反兴奋剂工作中运动员权利保护与公共利益的冲突及协调研究

在反兴奋剂工作中运动员(即竞技体育运动的参与者)权利保护与公共利益的冲突及协调是反兴奋剂规则制定时要解决的重要问题。反兴奋剂工作中对运动员权利进行干预的合法目的是:保护运动员的健康权;维护体育赛事中的公平竞争;以最小程度干预运动员权利来实现反兴奋剂工作维护公共利益的目标。《世界反兴奋剂条例(2021年版)》新修订条款加强了对运动员个人权利的保护:一是将健康促进与运动员权利保护列入了体育功能;二是新修订条款对"受保护人员"的界定体现了对未成年运动员在反兴奋剂工作中的特殊对待;三是新修订条款更强调兴奋剂违规纠纷案的听证程序和审判的公正性;四是新修订条款使兴奋剂违规处罚与兴奋剂违规行为更符合相称性原则;五是新修订条款确保了运动员权利在反兴奋剂工作中受到同等保护。由此,中国政府应当在《世界反兴奋剂条例(2021年版)》基础上进一步完善兴奋剂检查程序;与世界反兴奋剂工作接轨,进一步完善国内的兴奋剂违规处罚规定;对中国运动员加强反兴奋剂教育,深化其对反兴奋剂工作的认识;要加强保护未成年运动员在反兴奋剂检查中的权利并要进行特别规制。     

From the Classroom to the Capitol-From MSW Students to Advocates

ABSTRACT

The improvement of teaching has taken on heightened significance at the college level during the past five years. While research and scholarship remain priorities, the quality of teaching is being assessed through the documentation of teaching methods and strategies for active learning in the classroom. The product of super teaching, enhanced student participation, is a major reward. This article describes techniques for active learning and how students react to the use of a series of techniques to enhance their participation in the classroom.     

Developing a code of practice for disability coordinators

In England and Wales the Code of Practice on the Identification and Assessment of Special Educational Needs, and the role of the special needs coordinator, are well established at statutory level, but they are neither universal nor well established in the higher education (HE) sector. Where disability services do exist in HE, they vary in staffing, policy and practices, and disability coordinators have many concerns about the service they provide. In Australia the tertiary sector has recently developed a code of practice for students with disabilities, and in the USA the Association on Higher Education and Disability has developed a code of ethics for its members. A survey of HE disability coordinators on the issues and dilemmas experienced in their work and their views on the need for a code of ethics was undertaken in February 1998 by Skill (National Bureau for Students with Disabilities) and the University of East London. The findings and proposed strategies are discussed in the light of current initiatives for disability services in HE.     

COLORADO'S RESPONSE TO THE BEHAVIOUR CHALLENGE

The USA is facing difficulties similar to those of the UK in attempting to deal with the increasing number of students who display disturbing behaviours in schools. Such students are creating complex challenges for those professionals who are working to maintain them within mainstream education settings. To encourage proactive approaches to such behaviour problems, the Federal Government has introduced recent amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Based on these directives, the State of Colorado is currently focusing on meeting the needs of its most challenging students through the introduction of positive behaviour intervention plans and functional assessment of behaviour.     

Book Review

No abstract available for this article.     

COUNTER Code of Practice: A Preview of Release 4

This column provides a preview of what is being discussed for inclusion in release 4 of the Counting Online Usage of NeTworked Electronic Resources (COUNTER) code of practice. We will look at the rationale behind the proposed new reports, changes being considered for the processing guidelines and updated audit expectations.     

对2002年全国跆拳道锦标赛新规则(试行)的调查

对2002年全国跆拳道锦标赛新规则（试行）进行调查，结果表明一些运动员对规则的改动褒贬不一，有很多疑义尚需明确。     

新世纪图书馆员的行为准则-解读《中国图书馆员职业道德准则(试行)》

《准则》是新世纪图书馆员的行为准则。正确理解《准则》的丰富内涵即：与时俱进的时代特征、“读者至上”的职业理念、精诚合作的团队精神、“以人为本”的服务管理理念，有助于馆员自觉地遵守职业道德，并将《准则》贯彻落实到日常工作中去。     

积分中值定理的加强形式

本文给出了积分中值定理的加强形式 ,并给出详细的证明过程     

半群x*的一族极大自由幺子半群的构造性证明

分析自由幺半群X﹡的一族特殊幺子半群,并以X﹡为顶点集构造了一个语言图,利用它证明了该族子半群是半群X﹡的一族极大自由幺子半群。