论知识经济与当代大学生创新行为

作者根据知识经济的要求 ,认为进行教育、教学改革以培养当代大学生创新行为的任务极为重要和迫切 ,并从宏观和微观两个方面论述了培养当代大学生创新意识、塑造创新性格、实现创新行为的可行而有效措施。     

女大学生体育运动态度的调查研究

从态度的三个层面：认知层面、情感层面、行为层面对师专女大学生体育运动的态度进行研究分析．结果表明，就整体而言师专女大学生对体育运动的认识处于较低水平．她们特别重视自身参加锻炼的情感体验，对体育运动的行为倾向处于一般水平，     

体育教育专业学生学习心态的调查研究

为迎合21 世纪高规格体育师资培养的需要, 我国高等院校体育教育专业加快了实施整体性改革的步划。本文从体育教育专业学生的专业课程选择趋向, 理论课程的认识倾向、教师教学行为及教学环境的影响这一角度,分析与阐述他们的学习心态。从而为教育部门了解与掌握体育教育专业大学生学习心态提供重要的理论信息, 为体育教育专业教学改革提供了一定的参考依据.     

A synthesis of research concerning creative teachers in a Canadian context

Effective teachers are often creative ones, yet an examination of creative teaching is largely invisible in the North American creativity literature. Even within education there is little about teachers’ own creative practice. Nonetheless, there are benefits to studying creative teachers: in education it can explicate ways of enhancing teachers’ creativity and enriching praxis; and in psychology it can extend our understanding of social and interpersonal creativity, as well as everyday creativity. This paper reviews 12 Canadian case studies of creative teaching conducted by a creative teaching research group. An in-depth elaboration of two themes, creative person and community, is presented.     

Negative school factors and their influence on math and science achievement in TIMSS 2003

The aim of the present study was to conduct an analysis of TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) 2003 database and to determine how negative school factors, such as aggression, are associated to the mathematical and science achievement of students. The analyses were conducted separately for national and international data. National analyses for Slovenia show significant associations between math and science achievement and the experience of aggressive behaviour. Students who experienced aggressive behaviour scored lower in math and science, both in the fourth and in the eighth grade. The results of the regression analysis show that negative factors, such as aggressive behaviour, are good predictors of educational achievement in Slovenia. International analyses for the selected countries (high‐ and low‐achieving countries from the whole TIMSS population) confirm that this type of finding is culturally impartial as well as valid for the level of achievement both in math and in science.     

影响大学生体育锻炼的心理因素

体育锻炼行为受多种因素影响,但心理因素是影响其锻炼行为的重要因素。心理因素包括体育兴趣、体育动机、体育态度等。这些都在不同程度上影响着学生的体育锻炼行为。     

中国农地制度演变的绩效评析及其启示

建国50多年来我国农地制度演变给予我们的启示是：个人化程度高，产权明晰的土地制度是有效率的。赋予农民长期而稳定的土地经营权并使其资本化，物权化，法律化，突出产权结构中土地承包权的核心地位，已成为我国农地制度创新的基本方向。     

社会行为选择的力学注记——网络社会管理基础研究之一

社会行为选择的表现结果取决于力的方向和大小。在社会力的作用下,社会个体行为选择呈现出微观下的表达图式,而在微观表达图式的数目集合中,又呈现出宏观下的平均状态,即形成了对于社会群体行为选择的表现图式。研究指出,支配社会行为选择的"力"有两大类型:其一,我们称之为"行为驱动内力"或"行为突破力",其二,我们称之为"行为驱动外力"或"行为维系力"。行为突破力的自发倾向是不间断地对于"社会行为选择期望值"的破坏与更新;而行为维系力的自发倾向是不间断地对于"社会行为选择期望值"的保持与坚守。行为突破力从微观数目(对于个体行为选择的可能方式)随时空的"无限改变"上获得认识,行为维系力从宏观集合(对于群体行为选择的集合方式)随时空的"整体定常"上获得认识。所构成的在真实社会系统中社会行为的选择图式,只能是行为驱动内力和行为驱动外力二者之间互相制约,彼此妥协与实现均衡的总结果。毋庸置疑,行为驱动内力与行为驱动外力二者的概率总和恒等于1,而一旦出现二者相等的那一瞬间(概率各等于0.5),便达到了一个极为特殊的社会行为选择临界,称之为理想社会行为的标准图式。在统计意义上,理想社会行为标准图示对应着"期望值"与"方差"获得完全相等时的概率描述,因而可利用泊松分布作为这项公理性假设的合理工具。     

Social and interactional practices for disseminating current awareness information in an organisational setting

Current awareness services are designed to keep users informed about recent developments based around user need profiles. In organisational settings, they may operate through both electronic and social interactions aimed at delivering information that is relevant, pertinent and current. Understanding these interactions can reveal the tensions in current awareness dissemination and help inform ways of making services more effective and efficient. We report an in-depth, observational study of electronic current awareness use within a large London law firm. The study found that selection, re-aggregation and forwarding of information by multiple actors gives rise to a complex sociotechnical distribution network. Knowledge management staff act as a layer of “intelligent filters” sensitive to complex, local information needs; their distribution decisions address multiple situational relevance factors in a situation fraught with information overload and restrictive time-pressures. Their decisions aim to optimise conflicting constraints of recall, precision and information quantity. Critical to this is the use of dynamic profile updates which propagate back through the network through formal and informal social interactions. This supports changes to situational relevance judgements and so allows the network to ‘self-tune’. These findings lead to design requirements, including that systems should support rapid assessment of information items against an individual’s interests; that it should be possible to organise information for different subsequent uses; and that there should be back-propagation from information consumers to providers, to tune the understanding of their information needs.     

The Australian Science Teacher: A Typology of Teacher–Student Interpersonal Behaviour in Australian Science Classes

This study reports the first development in Australia of science teacher typologies of teacher–student interpersonal behaviour. Students' perceptions of teacher–student interpersonal behaviour were measured using the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI). Earlier work with the QTI in The Netherlands has revealed eight different interpersonal styles, which were later confirmed with an American sample of secondary school teachers. The present study investigated the extent to which typologies found in earlier studies also apply to a sample of Australian secondary school science teachers. Data were first checked to examine whether the eight profiles found in The Netherlands and the USA were also present in the Australian data. A cluster analysis using various clustering methods and procedures was used to determine Australian typologies and compare these with earlier Dutch findings. Results of the cluster analyses were verified by analyses of variance, by plotting QTI scale scores graphically, and by presenting a set of sector graphics to two independent researchers and having them sort these into different profiles as found in the statistical analyses. The resultant typologies and implications for professional development and research are presented.