京大学2009年度全国高校毕业生就业抽样调查数据,针对社会科学研究中的高度复杂性、非线性和不确定性特征,运用复杂性科学研究中的神经网络拟合仿真方法,较好地分离出性别差异对我国高校毕业生就业工作特征和流动特征的影响。研究表明:性别因素将会导致10.89%的薪金差距;男性获得就业地户口的机率比女性高出9.27%;从整体上看,男女大学生就业单位性质的差异并不明显。相对上述就业工作特征,毕业生流动特征的性别差异较为显著:男性毕业生比女性具有更强的流动性,除了就业流动以外,上学流动、毕业流动的性别差异度分别是19.5%和23.77%,全流动差异更是达到了40.57%;而男女毕业生就业流动概率的差异度仅有2.77个百分点,其主要是女性的流动惰性所造成的。     

网络文学类型化研究

网络文学经历20年的发展,所取得的成绩蔚为大观。在概念日渐清晰、评价逐渐客观公正的同时,网络文学的类型化发展成为一个突出现象。影响较大的有保持传统而有新变的武侠、言情小说,变装成功的历史小说,声势浩大的穿越小说,新鲜另类的耽美、修真、玄幻、盗墓冒险小说等。较之传统文学,网络文学是一种新的狂欢方式,以非主流文化引发人们的关注,两性差异显著。     

汉英副词性关联词语篇章衔接功能比较

探究语言表面的同和内部的异、表面的异和内部的同,是我们进行跨文化比较研究、跨语言对比研究的目的之一。文章主要从副词性关联词语篇章衔接的语义与类别和衔接的特点与差异等方面,对汉英副词性关联词语的篇章衔接功能进行对比分析,探讨汉英副词性关联词语篇章衔接功能的共同特点、规律及其差异,旨在揭示汉、英语语言的类型学特点。     

学习者英语自我概念与英语水平关系中的性别差异

本文以学习者性别差异为切入点,通过对348名大学新生所做的定量研究,观察并分析学习者英语自我概念与英语水平之间的关系。研究发现：（1）女生的整体英语自我概念、听力自我概念和阅读自我概念都明显高于男生,但在口语自我概念和写作自我概念上男女生不存在显著差异;（2）女生的综合英语水平及各项技能水平均高于男生,尤其是听说水平;（3）男生的英语自我概念与英语各项技能水平间的相关系数均高于女生,同时男生和女生的口语自我概念与口语水平的相关系数均最高;（4）在英语自我概念高分组中,女生只在口语水平上明显地高于男生,而在低分组里,女生的英语各项技能水平都明显高于男生,最为突出的是写作水平。     

What makes a skilled writer? Working memory and audience awareness during text composition

This study investigated the role of working memory capacity as a factor for individual differences in the ability to compose a text with communicative efficiency based on audience awareness. We analyzed its differential effects on the dynamics of the writing processes, as well as on the content of the finished product. Twenty-five graduate students composed a procedural text explaining how to assemble a model turbine. They were free to consult a documentary source, featuring captioned pictures of turbine parts and assembly steps, at any time. Graphomotor and eye movements were recorded using ‘Eye and Pen’ software with an eye-tracker and digitizing tablet. Results showed that high WM capacity writers used a different strategy to explore the visual source, making longer writing pauses and producing more detailed procedures, and achieved the communicative goal more efficiently, by introducing more reader supports. In conclusion, we discuss the feasibility of audience awareness training.     

Gender differences in performance in mathematics at the end of lower secondary school in Italy

The paper deals with the investigation of gender differences in performances in mathematics for Italian students at the end of lower secondary school. The study is based on a new large-scale assessment test developed and administered by the National Evaluation Institute for the School System. Given the evidence in the literature which favors males, performances of female and male students are compared using different approaches. Scores proposed by educational experts based on item subgroups were considered, while a model-based approach was used within item response theory. The results revealed a significant advantage to males in overall performance, while no meaningful differences were observed with respect to item domain and type. An interpretable item map was developed crossing expert opinions with IRT abilities, and plausible proficiency levels were defined. According to the map-based student classification, a relatively lower percentage of females fell into the highest proficiency groups with respect to males.     

教师的文化知识:创造教学的当下意义及其改进的无限可能——密西根大学Kathryn M.Anderson-Levitt教授访谈

凯瑟琳M.安德森-莱维特教授从教育人类学的视角研究教师知识及其教学。她将教师的文化知识定义为教师所具有的知识、信念、态度,以及教师用以完成教学的实践中的知识;它包括教师从教育学院和实际工作中获得的专业知识,也包含了对课堂、儿童和教学的常识性理解和想当然的知识。她通过人类学的田野研究,得出教师文化知识的五个类别:安排学年课程的知识、组织教学活动的知识、评价学生学习的知识,解释并补救学业失败的知识,以及实践中的知识。她发现,存在着一种对学校教育的跨国理解,或者说,存在着全球化的共同的教育话语,但是在本土层面,学校教学和改革却存在深刻的文化差异。     

每州客家方言中的祖辈亲属称谓调查研究

梅州作为客家方言的中心区域,具有客家方言的典型特征,但梅州所辖各县区的客家方言并不完全相同,地区之间存在内部差异。亲属称谓作为人们日常语言交际的组成部分,能反映一个地区的语言特色,该文从梅州地区间差异较大的祖辈亲属称谓人手,着重论述梅州地区内部祖辈亲属称谓的构词特点和几组特殊的称谓方式,并探讨其内部差异的原因。