The effects of eccentric phase duration on concentric outcomes in the back squat and bench press in well-trained males

ABSTRACT

The velocity and magnitude in which the eccentric phase of an exercise is completed directly affects performance during the concentric phase. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of eccentric phase duration on concentric outcomes at 60% and 80% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) in the squat and bench press. Sixteen college-aged, resistance-trained males completed 1RM testing, established normative eccentric durations, and performed fast (0.75 times normative) and slow (2.0 times normative) metronome-controlled eccentric duration repetitions. Outcome measures assessed during the concentric phase were: average concentric velocity (ACV), peak concentric velocity (PCV), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), range of motion (ROM), and barbell path. Eccentric duration was significantly and inversely correlated with ACV at 60% (r = ?0.408, p = 0.004) and 80% (r = ?0.477, p = 0.001) of 1RM squat. At 60% of 1RM squat, both fast and slow eccentric conditions produced greater (p < 0.001) PCV than normative duration with fast also producing greater PCV than slow (p = 0.044). Eccentric duration had no impact on RPE, ROM, or barbell path. Our results report for the first time that resistance-trained males performing a deliberately faster eccentric phase may enhance their own squat and bench press performance.     

Making a career in PESP in the corporatized university: reflections on hegemony,resistance, collegiality and scholarship

This lecture considers how it might be possible to make a career as a university scholar at a time when the university is becoming increasingly corporatised. Consistent with the intent of the Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy (PESP) Special Interest Group (SIG) Scholar Lecture, I draw on personal experiences from my own career as a university teacher, researcher, teacher educator and leader to consider the extent to which the hegemony of corporatisation might be challenged and subverted, the kinds of resistance that can and should take place, and the central importance of collegiality and scholarship to the sustainability of the university as an institution of higher learning. I will consider more specifically what it means to develop a career as a scholar in a practical and marginalised field such as PESP, and the possibilities that exist to secure the future of the field of research and praxis.     

论抗日民族文化统一战线的形成与在抗战中的作用

抗日民族文化统一战线是日本全面侵略的文化应对，是抗日民族统一战线的重要组成部分。面对着民族危亡，在全国的抗日热潮的推动下，一切进步的爱国知识分子在中国共产党的领导下，组成了广泛的抗日民族文化统一战线，进行广泛的争取民族的解放与独立的文化活动。中国共产党通过建立广泛的抗日民族文化统一战线，团结了广大文化人士，有力地推动了抗战文化运动的开展，培养了大批抗日文化新生力量，改变了一些地方文化落后的面貌，为我党开辟了一条动员广大群众的最基本的和最重要的途径，有力地推动了大后方抗日文化的发展，促进抗战文化的繁荣。     

简论中国共产党在抗战时期的政治文明

中国共产党在抗战时期创造性地发展了民主政治，高举民主政治的旗号，提高人民的民主政治意识，创建适合国情的政治制度，通过有效的途径落实民主政治。先进的政治明促进了抗战的胜利。     

Moral Decision-making in Real Life: Factors affecting moral orientation and behaviour justification

The study addresses two separate but related issues in connection with people's real-life moral decisions and judgements. First, the notion of moral orientation is examined in terms of its consistency across varying contexts, its relation to gender and to gender role. Secondly, a new aspect of moral reasoning is explored--the influence on moral decision-making of considering the consequences of an action. Fifty-eight undergraduate students were asked to discuss two personal and two impersonal real-life moral dilemmas. The results reveal a significant interaction between gender role and type of dilemma. However, moral orientation was not consistent across various dilemmas and gender was not related to any particular orientation. Also the results indicate a significant difference between the reasoning of consequences of personal-antisocial conflicts and impersonal-antisocial conflicts. These findings suggest that different moral orientations may be embedded in life experience and connect with an individual's sense of his or her moral identity in real-life situations.     

Use of inoculation to foster resistance to credit card marketing targeting college students

Student credit card debt is a growing problem. This study explores the effectiveness of the inoculation strategy to foster resistance to credit card marketing targeting college students. In order to explore further the medical analogy on which the inoculation strategy is based, this study was the first systematically to alter the argument strength of both the counterarguments and refutations in the inoculation pretreatment message to determine whether argument strengths impact effectiveness of inoculation treatments. In addition, this investigation explored whether inoculation spreads from person to person via social channels, similar to the marketing concept of viral marketing. Results indicated that conventional inoculation treatment messages successfully inoculated college students against credit card advertisements, manifested in attitude valence and behavioral intentions, and that matching argument strength is the most effective inoculation strategy.     

The Politics of Breathing: Asthmatic Medicaid Patients Under Managed Care

This article examines how routine and ostensibly rational administrative and medical procedures required of asthmatic Medicaid patients to gain treatment under a managed care health delivery system, in fact, further disenfranchise them.     

Inoculating Against Pro-Plagiarism Justifications: Rational and Affective Strategies

Student plagiarism continues to threaten academic integrity. This investigation assessed whether an inoculation message strategy could combat university plagiarism by protecting student attitudes against pro-plagiarism justification arguments. Additionally, we sought theoretical confirmation of previous findings on involvement and accessibility in inoculation, examined the effects on vested interest, and evaluated matching and mismatching strategies in terms of affect- and rationality-based inoculation treatment messages and subsequent attack messages. A total of 225 students participated in three sessions spanning six weeks. Results indicated that none of the inoculation treatments conferred resistance as measured in attitude toward plagiarism, but all treatments enhanced involvement and attitude accessibility, and the fear- and rationality-based treatments enhanced vested interest. Additionally, fear-based treatments derogated the source of the message. Results also suggest that a matching strategy is superior with both affect- and rationality-based attack messages, such that inoculation treatments are most effective when using the same argument bases (e.g., affective or rational) as the attack message. These results offer guidance for crafting communication campaign strategies to reduce the occurrence of student plagiarism offenses.     

离心泵的实际使用性能

由于离心泵的性能是在实验室通过实验测定和计算出来的,与使用现场的性能有较大差异。因此提出通过阻力计算,确定离心泵在使用现场的实际性能,以此作为离心泵选用的依据,提高离心泵选用的准确性,使离心泵的性能更符合生产和生活的需要,同时又节能降耗。     

抗日战争时期毛泽东思想成熟原因探析

从党的建立到抗日战争前 ,我党经历了北伐战争和土地革命战争 ,革命的曲折发展 ,党对历史经验的系统总结 ,推动毛泽东思想的发展使之走向成熟。抗日战争时期 ,国内外复杂的政治环境和我国人民丰富的抗日斗争实践 ,为毛泽东思想的成熟发展提供了现实土壤。遵义会议后以毛泽东为首的党中央领导集体的稳定 ,全党马克思主义理论水平的提高 ,思想路线的端正 ,为毛泽东思想获得大发展提供了政治的和理论的保障。