朗读与英语教学

Gass(1988)的二语习得模型和Swain(1995)的“输出假说”可以为朗读与二外语习得的关系提供认知方面的证据;另外朗读作为一个语言测试项目也有开发潜力,Sinclair(2003)对基本语言技能的再分类可以看出朗读在语言测试中的效度,同时还可以重新审视朗读与语言教学及测试的关系。     

《民法典》视野下体育运动致害的损失分担——基于公平责任司法适用的实证研究

作为损失分担规则,公平责任在体育运动致害案件的适用中存在争议。我国民事立法对公平责任的适用范围经历了由宽松到严格限制的过程。通过对体育运动致害案件民事裁判文书的实证研究发现：司法实践中,法官在公平责任的适用条件和赔偿范围上都超越了其应有的内涵,自甘风险规则也并非体育运动致害的免责事由。《民法典》对公平责任适用范围的严格限制和自甘风险规则的确立,体现了我国法治的进步,有利于体育运动的积极开展。后民法典时代,体育运动致害案件中损失的分担,一方面需要建立完善的保险制度,另一方面需要在《民法典》的规则体系之下,通过民法解释学对公平责任和自甘风险的适用规则进行阐释。在极端案件中,应当肯定公平责任的适用,以实现其背后所体现的矫正正义。     

体育运动场域下的安全保障义务——兼评《中华人民共和国民法典》第1198条

《中华人民共和国民法典》第1198条增列了体育场馆的安全保障义务,但其具体判断标准仍不明确,且与自甘风险的关系存疑。确立体育安全保障义务的标准,应以合标准的硬件设施、有序的组织服务和合理救助义务为基础考量要素,以体育类型和项目特点为个性考量要素,注重体育安保义务的个性化。第1176条第2款与第1198条适用关系不明,其一方面存在内在价值体系缺陷,另一方面存在外在文义、逻辑体系缺陷。解释论上应以自甘风险的内在价值体系为进路,参加者风险自担,活动组织者尽到体育安保义务时不应再承担公平责任,活动组织者因一般过失未尽到安全保障义务时应对其减责,活动组织者因故意或重大过失未尽到安全保障义务时不应对其减责。     

保证责任相关问题研究

民法设立担保制度的目的是为了维护民商事交往的安全。保证责任是保证担保的又一个核心问题。保证是很严肃的法律行为,与我们日常生活中所说的保证是不同的,民法中的保证一旦成立,就意味着责任的产生,这种责任是以国家强制力为后盾的强制性法律责任。保证具有人身性的特点,除了保证人的财产外,保证人的信用是债权人最看重的地方。所以,在民事活动中,不是人人都可以成为保证人的。     

High school students' evolving alternative conception related to the volume of gas: A Lakatosian perspective

The purpose of this case study, informed by a Lakatosian perspective, is to identify how an alternative conception that originates in present learning but is related directly to subsequent learning contexts can be constructed. Before the study, one of the authors found by accident that a student who had learned about Avogadro's principle and chemical reaction in South Korea constructed an alternative conception related to the volume of gas. Later, we identified seven Korean high school students with the alternative conception through a test and analyzed their underlying understandings qualitatively through interviews. The results show that they had a scientific conception—core conception—and intuitive assumptions about implicit information of external representations—implicit assumptions—in common. The students' implicit assumptions could be divided into three types again: core assumption, auxiliary assumption, and context-inducing assumption. The core assumption, like the core conception, played a significant role in constructing the alternative conception (hard core), while the auxiliary assumptions were incomplete implicit assumptions to protect the alternative conception (protective belt). The context-inducing assumption was an implicit assumption bringing the context of the subsequent curriculum, and the core conception and the core assumption could be interpreted in this induced context. At the end of the study, the implications related to learning progressions were discussed.     

关于价值人假设与职业技术人才价值实现的探讨

本站在原创性、前瞻性理论的高度,提出了一个全新的人性假设——价值人假设理论。价值人假设的主体体现在以需为上、以人为本、以知为首、以能为主、以为魂几方面,全面发展是价值人的精髓。在此基础上,章对职业技术人才的价值取向和实现价值进行了阐述。     

总人口变动的具有隔离项的传染病模型

根据“仓室”理论，建立了有隔离项的SIQS和SIQR传染病模型，所建模型中，易感者和染病者都有常数输入，疾病的发生率分别是标准发生率和双线性发生率。     

教育领导与教育管理的本质初探

领导是一种引领性的实践，具体反映在四个层次：文化引领、专业引领、道德引领和精神引领。管理是一种经营的文化，包括物质文化、制度文化、道德文化、思想文化等等，具体由思想与精神、制度与策略、平衡与协调、计划与目的、服务与组织、领导与控制、道德与品行、继承与创新八大因素相互配合而成。     

Decisional procrastination correlates: personality traits, self-esteem or perception of cognitive failure?

The aim of the present study is to examine a number of decisional procrastination correlates. A sample of 258 subjects attending secondary school were administered the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, Self-Esteem Scale, Big Five Questionnaire and Five Factors Adjective Short Test. The data were subjected to correlation and multiple regression. Decisional procrastination is best explained by the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire. The results enable a further analysis in the field of decisional procrastination.     

反证法的理论与实践

被誉为“数学家最精良的武器之一”的反证法,是证明数学命题的一种重要方法.本文首先给出它的基础理论,然后通过证题实践归纳出它的适用范围及注意事项.