Investigating married adults’ communal coping with genetic health risk and perceived discrimination

Increased genetic testing in personalized medicine presents unique challenges for couples, including managing disease risk and potential discrimination as a couple. This study investigated couples’ conflicts and support gaps as they coped with perceived genetic discrimination. We also explored the degree to which communal coping was beneficial in reducing support gaps and ultimately stress. Dyadic analysis of married adults (N?=?266, 133 couples), in which one person had the genetic risk for serious illness, showed that perceived discrimination predicted more frequent conflicts about alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency-related treatment, privacy boundaries, and finances, which, in turn, predicted wider gaps in emotion and esteem support, and greater stress for both spouses. Communal coping predicted lower support gaps for both partners and marginally lower stress.     

Health science libraries in Sweden: new directions,expanding roles

Librarians in Sweden are facing huge challenges in meeting the demands of their organisations and users. This article looks at four key areas: coping with open science/open access initiatives; increasing demands from researchers for support doing systematic reviews; understanding user experiences in Swedish health science libraries; and the consequences of expanding roles for recruitment and continuing professional development. With regard to changing roles, there is an increasing shift from the generalist towards the expert role. The authors raise the issue as to how to prepare those new to the profession to the changing environment of health science libraries.     

Emerging hemostatic materials for non-compressible hemorrhage control

Non-compressible hemorrhage control is a big challenge in both civilian life and the battlefield, causing a majority of deaths among all traumatic injury mortalities. Unexpected non-compressible bleeding not only happens in pre-hospital situations but also leads to a high risk of death during surgical processes throughout in-hospital treatment. Hemostatic materials for pre-hospital treatment or surgical procedures for non-compressible hemorrhage control have drawn more and more attention in recent years and several commercialized products have been developed. However, these products have all shown non-negligible limitations and researchers are focusing on developing more effective hemostatic materials for non-compressible hemorrhage control. Different hemostatic strategies (physical, chemical and biological) have been proposed and different forms (sponges/foams, sealants/adhesives, microparticles/powders and platelet mimics) of hemostatic materials have been developed based on these strategies. A summary of the requirements, state-of-the-art studies and commercial products of non-compressible hemorrhage-control materials is provided in this review with particular attention on the advantages and limitations of their emerging forms, to give a clear understanding of the progress that has been made in this area and the promising directions for future generations.     

学习风格与外语教学

学习风格是影响外语教学的一个重要因素。从分析学习风格的定义及分类出发,区分学习风格与认知风格,简要介绍学习风格的特征,指出学习风格研究对英语教学具有的研究价值及启示,对如何将学习风格理论与英语教学有机结合提出具体的方法与策略。     

嗜热酶的稳定机制和稳定策略的研究进展

来源于嗜热菌的嗜热酶具有热稳定性和嗜热性。嗜热酶与对应的中温酶序列具有高度的序列同源性、高度相似的三级结构和催化机制。在简单总结了嗜热酶的生化和分子特性后,本文重点讨论了嗜热酶稳定的分子机制和提高蛋白质稳定性的策略。嗜热酶稳定的分子机制包括:氨基酸组成特性、蛋白质分子内的作用力、蛋白质构型的影响、锚定N末端和C末端、环的缩短和固定、翻译后修饰。提高蛋白质热稳定性的策略包括:蛋白质工程策略(序列一致概念、理性设计、定向进化、多肽链延伸和计算模型)、化学修饰法、添加保护剂提高酶的稳定性。     

谈中西文化差异与翻译策略

语言是文化的载体,承载着丰富的文化信息。因此,翻译不仅是语言代码之间的转换,还是一种跨文化的交际活动。译者在进行翻译时要根据中西文化之间的差异选择有效的翻译策略,以实现译文与原文的语用等效。     

人工智能背景下教学形态的嬗变:特点、挑战与应对

人工智能时代的不期而至将重塑教学的课堂形态。基于人工智能的课堂教学无论其教学手段、教学方式、教学内容、教学设计、教学过程乃至教学评价等都将以智慧性、泛在性和场景的融合性为表征,知识呈现的形式与场景的融合使教学的“现实场景”凸显,学生发展的“审美创造”成为可能。然而,人工智能时代的教育面临的挑战不容小觑,知识目的观的“祛魅”与人性目的观的“返魅”、单质主客体的“消减”与多元主体的“建构”、“授人以渔”的方法论转向“授人以欲”主体论、学习的“苦行僧”变为意义生成的“审美者”,等等。基于此,就其改进策略而言,教学中“人是目的”的根本要素依然需要持守并要不断弘扬,无论环节、情景、方式、模式等发生何等变换,都是为人的全面发展而服务的。因此,遵循“立德树人”的根本宗旨,以知识“塑造灵魂”;培养混合式、人机融合式的教学模式创构能力;创造“人际”“人机”与“人世”精神交往的教学关系;以劳动教育为基础,以审美教育为灵魂,“五育并举”,创造丰富多样的综合实践活动形式,共同形成一个相互联系的有机整体,培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义事业的建设者和接班人。     

数字信息商品定价策略探讨

运用马克思主叉的劳动价值论和西方经济学的边际效用理论,探讨数字信息商品的定价基础和定价策略。     

义务教育道德与法治课程融入诚信教育的探讨

义务教育道德与法治课程融入诚信教育是落实立德树人根本任务和进行社会主义核心价值观教育的重要途径。道德与法治课程融入诚信教育,应彰显时代特色的诚信教育观、全程渗透诚信思想的过程观、向自我与社会开放的课程观,以及基于“沟通理性”的师生交往观、内省体悟的学习观。为使道德与法治课程有效融入诚信教育,就要合理建构促进学生素养发展的诚信教育目标、内容,创新以实践反思为导向的诚信教育途径,确立发展性的全过程诚信教育评价体系,等等。     

少数民族大学生思想政治教育实效性提升路径

少数民族大学生是促进我国民族地区发展的重要人才资源,少数民族大学生的思想政治教育效果直接关系到国家的民族团结和长治久安。高校要不断改变教育理念,完善教育环境,拓展教育功能,创新教育平台,研究教育策略,找准少数民族大学生思想政治教育工作的切入点与结合点,加强对少数民族大学生思想的正确引导,以提升少数民族大学生思想政治教育的实效性。