Domesticating Computers and the Internet

The people who use computers and the ways they use them have changed substantially over the past 25 years. In the beginning highly educated people, mostly men, in technical professions used computers for work, but over time a much broader range of people are using computers for personal and domestic purposes. This trend is still continuing, and over a shorter time scale has been replicated with the use of the Internet. This paper uses data from four national surveys to document how personal computers and the Internet have become increasingly domesticated since 1995 and to explore the mechanisms for this shift. Now people log on more often from home than from places of employment and do so for pleasure and for personal purposes rather than for their jobs. Analyses comparing veteran Internet users to novices in 1998 and 2000 and analyses comparing the change in use within a single sample between 1995 and 1996 support two complementary explanations for how these technologies have become domesticated. Women, children, and less well-educated individuals are increasingly using computers and the Internet and have a more personal set of motives than well-educated men. In addition, the widespread diffusion of the PC and the Internet and the response of the computing industry to the diversity in consumers has led to a rich set of personal and domestic services.     

公众档案:一个正在兴起的研究领域

公众档案研究主要关注与公众档案有关的各种现象,是一个正在兴起的研究领域。从横向来看,公众档案研究包括三个聚焦点,即个人存档、民间文献与社群档案。从纵向来看,公众档案研究包括三个层面,即基础层、阐释层与应用层。公众档案研究的产生与发展,是社会实践发展与理论思潮演变的结果,深入开展公众档案研究有重要的理论意义与实践意义。     

图书馆的个人信息保护义务及立法完善

图书馆是个人信息保护的重要场所,一些国家和地区对图书馆的读者个人信息保护义务有相关规定,但是法律层次不高。我国现行法律虽已将个人信息纳入民事权益加以保护,但立法上欠缺完善的配套规定。因此,我国图书馆法中应当明确该义务及法律责任对推进图书馆法治建设的重要意义,在法律上明确规定图书馆个人信息保护的基本职责、利用读者个人信息的基本内容和程序、违反该义务应承担的法律责任。     

自“名”而“动” 由“人”及“物”——中国古代“媒介”概念的意义变迁

本文运用历史语义学方法,考察了媒介这一传播学关键词在古代中国的意义变迁过程,发现其最早见于西晋杜预的《春秋经传集解》,而非国内传播学教材中普遍认为的《旧唐书》。它最早的意思是媒人和引荐者,该词义在历史文献中一直延续下来,反映了古代中国人在人际传播中对于仪式感的重视。到晚清,媒介的词义发生变化:一是增加了动词的词性,并开始指代更宽泛意义的介绍人;二是超越了指代人的范畴,开始指代起连接、交流作用的事物。这种变化反映了人们传播观念的变化,其原因主要是封建社会的解体和外来文化的进入,这也导致了现代意义中的媒介概念在近代文献中的出现。     

论冯小刚贺岁电影之十六年蜕变——比较《甲方乙方》与《私人定制》两部影片

跨越十六年之久的两部影片《甲方乙方》与《私人定制》,在导演、编剧、剧本及主演葛优的诸多相似性下进行对比,具有深远意义。将两部影片进行对比可以看做是对冯小刚电影事业的一个检验。文章从电影的外围环境设置和内部内容设置的两个维度展开分析,着重阐释《私人定制》较之《甲方乙方》的蜕变之处,以此论述冯氏电影的得与失。     

信用经济建设视角下我国人事档案制度改革研究

本文对信用经济建设时期我国人事档案制度的尴尬、我国人事档案制度尴尬境遇的成因、我国人事档案制度的改革路径等问题作了阐述.     

An approach to web-based Personal Health Records filtering using fuzzy prototypes and data quality criteria

Nowadays, new ways of managing and accessing to health-care information are continuously appearing. Web-based Personal Health Records (web PHRs) have the potential to make data about health-care available to clinicians, researchers and students in different medical contexts and applications. Therefore, the amount of web PHRs accessible through Internet has grown enormously and as a result health-care professionals are currently burdened with more and more data. It’s probable that these data, unfortunately, have not always the adequate levels of quality, making that their work cannot always be as successful as expected. As a way of alleviating this fact, the present work is focused on improving the document filtering results in the context of web PHRs management. To achieve this goal, a new kind of document filtering model is proposed. This model is based on fuzzy prototypes which are defined by means of conceptual prototypes. These prototypes are obtained by using a data quality analysis of documents. This analysis guarantees that filtered information will be relevant enough for the information user. The complete model provides an efficient strategy of document filtering that can be very useful when it is necessary to deal with a constant flow of new information.     

网络时代隐私权保护的问题探究

隐私权是权利主体必不可少的排他性权利,也是人身权中的一项重要权利。在现代信息社会里,人们在享受网络所带来的便捷的同时,隐私权也正在面临极大的挑战。我国应当结合国情以及国外先进立法经验,通过确认隐私权的新类型、实行实名制、谋求国际一体化解决等方式,使隐私权在网络时代背景下能够得到切实的保障。     

网格环境下个人数字图书馆信息检索策略

P2P技术和Z39.50协议在个人数字图书馆信息检索策略模型中有机结合,有助于充分实现分布式个人数字图书馆的检索、交互功能。构建P2P个人数字图书馆网络,实现个人数字图书馆信息检索,需要利用中间件技术将P2P技术、Z39.50协议(包括SRW/SRU)和个人数字图书馆软件捆绑在一起。图2。参考文献13。     

Closing the Distance: Bringing a Personal Librarian Program to Online Learners

ABSTRACT

In an effort to bridge the gap between the one-on-one attention that students receive when they come into the library and the attention given to online learners, the University of West Florida Libraries added an online learner component to its Personal Librarian Program. Personal librarian programs provide an opportunity for individualized outreach to students and can be particularly beneficial to online learners who may not receive it otherwise. While much of the literature on outreach to online students focuses on embedded librarianship, a personal librarian program emphasizes a direct connection and fosters an independent and strong relationship between the librarian and the student. The implementation of a personal librarian program for online learners by the University of West Florida has had successes and challenges that illuminate lessons for other institutions considering implementations of similar programs.