植物组织细胞培养的研究进展

综述植物组织和细胞培养技术在快速繁殖,花药培养和单倍体育种,胚胎培养,人工种子制造,植物药物及其它生物制品的生产,植物细胞突变体筛选,原生质培养,体细胞杂交等方面取得的进展.指出植物组织细胞培养中存在的主要问题并提出了相应的对策.     

银针、艾灸治疗软组织损伤的疗效观察

通过采用银针加艾灸的方法,对106名运动员急慢性软组织损伤的治疗效果进行观察,发现疗效优良者占80.19％,中占16.98％,差占2.83％。由于银针的针体较粗,导热性能良好,针灸后可改善受伤部位微循环,具明显镇痛作用,疗效较好。     

Indirect evidence of human skeletal muscle damage and collagen breakdown after eccentric muscle actions

Indirect markers of muscle damage and collagen breakdown were recorded for up to 9 days after a bout of concentric, followed by a bout of eccentric, muscle actions. Nine untrained participants performed two bouts of 50 maximum effort repetitions on an isokinetic dynamometer (angular velocity 1.05 rad.s-1, range of motion 1.75 rad). An initial concentric bout of muscle actions was followed by an eccentric bout 21 days later, using the same knee extensors. Concentric actions induced no changes in maximum voluntary isometric contraction force (MVC),nor induced any changes in the serum enzyme activities of creatine kinase, a lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme (LDH-1), or alkaline phosphatase. Similarly, concentric actions induced no change in markers of collagen breakdown,namely plasma hydroxyproline and serum type 1 collagen concentration.In contrast,eccentric actions induced a 23.5 ± 19.0% (mean ± s) decrease in MVC immediately post-exercise (P< 0.05), and increased the serum enzyme activities of creatine kinase and LDH-1 to 486 ± 792 and 90 ± 11 IU.l-1 respectively on day 3 post-exercise, and to 189 ± 159 and 96 ±13 IU.l-1 respectively on day 7 post-exercise (all P < 0.05). Eccentric actions induced no significant changes in plasma hydroxyproline, but increased collagen concentration on days 1 and 9 post-exercise (48.6% and 44.3% increases above pre-exercise on days 1 and 9 respectively; both P < 0.05). We conclude that eccentric but not concentric actions may result in temporary muscle damage, and that collagen breakdown may also be affected by eccentric actions. With caution, indices of collagen breakdown may be used to identify exercise-induced damage to connective tissue.     

珍稀植物鹅掌楸组织培养与离体快繁技术研究

鹅掌楸是优良绿化与优质用材的野生珍稀植物之一,采野生多年生植物的冬芽为外殖体,以春芽、叶片、叶柄、花蕾和果实作对照,用MS为基本培养基,以1/2MS作对比,研究鹅掌楸的组织培养快繁技术。结果表明,初代培养最适为:MS 2.5 mg/L6-BA 1.0 mg/L IBA 0.2 mg/L KT,增殖与继代培养最适为:MS 1.0 mg/L6-BA 0.5 mg/L IBA;将组织培养苗扦插在有机腐殖质土和珍珠岩(3:1)基质中,瓶外生根率达83.3%以上。     

Application of new tissue microarrayer-ZM-1 without recipient paraffin block

The ZM-1 tissue microarrayer designed by our groups is manufactured in stainless steel and brass and contains many features that make TMA (tissue microarray) paraffin blocks construction faster and more convenient. By means of ZM-1 tissue microarrayer, biopsy needles are used to punch the donor tissue specimens respectively. All the needles with the punched specimen cylinders are arrayed into the array-board, with an array of small holes dug to fit the needles. All the specimen cylinders arraying and the TMA paraffin block shaping are finished in only one step so that the specimen cylinders and the paraffin of the TMA block can very easily be incorporated and the recipient paraffin blocks need not be made in advance, and the paraffin used is the same as that for conventional pathology purpose. ZM-1 tissue microarrayer is easy to be manufactured, does not need any precision location system, and so is much cheaper than the currently used instrument. Our method's relatively cheap and simple ZM-1 tissue microarrayer technique of constructing TMA paraffin block may facilitate popularization of the TMA technology. Project (No. G1998051200) supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China     

运动与共轭亚油酸对青春期肥胖大鼠内脏脂肪及肝肾功能的影响

目的：探讨运动与CLA对青春期肥胖大鼠内脏脂肪及肝肾功能的影响。方法：高脂饲养大鼠建模7周后,取24只肥胖大鼠随机分成4组,每组6只,分别为对照组、CLA组、运动组、运动＋CLA组。运动方案为跑台坡度0°,速度为21-25 m/min,总运动时间60min/天,5次/周,给药方案为运动后即刻灌喂1.6g/kg剂量的CLA,共持续干预8周。干预结束后麻醉大鼠采集血液及组织,测肝肾功能和内脏脂肪重量。结果：8周干预后,运动组、运动＋CLA组的体重、内脏脂肪重量及体脂率均明显低于对照组、CLA 组（P＜0.01,P＜0.05）,对照组和CLA组无明显差异（P〉0.05）;对照组、运动组、运动＋CLA组谷草转氨酶和谷草丙比数值明显高于CLA组（P＜0.01）,其他组别之间无明显差异（P＞0.05）;运动组、运动＋CLA组血尿素氮和肌酐较对照组、CLA 组有变化,但无明显差异（P＞0.05）。结论：8周运动与 CLA干预可有效降低青春期肥胖大鼠体重、内脏脂肪重量、体脂率,运动结合CLA能显著减少内脏脂肪含量,增加瘦体重,降低体脂率,具有明显的减肥效果。运动和CLA干预有一定的保肝作用,对肾脏功能无明显影响。