Momentum sequence and environmental climate influence levels of perceived psychological momentum within a sport competition

The present study examined the influence of momentum sequence (positive vs. negative) and environmental climate (hot–wet vs. neutral) on supporters’ (i.e. virtual observers’) reported levels of perceived psychological momentum (PM) during a simulated cycling competition. Participants supported one of two competing cyclists involved in a race that was displayed on a screen in a lecture hall. The race scenario was manipulated so that the supported cyclist appeared to undergo either a positive or negative momentum sequence. In addition, participants were either exposed to a hot–wet environmental climate or to a neutral environmental climate while observing the race scenario. According to the results, reported levels of PM were higher in the positive momentum sequence condition than in the negative momentum sequence condition, consistent with the notion that supporters’ PM is influenced by a positivity bias, and reported levels of PM were also found to be higher in the hot–wet climate condition than in the neutral climate condition, consistent with the notion that environmental climate is a contextual factor that influences PM through the operation of a causal augmenting mechanism.     

Bilateral practice improves dominant leg performance in long jump

Benefits of bilateral practice both for the non-dominant and for the dominant body side have been shown in several studies. Thereby, most of the studies included movement tasks of the upper extremity or investigated sports games in which the ability of acting bilaterally is an essential basis for success and, thus, a bilateral practice is reasonable anyway. Individual unilaterally performed sports including movement tasks of the lower extremity are rarely investigated. Therefore, the aim of our study was to test if contralateral transfer due to bilateral practice can be found in an unilaterally performed sport including the lower extremity. We trained and tested 61 adolescent athletes in long jump to compare the jumping performance of the dominant leg after a 12-week practice period between two groups: a bilateral practice group that practiced specific long jump exercises with both the dominant and non-dominant leg and an unilateral practice group that practiced specific long jump exercises only with the dominant leg. Results showed a superior effect of bilateral practice compared to unilateral practice regarding the jumping performance of the dominant leg. The performance increase at post-test and retention-test for the dominant limb was significantly higher for the bilateral practice group (pre-to-post: 5.2%, pre-to-retention: 7.4%) compared to the unilateral practice group (pre-to-post: 3.4%, pre-to-retention: 4.5%). Thus, bilateral practice should be established in the early practice programmes of track and field athletes to improve the performance of the dominant take-off leg.     

基于语料库的学习者名词与名词搭配失误分析

本文基于赋错误码的CLEC,探讨了中国英语学习者名词与名词搭配失误的类型,并从迁移的角度对不同类型的失误进行解释.采用的检索软件是Wo州smith.本文将失误分为名词 名词,名词 介词 名词,名词所有格 名词等五类.数据表明,学习者失误主要来源于母语负迁移的影响.而随着英语水平的提高学习者母语迁移的影响变化不显著.     

社会文化背景与委婉语信息的解读

委婉语是一种语言形式，同时也是一种化现象。对委婉语信息的解读，离不开对其化背景的认识与了解。本试图从禁忌、传统伦理道德、宗教与社会价值观等几个方面进行阐述。     

母语思维在英语写作语篇中的负迁移作用

本文从中西思维模式差异入手,结合教学中收集的学生作文中典型语篇特点来分析学生在英语写作中母语思维模式的负迁移现象,从而引起教师及英语学习者对写作中思维模式转换的重视,并促进英语写作教学的调整。     

语境与引语中的指示语分析

语境和指示语都是语言交际理论中比较重要的常用的术语。语境是指语言交际所涉及到的各种各样不同环境，是交际中相互关联的情境。人们的言语交际离不开语境。而指示语作为语用学中的一个重要内容反映的正是话语和语境的关系。文章论证即时语境是分析指示语现象的有用工具以及即时语境是怎样使引语中的指示语的解释成为可能的。     

篇章语言学中的语境与语篇分析

语境在语篇分析中的重要性体现在:语境有利于理解和建构单句语篇,有利于理解有歧义性的词和句,有利于明确代词的所指对象,有利于理解语篇中的省略。     

University,Knowledge and Regional Development: Factors Affecting Knowledge Transfer in a Developing Region

The role of knowledge in the current knowledge economy cannot be overly emphasised. Successful regions are continuously being linked to excellence in the production, accumulation, and application of knowledge. Universities have increasingly been at the centre of such knowledge production, application and transfer. Yet, there is little research and evidence in this regard pertaining to less developed countries. The paper aims to fill this gap. The study uses the conceptual notion of knowledge transfer to interrogate the engagement level between the university and its region. Using a qualitative approach comprising the use of primary and secondary data, the authors capture some of the factors affecting knowledge transfer. Highlighting both supply-side and demand-side factors, the authors argue in favour of a nuanced and complex negotiation of the knowledge-development interface between universities as knowledge producers and regional stakeholders as knowledge users. Such negotiations should take cognisance of local realities.     

英语听力教学中的语境导入

在话语理解方面,语境识别是课堂教学中最容易忽视的问题。只有先从语境框架中的逻辑、心理和背景三个层面来分析语境意义及其动态特征，然后探讨在听力教学中如何运用语境理论，才能提高学生的听力理解能力。     

关联理论与语用推理

关联理论认为，语言交际是一个示意——推理的认知过程，认知的实现在于它本身所体现出来的关联性。因此，关联理论框架下的言语交际活动是一个有目的、由说话人示意、听话人推理的动态过程。论文着重分析关联理论对语用推理的解释。