略谈影响H2O2分解的因素

本文主要是对H2O2的稳定性进行了一定程度的探讨．特别是对一些物质作为催化剂催化分解H2O2．以及在不同温度和碱度务件下H2O2的稳定性与无其它物质时的对比．从而得出一些有益于教学与科研的结论。     

用S_(BET)、XRD和SEM研究钒系催化剂的表面性质

本文报道了利用S_(BZT)XRD和SEM技术研究含有各种助剂的钒系催化剂的表面性质.获得了许多重要的微观信息,从而为研究石油化学工业中的重要催化剂的催化机理提供了可靠的保证.     

DETERMINATION OF A SIMPLIFIED MODEL AND ITS APPLICATION FOR A COMMERCIAL-SCALE RDS REACTOR SYSTEM

For the reasons of safety and economy,it is desirable to be able to makeon-line predictions of the catalyst deactivation curve in RDS reactor system.Sinceon-line prediction methods are based on models,it becomes neccssary to determine themodel parameters for the real system.In order to facilitate this estimation of parameters,an RDS model,which was obtained from detail mass and energy balances,isparameterized and simplified.The coking effect of catalyst deactivation in our model isdescribed by a simple function,in which the number of parameters involved can be re-duced,from the model's original fifteen,to ten.A method for determining the values of theparameters in the simplified model by the nonlinear programming method is proposed,and finally leading to an on-line deactivation curve forecast.     

氯化铁催化合成羧酸酯

以氯化铁为催化剂，对羧酸酯化反应进行了研究。考察了反应条件对酯化产率的影响。结果表明，氯化铁具有较高的催化活性，是可以代替硫酸的酯化催化剂。在最佳反应条件下，所研究酯的产率达85－97％。     

相转移催化合成溴代正辛烷

研究了相转移催化合成溴代正辛烷的工艺，分析了催化剂的用量、物料配比、反应温度、反应时间对收率的影响．通过实验我们得出，相转移催化合成溴代正辛烷时，催化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的催化效果要较聚乙二醇好，故在相转移催化合成溴代正辛烷时，用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为催化剂，适宜的合成条件为：正辛醇与氢溴酸与十六烷三甲基溴化铵的摩尔比为1：1．5：0.005，加热回流3h，此时蒸馏得199-201℃的馏分，反应的收率为99％．     

Synthesis of Dimethyl-2,6-Naphthalene Dicarboxylate by Esterification Catalyzed by Sodium Tungstate

The process of synthesis of dimethyl-2,6-naphthalene dicaboxylate from esterification of 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid (2,6-NDCA) by methanol using sodium tungstate as catalyst was investigated. The orthogonal tests method was used for optimizing the process factors. The effects of reaction temperature, mass percentage of catalyst, reaction time and mass ratio of methanol to 2,6-NDCA on the 2,6-NDCA conversion were investigated. It was found that all the four factors had significant effect on the conversion. The optimum reaction conditions were reaction temperature 215℃ ,mass percentage of catalyst 356, reaction time 3 h, mass ratio of methanol to 2,6-NDCA 6: 1. The 2,6-NDCA conversion at above condition was 92. 80％.     

磷钨杂多酸催化合成乙酸异戊酯的研究

杂多酸作为催化剂，因其性能独特及环境污染小而引起人们广泛的关注。本文以合成的磷钨杂多酸作为催化剂，对乙酸异戊酯的合成进行了系统研究。考察了反应时间、催化剂用量、醇酸摩尔比等对酯化反应的影响。结果表明，在冰乙酸用量为0．10moL，醇酸摩尔比为1．5，催化剂用量为70mg，反应时间为90分钟且以正己烷为带水剂的条件下，酯化产率可达96．8％，乙酸异戊酯的收率达84％。并考察了催化剂的重复使用对酯化率的影响。     

壳聚糖硫酸盐催化合成苯甲酸乙酯

研究了以壳聚糖硫酸盐作为催化剂，由苯甲酸和乙醇为原料合成苯甲酸乙酯的反应条件，重点讨论了催化剂用量、酸醇摩尔比与反应时间对酯化率的影响。实验表明，壳聚糖硫酸盐是合成苯甲酸乙酯的良好催化剂，且可重复使用。通过正交试验确定最佳反应条件为：催化剂用量为苯甲酸用量的4．1％；醇酸摩尔比为5：l；反应时间为3h。此条件下，酯化率为86．5l％。     

Synthesis of Dimethyl-2,6-Naphthalene Dicarboxylate by Esteriflcation Catalyzed by Sodium Tungstate

The process of synthesis of dimethyl-2,6-naphthalene dicaboxylate from esterification of 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid (2,6-NDCA) by methanol using sodium tungstate as catalyst was investigated. The orthogonal tests method was used for optimizing the process factors. The effects of reaction temperature, mass percentaga of catalyst, reaction time and mass ratio of methanol to 2,6-NDCA on the 2,6-NDCA conversion were investigated. It was found that all the four factors had significant effect on the conversion. The optimum reaction conditions were reaction temperature 215 °C ,mass percentage of catalyst 3%, reaction time 3 h, mass ratio of methanol to 2,6-NDCA 6: 1. The 2,6-NDCA conversion at above condition was 92.80%.     

合成甲醇催化剂的发展综述

介绍了甲醇合成催化剂由最初的含铬催化剂，经铜基催化剂，发展到现在非铜基催化剂的发展过程．其中铜基催化剂在甲醇合成中占有主导地位，并从活性位和添加助剂钾和锆三方面做了详细的说明．