智能学习分组:从通用模型到大数据框架

学习分组是协作学习活动设计的首要阶段。随着学习场所的快速变化、多模态交互过程复杂性的增加,采用传统的随机分组、教师指派或学生自我选择等方法进行协作学习分组的效率十分低下。研究提出基于智能技术构建自适应的协作学习小组。首先,阐述了学习分组的价值,即构建合理的协作学习环境、兼顾学生的个体差异和促进教育资源优质公平;其次,总结了影响智能学习分组的因素,包括个体属性、小组学术与物理构成以及学习者与环境的交互;最后,描述了经典场景下智能学习分组的通用模型,并讨论了大数据背景下智能学习分组的前景与挑战。针对大数据驱动智能学习分组的稳定性问题,基于机器学习中的集成学习思想构建了大数据共识分组框架。此框架有望为人工智能促进未来规模化的个性化教育提供支持。     

基于STEM教育理念的PBL教学模式设计与实践研究

STEM教育作为全球工程教育的新理念已成为学界关注的热点。然而,如何实现STEM教育的本土化教学却存在诸多的现实困惑。研究提出了一种基于STEM教育理念的PBL教学模式设计,即聚焦工程创新素养、工程人文素养、AI素养的人才培养目标设计;注重探究—实践—交流的科学程序设计;依据循证实践的多维多层评价设计;促进产学融合、专业与通识融合的环境保障设计。该模式在AI通识课程进行三轮教学实践,研究表明,基于STEM教育理念的PBL教学模式能够提高学生的学习投入度,提升学生的工程创新素养、工程人文素养、AI素养,增强学生的学习体验和教学满意度,并促进了产学研深度融合,可为高校一流本科教育教学改革和工程科技创新人才培养提供参考和借鉴。     

人工智能时代教育目的的转向

人工智能给人的生存带来了意义危机。它使人失去工具意义,成为“无用阶层”;人一旦失去操劳,也就失去了意义产生的大地;更为可怕的是,人极有可能被“神人”设计,成为“圈养”的存在。人的生存面临意义危机时,唯有回归自我才能救己,在自我成长中构建价值,由“为他的”向“为我的”价值向度转向,实现人本真的价值,这需要依靠教育来达成。智能时代教育目的要转向使人成为他自己,实现人劳作的艺术化,以使人在智能时代活得更有意义、自由和尊严。同时,人工智能为教育目的的转向提供技术支撑,它使个性化学习成为可能,实现了“为我的”学习,建构“属我的”知识,这些都使智能时代必需的自我矗立了起来。     

辅助生殖技术学龄前单双胎子代的认知发展存在差异么?(英文)简

Objective： To explore whether there exist differences in cognitive development between singletons and twins born after in vitro fertilization （IVF） or intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI）. Methods： A total of 566 children were recruited for the study, including 388 children （singletons, n=175; twins, n=213） born after IVF and 178 children （singletons, n=87; twins, n=91 ） born after ICSI. The cognitive development was assessed using the Chinese-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children （C-WISC）. Results： For all pre-term offspring, all the intelligence quotient （IQ） items between singletons and twins showed no significant differences no matter if they were born after IVF or ICSI. There was a significant difference in the cognitive development of IVF-conceived full-term singletons and twins. The twins born after IVF obtained significantly lower scores than the singletons in verbal IQ （containing information, picture ＆ vocabulary, arithmetic, picture completion, comprehension, and language）, performance IQ （containing maze, visual analysis, object assembly, and performance）, and full scale IQ （P〈0.05）. The cognitive development of full-term sin- gletons and twins born after ICSI did not show any significant differences. There was no significant difference between the parents of the singletons and twins in their characteristics where data were collected, including the age of the mothers, the current employment status, the educational backgrounds, and areas of residence. There were also no consistent differences in the duration of pregnancy, sex composition of the children, age, and height between sin- gletons and twins at the time of our study although there existed significant differences between the two groups in the sex composition of the full-term children born after ICSI （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： Compared to the full-term singletons born after IVF, the full-term twins have lower cognitive development. The cognitive development of full-term singletons and twins born after ICSI did not show any significant differences. For all pre-term offspring, singletons and twins born after IVF or ICSI, the results of the cognitive development showed no significant differences.     

多元智能理论在高校体育教育专业毽球选项课中的应用

多元智能理论是在1983年由美国心理学家马丁·加德纳提出的,将多元智能理论引入高校体育教育专业毽球选项课中是一项重大的教学改革。在分析多元智能理论的含义和毽球运动的作用的基础上探究多元智能理论在高校体育教育专业毽球选项课中的应用。从而构造出一种多元智能化的毽球选项课教学模式,为高校体育教育专业发展提供参考。     

多元智能理论与英美文学阅读

英美文学阅读课,一直是传统教育中较难的一个环节,多数教师没有考虑学生自身特点,仍然采用统一教学模式,学生学习效果不理想.如果教师能够将多元智能理论运用到课堂教学中,根据每个学生特质进行有针对性的阅读教学,可有效激发学生在英美文学阅读课上的学习热情,能够主动参与小组交流,课堂展示等学习环节,达到预期学习效果.教师在此时要将学习主动权交给学生,让他们在轻松自由的环境中掌握知识,体会学习的快慰.     

The Intercultural Adjustment Potential Scale (ICAPS) predicts adjustment above and beyond personality and general intelligence

Recent research has shown that the psychological skills assessed by the Intercultural Adjustment Potential Scale (ICAPS) can predict adjustment, above and beyond what is already accounted for by personality. The purpose of this study was to examine if the skills tapped by the ICAPS can predict adjustment above and beyond that accounted for by both personality and general intelligence, and whether intelligence can predict adjustment above and beyond skills and personality. International students completed a battery of instruments including the ICAPS, a personality measure, and several adjustment indices. In a separate session they also completed a measure of general intelligence. The results indicated that the ICAPS did predict adjustment independently of both personality and intelligence, but that intelligence did not.     

从心理学视野论创新心理素质培养

现代教育就基础教育而言,需要注重改革传统教学方法,营造有利于创新人才成长的环境氛围。培养具有良好创新心理素质的创造型人才,是知识经济服务的需要。从心理学的角度出发,通过国内外对创新素质培养的论述,对创新素质的内涵和相关因素进行了论证,剖析影响和制约创新素质培养的一系列因素,来解释创新素质是可以培养的。落实到学生的教育上,首要的内容不仅是培养学生的创新技能,更要培养其创新意识,创新精神,而作为核心内容的创新心理素质的培养,显得尤为重要。     

情感计算在网络远程教育系统中的应用：功能、研究现状及关键问题

情感能力是人类智能的重要标志,情感的缺失会影响网络远程教育的教学质量和学习者的学习效果。情感计算是和谐人机交互与人工智能领域中新的研究方向。在网络远程教育系统中应用情感计算理论与技术,可以进一步优化网络远程教育的功能,帮助教师监测远程学习者的情感变化,调整教学策略和方法,实时给予学习者情感反馈,使教学质量达到最佳。目前国内外情感计算在远程教育方面的应用研究还处于起步与探索阶段,所构建的远程教学系统对远程教学中师生情感生理特征与心理特征、多模情感信息融合机制及网络虚拟人机情感交互特性等考虑不足,系统原型在情感合成与表达、智能人机情感交互实现上存在着很大的难度。因此,构建与人类情感系统相吻合的、自然和谐的、人性化和智能化的网络远程教育系统,需要有效解决师生面部表情、语音情感特征信号的准确识别与提取,师生多模情感信息融合机制与和谐人机情感交互技术等关键问题。     

Impulsive control for passivity and exponential synchronization of coupled neural networks with multiple weights

This paper investigates the passivity and synchronization problems for two classes of multiple weighted coupled neural networks (MWCNNs) with or without time delays. Firstly, by utilizing an impulsive control strategy and some inequality techniques, several passivity criteria for MWCNNs with diverse dimensions of output and input are established. Then, based on the Lyapunov functional, some sufficient conditions to ensure the synchronization of MWCNNs via impulsive control are derived. In addition, combined with the comparison principle and the impulsive delay differential inequality, the global exponential synchronization of MWCNNs with time-varying delays is considered under impulsive control. Finally, two numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results.