幼儿文学作品中的反复艺术研究

反复是幼儿文学作品中常用的表现手法,具有使用频率高、分布密度大、形式丰富独特等艺术特征。幼儿文学作品中反复手法的运用与幼儿的思维特征、文学能力和审美心理密切相关。高频率高密度反复手法的运用,契合了幼儿特殊的文学能力的需要;丰富独特的反复形式,强化了作品的游戏色彩,满足了幼儿追求游戏的审美心理。     

反复:《廊桥遗梦》语言的陌生化

"陌生化"是俄国形式主义的核心概念。俄国形式主义提倡用"陌生语言",即对日常语言进行有组织的"强暴"达到"文学性"的效果。《廊桥遗梦》语言的"陌生化"主要表现在大量地使用反复。     

英语口语交际中冗余的语用功能

文章从语用学的角度,探讨了英语口语交际中冗余的语用功能,旨在帮助读者提高运用冗余的能力,使冗余能够更好地为日常交际服务。     

The Effect of In-Season Traditional and Explosive Resistance Training Programs on Strength,Jump Height,and Speed in Recreational Soccer Players

Purpose: Resistance training is often performed in a traditional training style using deliberate relatively longer repetition durations or in an explosive training style using maximal intended velocities and relatively shorter repetition durations. Both improve strength, “power” (impulsivity), and speed. This study compared explosive and traditional training over a 6-week intervention in 30 healthy young adult male recreational soccer players. Method: Full body supervised resistance training was performed 2 times a week using 3 sets of each exercise at 80% of one repetition maximum to momentary failure. Outcomes were Smith machine squat 1 repetition maximum, 10 meter sprint time, and countermovement jump. Results: Both groups significantly improved all outcomes based on 95% confidence intervals not crossing zero. There were no between-group differences for squat 1 RM (TRAD = 6.3[5.1 to 7.6] kg, EXP = 5.2[3.9 to 6.4] kg) or 10 meter sprint (TRAD = ?0.05[?0.07 to ?0.04] s, EXP = ?0.05[?0.06 to ?0.03] s). Explosive group had a significantly greater increase in countermovement jump compared to the traditional group (TRAD = 0.7[0.3 to 1.1] cm, EXP = 1.3[0.9 to 1.7] cm). Conclusion: Both the traditional training and explosive training performed to momentary failure produced significant improvements in strength, speed, and jump performance. Strength gains are similar independent of intended movement speed. However, speed and jump performance changes are marginal with resistance training.     

Repetition Increases Children's Comprehension of Television Content—Up to a Point

Two studies examined the effects of repeated viewing on children's comprehension of videos. In Study 1, 72 children aged 6–8 watched The Sword in the Stone. Afterwards, children who had seen the film before were compared with those for whom the film was novel. In Study 2, 291 children aged 4–8, watched one of two versions of a short story in which the main character's appearance was incongruous with her behavior. Children were tested after one or four exposures. Results of both studies indicated that repetition reduced initial developmental differences in comprehension and helped younger children inhibit the perceptual salience of characters’ appearance. However, children's understanding of the more complex causal sequences and the moral of the film in Study 1 remained low, despite prior exposure.     

反复的美学哲学思考

反复作为一种修辞方法被接受和认可,其实忽略了美学甚至于哲学层面上所具有的内涵。反复不仅具有形式美意义上的美学特质,而且具有优美与崇高、悲剧与喜剧等美学潜因。认真研究反复所具有的美学内涵,并在哲学层面上进行省思,不仅对充分认识反复本身,而且对于美学发展都具有一定的积极意义。     

英语辞格REPETITION与相关汉语修辞格的对比及其翻译

英语辞格Repetition是一种常用的结构上的修辞手法,主要分为七种形式.汉语修辞格中的反复也是被普遍运用的常见修辞手段,可分为三种形式.本文以英汉、汉英对照的形式,分别说明两者的特点,并进行区别.文中还将Repetition与顶真及回环两种汉语修辞格做了对比,并对英语辞格Repetition和汉语修辞格反复的翻译技巧和规律进行调查.     

冗余成分的表现力——以《离骚》为例

冗余成分的使用是对常规句法结构的偏离,有违语言经济的一般法则。然而正是这种偏离,突显了某些语义内容,从而取得了非凡的修辞效果。《离骚》中大量使用了冗余成分,包括使用语气词、同义反复、以及句法成分的复指,修辞效果鲜明突出。     

修辞构式中名词复现的条件及其语用功能

修辞构式中,名词的复现属于非常规性复现。前位名词与后位名词同形异质。名词之所以能够复现是因为构式和语境为其提供了外部条件,但根本原因是在于构式中提取使用了名词的属性义。名词复现可以突出表述重点,表达主观评价,也可以强化关联,补偿表义。修辞构式中的名词复现体现了名词的自足性。     

Measuring the holes of the ship: Global cost estimations of internal inefficiency in primary education

Using UNESCO-UIS data, this paper estimates the costs of internal inefficiency caused by dropouts and repetitions in primary education. Multiple imputation method is found essential to accurately estimate the costs of internal inefficiency. Globally, 8.1% of total public expenditure for primary education was wasted in 2011, a 3.4 percentage-point decrease from 2002. However, during the same period, total value of wastage increased by two billion USD to 32.6 billion USD, five times higher than total aid for primary education towards developing countries. Sub-Saharan Africa remains as the region with significant needs for improvement in internal inefficiency.