Inter-repetition rest training and traditional set configuration produce similar strength gains without cortical adaptations

This study compared the functional and neural effects of two strength training programmes differing in set configuration. Thirteen participants performed 10 sessions, over a period of 5 weeks, of unilateral leg extensions with different set configurations but with identical work-to-rest ratios for each limb: a traditional configuration (4 sets of 8 repetitions, 10RM load, 3-min pause between sets) and an inter-repetition rest configuration (32 repetitions, 10RM load, 17.4 s of rest between each repetition). Mean propulsive velocity of the traditional sessions was lower than for inter-repetition rest sessions (0.48 ± 0.06 vs. 0.54 ± 0.06 m · s^?1; P < 0.001), while perceived exertion was higher (8.3 ± 0.9 and 6.56 ± 1.6 for traditional training and IRT; P = 0.002). One repetition maximum (RM), work with 10RM load, maximum mean propulsive power, maximum voluntary contraction and time to failure with 50% of maximum isometric force improved similarly in both legs (time effect, P < 0.001; effect size range, 0.451–1.190). Time and set configuration did not show significant main effects or interactions for cortical adaptations (motor-evoked potentials, short-interval intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation). There were no significant correlations between changes in cortical and peripheral neural adaptations and strength improvement. In conclusion, inter-repetition rest configuration was as effective as traditional training in improving muscle performance.     

Thyroid Disorders in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The study was planned to assess the prevalence of thyroid disorders in type 2 diabetes in North Indian population and to correlate the serum insulin and glycosylated haemoglobin levels with thyroid hormones. It is a case control study. One hundred and twenty patients of type 2 diabetes were included in the study along with 117 adults of the same age group and normal glucose levels as controls. All blood samples were taken from subjects who fasted for at least 12 h before the blood collection. Glycosylated hemoglobin was determined by ion exchange chromatography and serum insulin and thyroid hormones were assessed through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels were significantly higher in diabetics showing a poor glucose control. Serum tri-iodothyronine values were significantly lower in diabetics. There was a significant correlation between glycosylated haemoglobin and thyroid hormones. There was no correlation between serum insulin and thyroid hormones.     

抗战的另类文化收获——试论云南呈贡魁阁精神及其成果

云南魁阁原是一个不起眼的关乎民俗信仰的三层小楼,因为抗日战争这一特殊的历史原因,一大批著名的社会学家汇聚于此,形成了中国现代史上最有深度、最有影响力的学术集团。论述了他们在当时所应用的方法以及理论,而最为关键的是他们所具备的精神及对现在的学术研究依然有着指导意义。     

皖北地区大豆根瘤菌优良抗逆性菌株的筛选

从皖北不同地区采集土壤样品,利用宿主结瘤法获得大豆根瘤,并采用平板划线法分离不同地区大豆根瘤菌株,共31株,对其进行染料及化学药物抗性、耐酸碱性、生长温度范围、耐盐性、抗生素抗性等性状的研究。结果表明,从31个菌株中筛选出总体抗性水平最为突出的菌株AWCS 13-4,其表现抗染料及化学药物能力最强;在pH4-pH12条件下生长良好,具有较广的酸碱度适应范围;在50℃条件下,仍可以缓慢生长;在6.0%NaCl处理下仍能生长,显示出很强的耐盐能力;并且在供试5种抗生素的不同浓度条件下均生长良好,表现出极强耐抗生素的能力。     

宋子文抗战外交与中国战略地位的提高

太平洋战争爆发后,美国从其远东战略利益出发,不仅在经济上、军事上全面援助中国的抗战,而且在政治上承认并努力使中国成为一个大国,有意提高中国的国际地位。但从美国为实现其远东战略目标而采取的实际行动来看,美国对中国的战略地位并未予以足够的重视。为此,宋子文以蒋介石驻美“私人代表”和国民政府外交部长的双重身份在华盛顿展开了频繁的外交活动,力争美国支持中国早日收复缅甸,力争中国参加盟国军事指挥机构,他为此付出的外交努力虽因诸多原因未能取得显著成效,但客观上有利于中华民族的抗战,应予以肯定。     

台湾抗日小说的一道奇异景观——台籍原日本兵的南洋战争见证叙事

台湾青少年在"二战"中被"志愿"到南太平洋参战是一段苦难的历史,台湾抗日小说中的《猎女犯》和《少年上战场》等见证了这段历史。作者以当事人的身份见证叙事了战争对台湾人民肉体和精神的无辜伤害、战争给殖民地人民带来的苦难,并由此生发了对战争的人道主义思考。     

浅议抗战档案在抗日专题展中的地位与作用

抗战档案是抗日战争时期形成并流传和保存下来的文献、实物、照片等原始档案资料,反映了抗日战争的原始面貌,是抗战展览的珍贵实物。文章从抗战档案的权威性和史实性谈起,结合新四军纪念馆的展览工作,对抗战档案的重要地位和作用进行分析,以将抗战档案中延伸出来的抗战文化在新时期得到传承和弘扬。     

Assessment of Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome in Drug Naive Patients of Bipolar Disorder

The levels of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance (IR) and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in a sample population of bipolar disorder (BPD) patients who were newly diagnosed and psychotropically naïve were assessed and compared with an age, sex and racially matched control population. 55 BPD-I patients (15–65 years) who were non-diabetic, nonpregnant, and drug naïve for a period of at least 6 months were included in the study. Diagnosis was made using the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders (SCID IV). IR was assessed using homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR); MS was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). Data were compared with 25 healthy controls. BPD patients had significantly higher mean levels of fasting plasma insulin (13.2 ± 9.2 vs. 4.68 ± 3.1 μIU/ml, p < 0.05), postprandial plasma insulin (27.2 ± 14.5 vs. 18.1 ± 9.3 μIU/ml, p < 0.05) and a higher value of HOMA-IR (3.16 ± 2.2 vs. 1.19 ± 0.8, p < 0.05) when compared to the controls. A significantly higher proportion of patients of BPD compared to controls were manifesting levels of fasting plasma glucose, serum triglyceride and blood pressure higher than the cut off while waist circumference and serum HDL cholesterol failed to show any significant difference in the proportion. There was a significantly higher proportion of prevalence of IR between BPD cases and controls (26/55 vs. 2/25, z value 9.97, p < 0.05) while there was no significant difference in proportion of prevalence of MS between these two groups. Within BPD patients, logistic regression analysis showed that age, sex or current mood status (depressed/manic) were not significantly predictive of presence or absence of MS or increased IR.     

Voyeurism and Resistance in Rap Music Videos

Longstanding explanations of the controlling effect of white consumers/producers on minority production can obscure the negotiation and struggle of artists over their images, and particularly the ways in which dominant ideologies can be disarticulated from their meanings and rearticulated as critical observations on contemporary social relations. Rap group dead prez's video for the song “Hell Yeah!” is most accurately read from the perspective of articulation theory, since the group's oppositional use of the “gaze” reworks dominant representational discourses of race and class.     

Queer Imag(in)ing: Liminality as Resistance in Lindqvist's Let the Right One In

This essay explores queer imag(in)ing by analyzing a contemporary vampire text, Let The Right One In, by John Ajvide Lindqvist. As I argue, the rhetorical act of humanizing vampires is inherently limiting for (queer) audiences and indicative of processes that seek to clarify, assimilate, and tame—in short, normalize, which as Michel Foucault states “imposes homogeneity” by stamping out difference. Furthermore, I argue that a text can actively resist moments of normalization with the strategic use of what Victor Turner calls liminality—a (queer) rhetorical tactic that resists while seemingly/simultaneously buttressing a liberal humanist belief wherein difference is denied thus displacing and denying the significance of the Other.