不同民族中学生英语阅读的元认知意识研究

采用英语阅读的元认知意识问卷对汉族、纳西族和彝族中学生进行测查。结果表明 :( 1 )3种民族中学生英语阅读的元认知意识水平随着年级的升高呈现出提高的趋势 ;( 2 )汉族与纳西族中学生英语阅读的元认知意识水平整体上具有一致性 ,彝族中学生英语阅读的元认知意识水平呈现出优于汉族和纳西族的趋势。基于此 ,教师在英语阅读教学中应加强对学生元认知意识的培养。     

当代大学生自强意识特点及影响因素研究

采用问卷调查法对东西部5所大学的878名大学生进行施测，以了解当代大学生的自强状况。结果表明：（1）当代大学生的自强意识处于中上水平，其中社会取向自强意识显著高于个人取向自强意识；（2）总体而言，重点大学学生的自强意识显著优于一般大学学生，男生显著高于女生。大四学生的社会取向和个人取向自强意识显著高于其他年级学生，从总体均分来看，大学生的自强意识呈现出一种U型曲线的年级发展趋势；（3）成就动机、家庭环境和父母养育方式是影响大学生自强意识的三个因素，其中成就动机具有部分中介作用，父母养育方式则对自强意识产生间接影响，而家庭环境既有直接影响也有间接影响。     

Letting the village be the teacher: a look at community-based learning in Northern Thailand

ABSTRACT

Higher education in the U.S. sees global learning as critical to student development. Over the last seventy years, study abroad has emerged as the method of choice for teaching global knowledge and intercultural competence. In this context, community-based global learning programs are a type of program where students live in communities to learn directly from people and place. Looking at a field studies program in Northern Thailand, this paper explores the educational mobility of study abroad and impact on host communities. It shares findings on the experiences of two communities who have hosted study abroad students for almost twenty years. Best practices and recommendations for faculty and institutions running community-based global learning programs are shared, including the centrality of community voice in curriculum, benefits of applying a range of pedagogical methods on course, the critical nature of adequately preparing students for cultural immersion, and compensating communities justly for their work.     

中国保险密度的分析和预测

本文在回顾国内有关保险规模的研究基础上，首先结合中国恢复保险业以来的历史数据，运用协整回归的方法分析中国保险密度的显著影响因素。然后建立中国保险密度的贡贝尔茨模型，证实了中国的保险业处在成长前期。比较两个模型的预测精度，对保险业未采5年的趋势进行预测。最后根据分析的结果对中国的经济政策提出建议。     

强化期刊出版风险意识提高危机防控化解能力

体制改革中面临的风险防控任务贯穿于期刊编辑出版的全流程。由于中华医学会主办期刊管办形式多样,该任务更具复杂性和艰巨性。结合学会百年办刊经验和多年来对学会期刊改革探索的实践,梳理总结出主要风险点。认为只有强化主办及出版单位对期刊编辑出版的风险防范意识,制订切实有效的监督机制和防范措施,才能从根本上将期刊出版工作中的风险降至最低。     

Phonological processing and emergent literacy in younger and older preschool children

Phonological awareness, phonological memory, and phonological access to lexical storage play important roles in acquiring literacy. We examined the convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of these phonological processing abilities (PPA) in 389 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the validity of each PPA as separate from general cognitive ability and separate from each other. Multigroup structural equation modeling (SEM) with mean structure demonstrated that older preschoolers have better developed latent PPA than younger preschoolers but that the structure of PPA is equivalent. RAN was found uniquely associated with letter knowledge and text discrimination in younger preschoolers, and PA was found uniquely associated with word reading skills in older preschoolers. Finally, general cognitive ability was only indirectly associated with emergent literacy via PPA. These results highlight the importance of PPA in the early literacy development of English-speaking preschool children.     

Screening of phonological awareness in the early elementary grades: an IRT approach

The purpose of the present study was to explore the possibilities for the assessment of growth in phonological awareness of children in kindergarten and first grade. Phonological awareness was measured using four sets of items involving rhyming, phoneme identification, phoneme blending, and phoneme segmentation. The results of an exploratory factor analysis and analyses conducted within the framework of item response theory showed one latent ability to underlie the different sets of items, which nevertheless differed in difficulty. Analyses in terms of the children’s ability further showed the phonological awareness measures to be sensitive to growth. The amount of information supplied by the different sets of items depended on the children’s level of ability. The conclusion that it is possible to accurately monitor the development of children’s phonological awareness in the early elementary grades appears to be justified, and this possibility opens up new perspectives for the early screening for reading problems and dyslexia.     

文化的“无用之用”与儒学未来发展的契机和天命

文化乃通一切界而又不限于一界,因此,文化是一种渗透并体现于不同实存领域中的“柔性的”创生力。文化的这种“无用之用”特性折射出了文化发展的功利性。从深层次看,文化的“无用之用”表现为一个由某种地方性和特殊性而不断趋向于不同层级的普世化的展开过程。文化所取义普世化实质上就是文化的“共通性”,由文化的这种“通”性义来重新审视“全球化”,“全球化”进程实质上已铸成了社会发展和人类存在趋向于无节制的“消费性”,而儒家文化的生存节制意识正可对目前“全球化”的过度“消费性”偏向起到补救作用。建设现代意义上的儒学和文化形态必须走出两个误区:1.偏执于文化的普遍性、共时性的层面,而忽略其个性和历时性的意义;2.关注儒学的教化和实践特性和功能的同时,倡导重建制度化的儒学,倡导建立儒教并定为国教。要培育三种文化意识:1.要努力创造儒学的当代形态;2.致力于重建儒学与民众生活的联系;3.注重“以身体道”群体的养成。     

模糊限制语在跨文化交际中的语用功能

模糊限制语是一种常见的语言现象,它主要分为变动型和缓和型两大类。在跨文化交际中,模糊限制语的使用能够体现礼貌原则,起到缓和语气、避免冲突的作用。文章从跨文化交际的角度,阐释了模糊限制语所具有的多种不同的语用功能。     

学校育人过程中文化自觉性的培养

文化自觉性是指生活在一定文化中的人对其文化有自知之明,理解所接触到的多种文化,通过自主的适应,取长补短,确立一个共同认可的基本秩序。加强文化自觉性培养是育人规律的基本要求,是主体文化人格养成的基本要求,也是文化自身发展传承的基本要求,更是使中华民族在国际竞争中立于不败之地的必要保证。培养青年学生的文化自觉性,就是培养其对于当今时代先进文化的自觉意识。文化自觉性培养的路径包括传播全面的知识,突出教育的主体性,加强制度建设和重视优秀文化的传承和发扬。