Learner preferences and prior knowledge in learner-controlled computer-based instruction

This study examined the effects of prior knowledge, learner preference for control, and type of control (learner or program) on the achievement of middle-school students in a computer-based instructional program on adding and subtracting integers. Students were blocked by preference-for-control scores and randomly assigned to either a learner-control or program-control version of instruction. A significant three-way interaction (prior knowledge × preference scores × type of control) revealed that students with high prior knowledge achieved better on the posttest when their preference for control was matched with the type of control they received, whereas students with low prior knowledge achieved better when their preference was mismatched. A significant three-way interaction on attitude reflected the same pattern found in the interaction for achievement scores. The overall results indicate that matching learner preference to the type of program they receive is an effective strategy for high-prior-knowledge students but not for those with low prior knowledge.

数学建模中数学方法与计算机手段的有效结合

本文探讨说明建模活动中建立数学模型的核心是数学方法,而计算机手段在模型探讨、模型确定、模型应用中起着关键作用,两者的有效结合至关重要。     

Referential perspective and instruction: A study on teacher-student interaction and text remembering

The aim of this paper is to study the role ofteacher-student interaction, in the acquisitionof text comprehension and memory skills from asocio-cultural approach. In our view, one ofthe most important areas of neglect in cognitive research in this field is the interactional nature of that development. We intend to establish the way in which teacher-student interaction and, specially, the use of some specific semiotic means mayfacilitate the acquisition and internalizationof general strategies for understanding andremembering expository texts. The role ofreferential perspective (Wertsch, 1989) in theinternalization of complex text study actionsis analysed.The task was to study three expository textsthat were similar in their structure. Thecontent of the texts was analysed in terms ofidea-units (Meyer, 1984). Each text was formedby idea-units from three different levels: mainideas, secondary ideas and details. A categorysystem for the analysis of study and recall ofthe text is developed. In the study phase theanalysis proceeded in two steps: study actionsand text ideas. In the recall phase, two types ofindexes (number of ideas and degree ofclustering) were considered. For the analysisof instructional actions, both the nature ofinstruction and referential perspective wasrecorded.     

浅谈钢琴演奏基础教学

钢琴基础教学中的技能训练、一定的理论基础知识 ,以及教材的使用 ,说明在钢琴教学中 ,教师不仅要具有较高的文学艺术修养和较全面的音乐专业知识 ,还必须对钢琴音乐和钢琴演奏技艺有较深的了解和较高的造诣。     

以学生为中心的归纳思维教学模式应用研究

以民航行业特色课程“航空危险品运输”为例,针对采用传统教学模式存在满堂灌、学习过程不符合认知规律、缺少实践环节的弊端,开展归纳思维教学模式应用研究。基于以学生为中心的建构主义教学思想,应用归纳思维教学模式,充分利用学生学习的预习环节,设计了针对危险品航空货运业务流程的“实践—认识—实践”分组学习过程,实现“实践先导,知识建构,应用为纲”的启发式教学。     

刍议计电算化档案管理

会计电算化档案管理工作是近年来方出现的一项新业务,全文分析在会计电算化档案管理工作存在的问题的基础上,就会计电算化管理工作提出改进措施。     

中学物理程序化教学模式

指出当前中学物理教学中存在的一些问题,介绍中学物理程序化教学的基本特征, 论述中学物理程序化教学的四种模式。     

Performance equivalency between computer‐based and traditional pen‐and‐paper assessment: A case study in clinical anatomy

The time, material, and staff‐consuming nature of anatomy's traditional pen‐and‐paper assessment system, the increase in the number of students enrolling in medical schools and the ever‐escalating workload of academic staff have made the use of computer‐based assessment (CBA) an attractive proposition. To understand the impact of such shift in the assessment method, an experimental study evaluating its effect on students’ performance was designed. Additionally, students’ opinions toward CBA were gathered. Second‐year medical students attending a Clinical Anatomy course were randomized by clusters in two groups. The pen‐and‐paper group attended two sessions, each consisting of a traditional sectional anatomy steeplechase followed by a theoretical examination, while the computer group was involved in two similar sessions conducted in a computerized environment. At the end of each of the computer sessions, students in this group filled an anonymous questionnaire. In the first session, pen‐and‐paper group students scored significantly better than computer‐group students in both the steeplechase (mean ± standard deviation: 66.00 ± 14.15% vs. 43.50 ± 19.10%; P < 0.001) and the theoretical examination (52.50 ± 12.70% vs. 39.00 ± 21.10%; P < 0.001). In the second session, no statistically significant differences were found for both the steeplechase (59.50 ± 17.30% vs. 54.50 ± 17.00%; P = 0.085) and the theoretical examination (57.50 ± 13.70% vs. 54.00 ± 14.30%; P = 0.161). Besides, an intersession improvement in students’ perceptions toward CBA was registered. These results suggest that, after a familiarization period, CBA might be a performance equivalent and student accepted alternative to clinical anatomy pen‐and‐paper theoretical and practical examinations. Anat Sci Educ 11: 124–136. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.     

青少年篮球技术训练CAI的开发与研制

运用计算机技术对青少年篮球技术训练CAI的研发过程及其作用进行了全面分析,提出了青少年篮球技术训练CAI制作的原则.     

中小学计算机教学的现状与思考

我国中小学的计算机教学 ,已经从个别实验阶段发展到普遍开展阶段。但学生对这门课程的兴趣并不高 ,其主要原因是教学目的不适当、教材体系不规范、教师队伍不稳定