文化分层理论下我国国民体质下降的归因分析与省思

从文化分层理论的视野对我国国民体质下降的内在原因进行剖析,结果表明:文化深层结构"信仰层"中的不良"体育观"造成体育锻炼在主体需求中的等级与地位过低,导致参加体育锻炼人群的基数下降,进而致使国民体质持续下降;社会不良风气、家庭成员的不良"体育观"以及学校教育作用的缺失是导致人们不良"体育观"产生的主要因素.在省思中提出:解决国民体质下降的问题,其实是如何改善社会不良风气和杜绝不良"体育观"的产生问题,是需要找准问题的基点,"内外兼修";政策并不是解决社会人群不良"体育观"的产生以及社会不良风气蔓延的有效方法,学校体育教育则是解决问题的有效手段,但需要突破人们对体育课程价值的惯有意识,实现"育体"与"育心"的结合.需要破风易俗,改变体育教师的常规做法,提升学校体育教师敬业精神与责任意识.     

关于训练理论研究中若干方法论问题的思考

摘要：我国训练理论研究水平仍处在经验阶段,训练理论的治理迫在眉睫。运用文献资料法、逻辑法、时序法等研究方法,以科学技术哲学与复杂性科学为研究视角,从方法论层面试厘清训练理论研究中所出现的问题,以及未来研究趋向等问题。研究认为复杂性是认识训练规律的路径、科学理性是提升训练理论着眼点、学科交叉性是促进训练理论增长点、非线性是促使训练理论研究转型、整体性是表达训练理论的要义。通过提出超越传统意义上的方法论纲领,以期加快竞技体育治理体系和治理能力的现代化,适应国家竞技体育发展战略的需求;希冀训练理论对现代训练实践的要求做出科学地解释与说明,实现训练理论在实践中的应用性和操作性。     

社区—社会体育组织—社会体育指导员联动运行机制研究

摘要：主要采用文献资料法,以社会嵌入理论为视角,探析“社区—社会体育组织—社会体育指导员”联动运行机制及其实施过程中急需解决的核心问题和实施策略。研究提出：社区体育组织形式有效地吻合了全人群和全生命周期为立足点的全民健身要求;“社区—社会体育组织—社会体育指导员”联动运行必须以“社区嵌入社会”和“社会体育指导员嵌入社会”为理念,以社会体育组织为核心开展工作;联动运行不仅限于基层社区内部,而且还要通过以社会体育组织为核心纽带实现基层社区体育横向网络和国家、省、市级纵向网络交互联系的社区体育网络体系;联动运行的实践是政府规划体育公共服务项目并实施监管,社会体育组织实施项目,社会体育指导员全职融入社会体育组织提供人力资源保障;联动运行的关键是实现社会体育组织实体化和社会体育指导员职业化;联动的实施策略是通过在全社会实施认知性嵌入、文化性嵌入、政治性嵌入、结构性嵌入,构建与联动相适应的社会环境。为今后社区体育的组织与管理提供理论借鉴。     

不同关系港口间的博弈

为研究港口间存在的领导-追随、竞争-竞争、合作-合作和合作-竞争等多种关系对港口吞吐量和收益的影响,构建博弈模型分析比较不同关系下的港口的吞吐量和收益.研究结果表明:(1)对于处于领导地位的港口而言,在领导-追随关系下的收益和吞吐量大于在竞争-竞争关系下的吞吐量和收益;对处于追随地位的港口而言,情况恰好相反.(2)在主从关系中,虽然处于领导地位的港口有较大的先发优势,但港口双方也有合作的积极性.由于背叛行为可能会出现,政府应该加强对港口的监管.     

Initial Communication with and Attitudes toward International Students: Testing the Mediating Effects of Friendship Formation Variables

From the theoretical perspectives of intergroup contact, predicted outcome value (POV), and similarity-attraction, this study examined U.S. host nationals’ (N = 342) communicative behaviours in a recent initial encounter with an international student and attitudes toward the student’s cultural group as a whole. Testing of two models indicated the significant sequential mediator effects of perceived similarity-social attraction and POV-social attraction between communication variables (e.g. amount of communication exchange in both models, self-disclosure in model 1, and information seeking in model 2), and intergroup attitudes (e.g. behavioural attitudes). Findings in general demonstrated that contact effects in the intercultural context varied according to specific measures of communication, the mediating mechanisms, and intergroup attitudes.     

Relationship Understanding Between Emotional Stability,Self-Disclosure and Social Adjustment

This paper discusses a survey, carried out by the authors, of 211 employees’ employed in public and private manufacturing organizations in North India to determine if emotional stability acts as a mediator between self-disclosure and social adjustment. Capitalization theory has been used as theoretical framework to examine the proposed relationships. Results indicate that high self-disclosure has positive association with social adjustment. Results also suggest that emotional stability partially mediates self-disclosure and social adjustment relationship. Implications for future research include further examination through additional mediators and other dimensions of self-disclosure from capitalization theory in understudied non-U.S. cultures like India.     

基于模糊理论和大数据的医学院校学生体质健康测试结果分析

基于2014年国家最新颁布的《学生体质健康标准》和湖南省医学院校体测大数据,运用模糊理论,对其进行研究与分析。研究表明湖南省医学院校学生体质健康测试结果不太理想,主要集中在及格区域,达到优秀和良好的学生比例男生仅为1.68%、女生0.73%,且男生7.54%没有达到及格要求。     

Tinkering through transition: on ‘doctoring’ as an early-career academic in physical education and sport pedagogy

This article addresses the notion of ‘making it’ as an early-career academic in physical education and sport pedagogy. In it, we draw on the tradition of material semiotics to reflect on our shared journeys from doctoral student to beginning scholar and beyond. By attuning ourselves to the relationality, materiality and precariousness of our experiences, we offer an answer to the question of what it takes to ‘make it’ as an early-career academic by advocating the practice of ‘making do’ or ‘doctoring.’ We develop this argument, first, by describing the narrative methods we used to conduct our inquiry and by explaining the material-semiotic ideas we used to explore the stories it generated. Then, we tell tales of our transitions from higher degree research student to early-career academic, focusing specifically on our ongoing, collective efforts to make do. In our discussion, we explore these narratives and attend to three features of our actions and activities as early-career academics; namely semiotic relationality, material heterogeneity and the precarious processes of heterogeneous engineering through which we sought to make a career in our field. We conclude by encouraging beginning scholars in physical education and sport pedagogy to become sensitive to these aspects of their own agency, and to experiment, experience and tinker together in ways that are attentive, inventive, caring and persistent.     

‘Playing with space’: a conceptual basis for investigating active sport tourism practices

ABSTRACT

This paper proposes a conceptual tool, the expression ‘playing with space’, for the analysis of active sport tourism as a meaningful social practice. The expression issues from practice theories and pragmatic understandings of space, which emphasize the processual and contextual dimensions of human action and seek to seize altogether the corporealities and shared conceptions that constitute action. On such views, sport tourists are considered as reflexive and embodied beings, enjoying sensations, mobilities and places, and constantly (re)making sense of their own practices. I argue that the notion of ‘play’ allows for a comprehensive understanding of the ways active sport tourists engage with space, where space is viewed as an object or material for this play. Three major dimensions of active sport tourism are then identified: a set of playful and game-like practices with global space resulting in shared imaginaries and large-scale mobilities; a kinaesthetic play, based on freedom and sensations and deeply engaged in the materiality of the places and the omnipresent media practices that support the other dimensions of play while being fully integrated into the experience of sport tourism. This conceptual framework is a way to better understand the motives and practices of sport tourists; it is also a way to underline wider trends of contemporary leisure cultures: such cultures are increasingly integrated into the daily spheres of activity, increasingly playful and increasingly mediatized.     

京族民族民间体育起源分类特征的分析与研究*

采用文献资料、田野调查、访谈法等对我国唯一海洋民族京族的民族民间体育的起源、分类、特征以及发展方向进行分析,认为京族民族民间体育可分为嬉戏娱乐、节庆习俗、比赛竞技三类,并具有亲海性、宗教性、娱乐性的特征.课题根据“四层文化理论”对京族民族民间体育进行分析与研究,科学而准确地把握其的产生、分类和发展方向,促进京族民族民间体育的发展,努力发掘京族民族民间体育文化资源,推广民族体育文化.