非环境类专业《环境学概论》课程改革与实践

结合非环境类专业《环境学概论》教学过程中发现的问题,从教学内容、教学方法与手段和实践教学等方面进行教学改革与实践的探索,旨在激发学生的学习兴趣,提高教学效果。     

浅谈科技英语的特点

每一种文体都有各自的特点及规律，科技英语也不例外，本文通过对科技英语的分析，主要探讨了科技英语在词汇，语法，修辞三个方面的特点。     

“计算机科学哲学”研究论纲

为了应答计算机对传统和现时哲学观念的冲击和挑战,适应计算机科学自身进一步发展的内在需要,建立一门以计算机科学的哲学问题为对象的新科学哲学———"计算机科学哲学",已日益成为必要与可能。计算机科学哲学是关于人脑(或心智)与计算机(或机器)的相互作用关系的过程、机制及其规律的研究。其方法主要有现象学方法、进化论方法、启发式方法和跨学科方法。     

Intersections of life histories and science identities: the stories of three preservice elementary teachers

Grounded within Connelly and Clandinin’s conceptualization of teachers’ professional identity in terms of ‘stories to live by’ and through a life-history lens, this multiple case study aimed to respond to the following questions: (a) How do three preservice elementary teachers view themselves as future science teachers? (b) How have the participants’ life histories shaped their science identity trajectories? In order to characterize the participants’ formation of science identities over time, various data regarding their life histories in relation to science were collected: science biographies, self-portraits, interviews, reflective journals, lesson plans, and classroom observations. The analysis of the data illustrated how the three participants’ identities have been in formation from the early years of their lives and how various events, experiences, and interactions had shaped their identities through time and across contexts. These findings are discussed alongside implications for theory, specifically, identity and life-history intersections, for teacher preparation, and for research related to explorations of beginning elementary teachers’ identity trajectories.     

目标法教学在《电子线路》课堂教学中的应用

针对解决教师满堂灌,学生被动学的问题,提出了运用目标教学法,使学生对枯燥难懂的内容有了分层、分步的理解和掌握。     

关于提高软件质量方法的探讨

为提高计算机软件质置、保证软件安全性和准确地评估软件质量。运用目标分析最优指标法。分析并建立了软件质量的层次评价模型,得出了量化的质量评价值。     

Pick a Number … Any Number?

A recent classroom revelation caused us to reconsider the adequacy of the instructions offered in our textbooks for one of our most elementary quantitative methods. Specifically, we found that many students were mystified concerning how to pick an initial objective function value when plotting an isoprofit line in order to graphically solve a linear programming problem. We observed that this seemingly insignificant issue was causing a surprising amount of wasted time, confusion, and even anxiety. Our experience indicated that students do not necessarily possess any consistent intuition for choosing an appropriate initial value. We confirmed this perception through informal experimentation. We reviewed several textbooks and found that most simply do not bother to address this issue. Therefore, we devised a simple, comprehensible method which we have taught our students to resolve or avoid this problem. Although we quickly found the method to be helpful for many students, we conducted an experiment to formally measure its effect.     

Flight turbulence: the stormy professional trajectory of trainee early years’ teachers in England

This paper documents trainees’ ‘flight turbulence’ as they negotiate the complexities that lie between ‘the self’ and the securing of Early Years Teaching Status in England. Early Years Teachers, besides teaching, are expected to lead improvements to the quality of provision. However, drawing on interview data, an impasse is discerned where ideas meet instrumental policy in practice. Trainees are often unable to reshape the meeting of theory, policy and practice, and struggle in finding teaching approaches which they are comfortable with ethically. Drawing on Holland et al.’s concept of ‘figured worlds’, it is suggested that the development of theory-informed practice should not be seen as a solitary task for the student but as a dialogic though difficult conversation involving the student, university staff and placement practitioners. Dialogism is seen as requiring persistence but as offering opportunities for beginning early years’ teachers, with support from teacher educators and experienced practitioners, to negotiate the challenging spaces between policy, theory and beliefs as they seek to construct, deconstruct and reconstruct ethical professional identities for themselves.     

双语评价：Look before you leap

双语教育评价是双语课程改革的核心内容。要搞好双语课程实验，必须做到“评价先行”。正因为评价的导向作用，在实际操作中更应该“三思而行”。要搞好双语教育评价，让评价的功能实现从“棍子”、“鞭子”到“尺子”、“旗子”的转变，就要解决“为什么”、“什么”和“怎么”的问题，找到简单易行、科学有效的评价办法。“作业式评价”就是好的评价办法之一。它是集模糊评价、整体评价、定性评价、发展性评价于一身的简单的评价方式。     

研究性学习对教师角色的要求及其师资准备

研究性学习可以有多种理解。但是就教师的要求而言,我们应站在综合性、开放性和生成性等更高更广的层次之上,就其观念、能力、方法、知识系统等多方面提出更新更高的角色要求。因此,基于生态取向而又立足于“校本”计划的师资准备,则是适应研究性学习的特点和要求,又是符合我国素质教育改革国情的重要举措。本文提出研究性学习对教师的观念、能力、方法、知识等四个方面的角色要求,并在此基础上提出师资准备方面的培训设计。