兴奋剂个人违纪的经济处罚初探

世界反兴奋剂机构授权各反兴奋剂组织对违规的运动员可施加经济处罚或合理回收成本费用,同时提出了以"施加最长禁赛期"为前提和比例原则的限制,却未明示该限制的目的,这直接影响了各反兴奋剂组织对该条款的解读。不同版本的经济处罚规则反映制定者对授权条款中"最长禁赛期"条件的解释,在符合比例原则的前提下均具有合理性。但我国反兴奋剂政策文件中的经济处罚条款另辟蹊径,以"负担兴奋剂检测费用"为名义施加罚款,混淆了《世界反兴奋剂条例》授权的两类经济后果间的界限。为明确经济处罚的目的和限度,应对条文的表述进行修正并完善可减免经济处罚的条件。     

基于绿色发展理念下开发区PPP项目的关键成功因素研究

基于绿色发展理念视角下构建开发区PPP项目关键成功影响因素指标体系,采取ISM和F-ANP相结合的方法对PPP项目成功影响因素的关联性和重要性进行分析,并得出其关键成功因素的影响程度权重值综合排序。研究表明,绿色PPP项目经验与技能、政府监管持续性和政府对项目支持意愿是开发区绿色PPP项目关键成功影响因素中的深层次因素,是引导社会资本参与并积极实施绿色生产技术的核心推动力,进而对最终提供的产品和服务的质量和效率产生影响。     

基于ISM的虚拟企业形成影响因素实证分析

虚拟企业的形成受到多种因素的影响,能否准确判断和合理控制这些因素直接关系到虚拟企业的形成和运行效果。本文通过实证研究确定了虚拟企业形成的宏观影响因素;运用ISM方法建立解释结构模型,得到因素间的层次结构;通过对模型中各因素影响方式和程度的分析,对虚拟企业的有效构建提出了宏观上的决策建议。     

基于B/S三层架构的ASP.NET系统的代码生成研究

根据B/S信息系统的结构和功能特点,通过对代码生成工具的工作模式的研究,提出了基于MDA模型驱动架构和基于模板的驱动模式相结合的代码生成模式。它包括三种基本的模型:功能模型、对象模型、交互模型。此工具通过这三种基本模型和模板来实现B/S三层构架信息系统的生成,非常适合在迭代开发的项目中使用。     

MD5算法在Web数据库中的应用

随着Web数据库的应用越来越广泛,Web数据库的安全问题也日益突出,保障和加强数据库的安全性已成为目前必须要解决的问题。MD5算法作为一种单向加密算法,由于其加密后的数据难以解密,所以在保障Web数据库的安全性问题上采用MD5算法有着重大的作用与意义。     

VoIP音频质量研究

介绍了影响VoIP语音质量的要素及提高语音质量的方法。     

Teaching, morality, and responsibility: A Structuralist analysis of a teachers’ code of conduct

In this paper we conduct a Structuralist analysis of the General Teaching Council for England’s Code of Conduct and Practice for Registered Teachers in order to reveal how teachers are required to fulfil an apparently impossible social role. The GTCE’s Code, we argue, may be seen as an attempt by a government agency to resolve the political and ideological tensions that emerge in a society that grapples with the paradox of revering individual autonomy whilst simultaneously being dependent upon state-delivered services like a national education system. In such a situation it seems that teachers are a locus in which these tensions collide. However, the GTCE’s attempt to bridge the philosophical gaps provides an opportunity, we conclude, for teachers and teacher-educators to explore the differences between public myths of the teaching profession and the lived reality of life in the classroom.     

Shifting codes: education or regulation? Trainee teachers and the Code of Conduct and Practice in England

In 2009, the General Teaching Council for England (GTCE) introduced a revised Code of Conduct and Practice (2009) for registered teachers. The code also applies to all trainee teachers who are provisionally registered with the GTCE and who could be liable to a charge of misconduct during their periods of teaching practice. This paper presents the results of a small-scale piece of research that utilises Q-methodology to ascertain trainee teacher alignment with the code. Our research concludes that trainee teachers in the sample have a high degree of homogeneity in relation to prioritising specific areas of the code, namely those pertaining to ethical behaviours. They do not prioritise those areas of the code relating to classroom-based skills which they have yet to develop. The paper questions the efficacy of a code which represents an aggregate of a code of conduct, a code of ethics and a set of standards for practice.     

The history of education in non‐education periodicals, 1939–1967: A bibliography

Abstract

Children with special educational needs form a substantial minority of the school population. The mechanisms and associated resources in the 1981 Education Act were oriented towards children with statements of special educational needs and neglected children with special needs but without statements. This paper examines the recent shift in policy emphasis away from the former, and towards the latter, group. The precursors to this position, notably the unmanageable rise (for LEAs) in numbers of children with statements and the broadening of the basis on which children were given statements, are examined. Both the 1994 Code of Practice concerning children with special needs and the proposed changes to the National Curriculum can be seen in part as, by redefining non statemented special needs provision, mechanisms to tackle the inexorable increase in statements. Four major repercussions of this shift are discussed. Finally some longer term implications are examined.     

基于ISM的高校科技成果转化影响因素分析

高校科技成果转化受多方面因素影响,面向系统工程学中的ISM方法,通过建立6级多层递阶解释结构模型,对影响高校科技成果转化的关键要素进行全面、系统分析,得到高校科技成果转化的表层直接影响因素、浅层间接影响因素、中层间接影响因素和深层根本影响因素.对这些因素进行分析得出结论,以期为提升高校科技成果转化能力提供帮助.