大学体育院系普修跨栏跑教学中踝部损伤的原因及预防

本文通过调查大学体育院系普修跨栏跑运动中,踝部发生损伤的机率及其损伤发生的阶段。从踝部的解剖结构特点,分析踝部运动损伤的原因,从中找出规律,并针对原因提出一些预防的方法,为教师在跨栏跑教学训练中减少学生踝部运动损伤提供理论依据。     

冰雪运动员伤残与医疗保险研究

运用保险学、管理学等基本理论,采用理论分析和调研等方法,借鉴发达国家体育保险的经验,分析了我国体育保险现状,认为冰雪运动员伤残、医疗保险存在缺乏应有的保险理念,缺乏法律、制度、机制上的有力支持,缺乏筹资渠道和专门人才,缺乏市场培育等主要问题;提出了树立尽快建立与完善冰雪运动员伤残、医疗保险体系的保障理念,建立健全相关的政策法规体系,积极培育保险市场、转变体育保险运作模式,积极培养专门的冰雪运动保险人才等对策,为健全我国冰雪运动的伤残、医疗保险体系提供理论参考。     

运动医学领域中的中医外治法

中医外治法原理是通过经络传导、皮肤、粘膜吸收药物达到治疗康复的目的。分析了几种中医外治法在运动医学领域中的应用特点,其中穴位中药离子导入是一种传统医学与现代新型给药技术相结合的方法,目前在运动医学领域中运用较少,经皮给药系统的治疗手段在消除运动疲劳、损伤治疗等方面将有很大的发展空间。     

女子足球运动员踝关节损伤的调查与分析

通过文献资料方法、调查问卷法等相关方法,对女子足球运动员的运动损伤的进行调查分析,结果显示女子足球运动员的踝关节损伤者较为普遍。对运动损伤的原因进行分析,并提出了相应的预防措施,加强健康保健意识等预防治疗措施,旨在一定程度上减少女子足球运动员的损伤发生。以最大限度减少足球运动中的踝关节损伤。     

高校羽毛球运动员膝关节损伤的调查分析

通过文献资料法,问卷调查法,数理统计法等对江苏省18届运动会高校组羽毛球运动员膝关节损伤现状及原因进行深入调查分析,为同类研究提供理论依据。     

Increasing hip and knee flexion during a drop-jump task reduces tibiofemoral shear and compressive forces: implications for ACL injury prevention training

Although most ACL injury prevention programmes encourage greater hip and knee flexion during landing, it remains unknown how this technique influences tibiofemoral joint forces. We examined whether a landing strategy utilising greater hip and knee flexion decreases tibiofemoral anterior shear and compression. Twelve healthy women (25.9 ± 3.5 years) performed a drop-jump task before and after a training session (10–15 min) that emphasised greater hip and knee flexion. Peak tibiofemoral anterior shear and compressive forces were calculated using an electromyography (EMG)-driven knee model that incorporated joint kinematics, EMG and participant-specific muscle volumes and patella tendon orientation measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Participants demonstrated a decrease in peak anterior tibial shear forces (11.1 ± 3.3 vs. 9.6 ± 2.7 N · kg^?1; P = 0.008) and peak tibiofemoral compressive forces (68.4 ± 7.6 vs. 62.0 ± 5.5 N · kg^?1; P = 0.015) post-training. The decreased peak anterior tibial shear was accompanied by a decrease in the quadriceps anterior shear force, while the decreased peak compressive force was accompanied by decreased ground reaction force and hamstring forces. Our data provide justification for injury prevention programmes that encourage greater hip and knee flexion during landing to reduce tibiofemoral joint loading.     

Bicycle rider control skills: expertise and assessment

Abstract

Research on how human balance and control bicycles are inconclusive, largely due to the small number of participants in the previous studies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the hypotheses that 1) cycling lateral deviation amplitude will reliably show differences between more and less experienced cyclists and 2) more experienced will exhibit slower and smaller steering motions compared to the less experienced cyclists. Twenty-eight experienced and inexperienced cyclists rode a bicycle in a straight line. Lateral deviation, steering and roll were measured. Intersession reliability of the deviation was high with Cronbach’s alpha values higher than 0.75. The amplitude, variability and rate of steering and roll parameters showed statistically significant differences between the groups. The test used in this study is sensitive to detect differences between more and less experienced cyclists and can be used for further research that aims to test the effect of a specific intervention addressing rider control. We also showed that steering and roll angle, which were described before as two of the main motor control actions in bicycle control, differ in the variability, amplitude and rate between more and less experienced cyclists. The results of the present study have practical implications for improving bicycle rider control and increasing the safety of cyclists.     

优秀散打运动员运动损伤心理学模型分析

采用调查与理论分析的方法研究50名优秀散打运动员的运动损伤心理学,结合运动损伤心理学理论,建立优秀散打运动员应激—损伤、交互理路、恢复理论心理学模型。结果表明,优秀散打运动员运动损伤心理学模型的建立加深了对散打运动员运动损伤心理学特征及各因素间关系的认识,对预防运动损伤及加速伤后身心康复具有重要意义。     

我国女排高水平后备人才常见运动损伤致因分析

通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等研究手段,对我国女排15支高水平后备人才队伍,共计218名运动员常见运动损伤的原因进行调查,结合排球运动项目的技术特点,以及研究对象的身心、技术与训练水平等群体特征,对其常见运动损伤的致伤因素从"直接因素和潜在因素"两方面加以分析。降低运动损伤对高水平后备人才培养带来的困扰,从规范技术动作、提高科学化训练水平和加强医务监督等角度提出建议。     

运动员前交叉韧带损伤的流行病学研究

１９９１年８月￣１９９３年９月对国家,省,市级等４７个人共６８１０名运动员进行了运动创伤流行病学调查,其中ＡＣＬ损伤３２例,癖发病率为０．４７％,损伤病因中技术失误伤首位,为５９．４％,上外与损伤（１５．６％）,场地（３．１％）等因素有关,全部病例均有不同程度的膝关节症状。尽管有３１％的人可参加正常训练,但５３．６％的同受到不同程度的影响,有些不得以停训或手术治疗。本文对ＡＣＬ损伤的致伤因素,诊断