二级VB应试技巧漫谈

二级VB考试分为笔试和上机两大部分，考生在掌握了各部分基础知识并进行大量的上机实践操作之后，再恰当地运用一些应试的基本技巧，必将极大地提高考试成绩。     

Predicting item difficulty of science national curriculum tests: the case of key stage 2 assessments

Predicting item difficulty is highly important in education for both teachers and item writers. Despite identifying a large number of explanatory variables, predicting item difficulty remains a challenge in educational assessment with empirical attempts rarely exceeding 25% of variance explained.

This paper analyses 216 science items of key stage 2 tests which are national sampling assessments administered to 11 year olds in England. Potential predictors (topic, subtopic, concept, question type, nature of stimulus, depth of knowledge and linguistic variables) were considered in the analysis. Coding frameworks employed in similar studies were adapted and employed by two coders to independently rate items. Linguistic demands were gauged using a computational linguistic facility. The stepwise regression models predicted 23% of the variance with extended constructed questions and photos being the main predictors of item difficulty.

While a substantial part of unexplained variance could be attributed to the unpredictable interaction of variables, we argue that progress in this area requires improvement in the theories and the methods employed. Future research needs to be centred on improving coding frameworks as well as developing systematic training protocols for coders. These technical advances would pave the way to improved task design and reduced development costs of assessments.     

基于Web数据库的JDBC应用开发

介绍了JDBC数据库接口的工作原理及数据库驱动方式，讨论了JDBC应用开发的基本方法。     

2-羟基-5-(4-磺酸基偶氮苯)-苯甲酸乙脂的合成

有机非线性光学材料的研究集中在有推拉电子结构(D-π-A)和分子内电荷转移的有机化合物，有机物的非线性光学效率应主要来自非定域的π电子，与无机非线性光学材料相比．具有较高的非线性系数和具有可设计、合成使材料多样化等诸多特点，偶氮化合物具有优良的光电性能。是一类很好的非线性光学生色基团．设计合成了具有D-π-A结构的偶氮化合物2-羟基5-(4-磺酸基偶氮苯)-苯甲酸乙脂。     

中国汉族人群中肾上腺素α2A受体基因多态性与右美托咪定心血管效应的相关性研究（英文）

目的:通过对右美托咪定静脉输注的临床研究,评价中国汉族人群中肾上腺素α2A受体基因多态性与右美托咪定心血管效应的相关性.创新点:探索右美托咪定的心血管系统反应与肾上腺素α2A受体基因多态性的关系,期望为临床个体化应用右美托咪定及其他α2受体激动剂提供重要的依据.方法:本研究取得单位伦理委员会的批准,所有受试者告知受试内容并签署知情同意书.60例美国麻醉医师协会Ⅰ-Ⅱ行择期手术汉族患者根据标准入选本研究.通过静脉输注右美托咪定,记录收缩压、舒张压、心率等心血管效应数据,并用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)法检测ADRA2A基因单核苷酸多态性.结论:中国汉族人群中肾上腺素α2A受体C-1291G基因多态性与应用右美托咪定后心率变化有相关性.     

基于J2EE Web Services的SSO系统的研究与设计

通过研究和探讨J2EEWeb服务技术,建立了中小企业信息化服务平台中的SSO系统。利用基于MVC的Struts技术实现了系统的架构;通过采用基于Session的用户会话跟踪技术,实现了统一认证服务的认证令牌;采用基于SSL的安全机制,保护了数据在传输时的完整性;另外,还研究了使用Web服务技术来进行各应用子系统的集成,实现了各应用子系统统一用户身份的认证。     

基于Web的网络课程教学虚拟实验室的设计与实现

本文介绍了一种采用网络和服务器构建基于Web的网络课程教学虚拟实验室的设计方法和实现步骤。该系统包括网络课程的大部分实验,解决了网络实验室设备少与学生多的矛盾。     

Psychometric defensibility of the Intervention Selection Profile‐Social Skills (ISP‐SS) with students at risk for behavioral concerns

The purpose of the current study was to examine the validity and diagnostic accuracy of the Intervention Selection Profile—Social Skills (ISP‐SS), a brief social skills assessment tool intended for use with students in need of Tier 2 intervention. Participants included 160 elementary and middle school students who had been identified through universal screening as at risk for behavioral concerns. Teacher participants ( n = 71) rated each of these students using both the ISP‐SS and the Social Skills Improvement System—Rating Scales (SSiS‐RS), with the latter measure serving as the criterion within validity and diagnostic accuracy analyses. Confirmatory factor analysis supported ISP‐SS structural validity, indicating ISP‐SS items broadly conformed to a single “Social Skills” factor. Follow‐up analyses suggested ISP‐SS broad scale scores demonstrated adequate internal consistency reliability, with hierarchical omega coefficient equal to 0.86. Correlational analyses supported the concurrent validity of ISP‐SS items, finding each ISP‐SS item to be moderately or highly related to its corresponding SSiS‐RS subscale. Finally, analyses indicated three of the seven ISP‐SS items that demonstrated sufficient diagnostic accuracy; however, findings suggest additional revisions are needed if the ISP‐SS is to be appropriate for use in schools. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.     

College Student Responses to Web and Paper Surveys: Does Mode Matter?

We examined the responses of 58,288 college students to 8 scales involving 53 items from the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) to gauge whether individuals respond differently to surveys administered via the Web and paper. Multivariate regression analyses indicated that mode effects were generally small. However, students who completed the Web-based survey responded more favorably than paper on all 8 scales. These patterns generally held for both women and men, and younger and older students. Interestingly, the largest effect was found for a scale of items involving computing and information technology.     

"应该1"与"应该2"的句法语义分析

“应该1”与“应该2”的出现经历了一定的历史发展过程.从句法结构上看,“应该1”与“应该2”有许多相似与区别的特征;从语义角度分析,“应该1”与“应该2”在语义上的区别更主要体现在句子主语和言者主语的相关性上面.