A Patient-centered Approach to Breaking Bad News: Communication Guidelines for Health Care Providers

This investigation takes a patient-centered approach to examining strategies physicians use to deliver bad news to patients. Qualitative data were obtained from 68 patients who had received a message they perceived as negative information from a health care provider. Through grounded theory methodology, patient accounts were examined to reveal four provider strategies for breaking bad news. This investigation underscores the importance of using effective communication strategies to achieve patient satisfaction and compliance.     

立片言以警策:新闻标题的炼字锻句问题

现代传播媒介已不仅限于传统的平面媒体(报纸)一端,传媒形式的多样化特别是网络的发达,使得各种新闻的总量成为真正的海量。在这信息爆炸的时代,在各种新闻"泛滥成灾"的情况下,如何将某一有价值的新闻及时有效地传达给受众,让其发挥应有的作用,就成为考验新闻写作者或新闻编辑者语言表达智慧的一道无可回避的试题。为了使所要传播的新闻最大限度地为受众了解,新闻写作者或新闻编辑者就必须在新闻标题的炼字锻句方面下功夫,注意表达技巧,在第一时间内迅速抓住受众的注意力。新闻标题需要讲究表达技巧,但要遵循"自然"、"贴切"的原则,不能"为修辞而修辞"。     

“People Killing People on the News”: Young Children's Descriptions of Frightening Television News Content

This article investigated children's fear responses to everyday exposure to the news in the absence of a recent crisis or major event. From March to May 2006, a survey was conducted of 218 kindergarten through 6th-grade children regarding their fright reactions to the news. Results showed that 35.3% of children reported being frightened by the news. Reporting on what frightened them in their own words, children most frequently mentioned natural disasters (24.7% of children frightened), followed by kidnappings (10.4% of children frightened), the Iraq War (7.8%), and burglaries (7.8%). A qualitative analysis suggests that some children have vivid memories of disturbing news content. The accessibility of television in children's households was not related to news exposure or fear. Implications for parental guidance and research methods are discussed.     

试谈“黄金分割”在摄影构图中的应用

“黄金分割”又称中外比、黄金律,是个数学命题,中世纪后,成为一种美学观点。“黄金分割”在摄影平面构图中的应用体现在视平线位置的确定、主轴线的确定及模特在画面上所占的比例,在立体构图中的应用应注意拍摄角度的选择及拍摄活动的活泛性。     

《中文新闻信息分类与代码》复分表评介——兼与《中国图书馆分类法》比较

《中文新闻信息分类与代码》是我国第一部以国家标准形式颁布的新闻分类法,由于主表类目只有5 000多条,复分表在提高标引能力方面具有重要作用。以新闻信息分类为例,对《中文新闻信息分类与代码》的复分表进行较为全面的介绍,并与《中国图书馆分类法》(文中简称“《中图法》”)的复分表进行比较,体会到《中文新闻信息分类与代码》复分表具有鲜明的新闻特色,使用方便。同时也提出复分表中的一些可商榷之处及相应的建议,供完善新闻分类法参考。     

试析新闻媒体对职业体育赛事推广与发展的影响

随着竞技体育的开展越来越普及,许多项目都在走职业化发展道路,在对市场资源争夺与竞争空前激烈的前提下遇到了各种各样的新问题,其中之一就是项目如何定位,以什么形象走入市场,也就是对赛事如何进行推广、宣传和运作,媒体在开发和培育有市场潜力的职业体育赛事过程中起到了哪些作用,本文试图对这些问题进行分析与讨论。结果认为,新闻媒体为职业体育赛事提供了一个宣传与创作的平台,当前火爆的职业体育赛事如NBA、世界杯足球赛、网球大满贯、拳王争霸赛等都是与新闻媒体的介入分不开的。职业体育赛事的推广与发展需要借助媒体的力量,媒体对体育赛事的报道,能引起广大观众的关注,激发体育迷的热情并“制造”明星。媒体也因报道赛事而增加了自身的价值与读者数量,新闻媒体与职业体育赛事之间建立起来的相互作用、相互依赖的关系越来越密切。     

News recommender systems – Survey and roads ahead

More and more people read the news online, e.g., by visiting the websites of their favorite newspapers or by navigating the sites of news aggregators. However, the abundance of news information that is published online every day through different channels can make it challenging for readers to locate the content they are interested in. The goal of News Recommender Systems (NRS) is to make reading suggestions to users in a personalized way. Due to their practical relevance, a variety of technical approaches to build such systems have been proposed over the last two decades. In this work, we review the state-of-the-art of designing and evaluating news recommender systems over the last ten years. One main goal of the work is to analyze which particular challenges of news recommendation (e.g., short item life times and recency aspects) have been well explored and which areas still require more work. Furthermore, in contrast to previous surveys, the paper specifically discusses methodological questions and today’s academic practice of evaluating and comparing different algorithmic news recommendation approaches based on accuracy measures.     

新闻公司化与利润最大化

20世纪八九十年代以来 ,传播公司的兼并浪潮此起彼伏 ,三大传播公司相继被收购兼并。本文认为这种媒体高度集中或垄断造成的新闻价值的削弱 ,新闻目标的偏离 ,无论对新闻从业者、受众还是国家而言都是灾难性的 ,因此必须采取必要的措施防范新闻垄断。     

Global Newsworthiness and Reversed Domestication

This study examines whether news broadcasts across nations are more cosmopolitan or parochial in their essence. To answer this question, the article proposes two unique theoretical concepts: “global newsworthiness” and “reversed domestication.” Global newsworthiness refers to news broadcasts that include ranges of countries, selected by several different reporting criteria. Reversed domestication refers to the connection made between the country of origin of the broadcasting media and the news content. Four television news networks were compared—CNN International, BBC World News, Al Jazeera English and France 24. The findings point to different levels of global newsworthiness and reversed domestication.     

Political Discussion,Political News,and Internet Use: Factors of Media Trust in South Korea

This study examines political and communicative factors predicting trust in mainstream newspapers and television by analyzing a set of survey data collected in South Korea. The results show that supporters of the opposition party are less likely to trust the mainstream news media than supporters of the ruling party. Daily Internet use negatively predicted trust in media only for nonpartisans. However, for supporters of the opposition party, daily Internet use moderated the interaction effect between political discussion and exposure to political news on trust in media.