美国数学学会期刊分析及其对中国数学领域学会办刊的启示

【目的】 分析美国数学学会期刊出版布局、刊群建设和学会对期刊发展所起的作用,为我国数学领域学会期刊建设提供参考。【方法】 采用文献分析法和网络调研法,研究美国数学学会期刊建设情况,并总结我国数学领域学会的期刊发展现状和特点。【结果】 创办新刊,发行电子期刊,OA出版,期刊集团化、集群化发展,建立国际化出版平台,建立评奖制度等是美国数学学会促进期刊发展采取的措施。我国数学领域学会在期刊出版、数字化平台建设及国际化发展方面有待进一步提高。【结论】 采取优化科技期刊出版结构布局、推进科技期刊集群化发展、打造具有国际竞争力的数字化学术出版和传播平台、加大对期刊的宣传推介和政策扶持力度等策略,可促进我国数学领域科技期刊发展。     

The representation of fraction magnitudes and the whole number bias reconsidered

Two experiments investigated the whole number bias in the representation of fraction magnitudes with adults. A fraction magnitude comparison task was used where half of the comparisons were consistent with whole number ordering and the other half were not. Distance effects were found in Experiment 1 indicating that participants were comparing the magnitude of the whole fraction rather than just the parts. However, accuracy and response time also depended on the comparisons' consistency with whole number ordering. Experiment 2 manipulated the distance between the fraction pairs and showed that the whole number effect was strongest when the distance between the fraction pairs was very small. The results suggest that even skilled adults do not always have direct access to a fraction's magnitude on the number line. When the magnitudes are especially close together, adults may rely on alternative implicit or explicit strategies, such as examining the whole number parts, to evaluate the comparison.     

Mathematical language and mathematical abilities in preschool: A systematic literature review

It is well established that early general language during preschool is critical for children's mathematical abilities. In an attempt to further characterize this association between language and mathematics, an increasing number of studies show that one specific type of language, namely mathematical language or the key linguistic concepts that are required for performing mathematical activities, is even more critical to children's mathematical abilities. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the evidence on mathematical language and mathematical abilities. We focus on preschool children as nearly all of the existing work has been done at this age. We first explain how mathematical language has been defined across studies, and report how it has been evaluated in studies in preschool. Next, we present the results of our systematic review. Following the PRISMA guidelines and after a critical appraisal, we ended with a set of 18 papers that were all of sufficient methodological quality. In these studies, mathematical language was defined as terms that are about numbers and operations on numbers (e.g., nine), but also included linguistic terms that do not directly refer to numbers, yet are important to understand mathematical concepts (i.e., quantitative and spatial terms such as fewest and middle, respectively). Some of these studies evaluated children's performance on mathematical language tasks, while others evaluated the mathematical language input provided to the child by their (educational) environment (teachers/parents/interventionists). Mathematical language correlated positively with children's mathematical abilities, concurrently and longitudinally. It also directly affected children's mathematical abilities, as was shown by intervention studies. We discuss potential directions for future research and highlight implications for education, arguing for more support for teachers and parents to improve the use of mathematical language in the classroom and in home settings.     

基于山东省高等学校在线开放课程的教学改革--以“概率论与数理统计”课程为例

基于信息技术在教育领域的飞速提升,在线课程融入课堂势在必行。混合式教学是目前高等教育教学改革的热点。山东中医药大学教学改革团队依据培养应用型人才的毕业要求,对“概率论与数理统计”课程进行了混合式教学改革。“概率论与数理统计”课程知识点多且内容抽象,课堂容量较大,从而导致传统课堂重知识技能的传授,难以展开知识的应用,这进一步导致学生学习兴趣不高。另外,课程思政元素的融入也是一个亟待解决的问题。首先将知识点拆分,重构知识框架,建成山东省高等学校在线开放课程“医药数理统计”,在此基础上将智慧树平台翻转教学互动工具用于课堂教学,改革成果初见成效。     

独立学院数学建模培训模式的探索与改革

随着独立学院的蓬勃发展,独立学院报名参加数学建模竞赛的队伍越来越多,但很多学院的成绩不理想。本文从数学建模的培训模式这方面出发,根据近几年的实践,总结了教改的经验,提出了一套有效的培训模式。     

数学分析教学中的若干意见

时高师数学分析的教学进行了探讨和研究，有针对性的提出了数学分析教学中应贯彻的六个“注重”：即注重引导学生主动建构数学分析知识结构；注重“良好的开始等于成功的一半”，讲好ε-语言；注重数学活动过程的教学；注重教学思想方法的教学，贯彻理论性与应用性相结合的原则；注重体系的内在统一，打破理论本身的封闭性和知识结构的单一性；注重发挥习题课的作用，上好习题课。     

Socially shared metacognition of dyads of pupils in collaborative mathematical problem-solving processes

This study investigated how metacognition appears as a socially shared phenomenon within collaborative mathematical word-problem solving processes of dyads of high-achieving pupils. Four dyads solved problems of different difficulty levels. The pupils were 10 years old. The problem-solving activities were videotaped and transcribed in terms of verbal and nonverbal behaviours as well as of turns taken in communication (N = 14 675). Episodes of socially shared metacognition were identified and their function and focus analysed. There were significantly more and longer episodes of socially shared metacognition in difficult as compared to moderately difficult and easy problems. Their function was to facilitate or inhibit activities and their focus was on the situation model of the problem or on mathematical operations. Metacognitive experiences were found to trigger socially shared metacognition.     

影响山区少数民族学生数学问题提出能力的因素分析——以广西贺州市土瑶族群为例

调查研究发现山区少数民族学生的居住环境、家庭环境、传统教育环境、学校环境、教师素质、学生的兴趣、语言以及个性心理等因素直接影响着数学问题提出能力的提高。     

制约逻辑在人工智能中的应用

本文从数理逻辑对人工智能发展的局限出发,分析了制约逻辑与人工智能的辩证关系,最后总结了制约逻辑为人工智能的智能模拟提供了理论基础和推理作用。     

矩阵理论在企业文化评价中的应用

数学文化在企业管理中发挥着重要作用,推动着企业管理科学化的进程;通过建立一类机能管理矩阵并论述其在丰田生产方式（TPS：Toyota Production System）中的评价与企业“经营系统最适再设计”中的数据库作用,阐述数学文化与企业文化的有机联系。