台州学院高级职称教师及处级以上干部健康状况分析

台州学院高级职称教师及处级以上干部189人体检结果显示:脂肪肝患病率14.81％,高脂血症患病率29.63％,糖尿病患病率11.63％,高血压患病率26.98%。针对患病率较高的这四种疾病进行分析,并提出了对上述四种慢性疾病作好防治工作的对策。     

人的情绪变化对健康状况的影响

生活中人们的情绪变化对健康状况有很大的影响,其影响通过人体内部生理变化为中介而产生。不良的情绪变化是导致多种疾病的重要因素,合理控制调节情绪又可以治疗许多疾病。为了更加清楚地论述分析其影响机理,文中运用了大量的实际案例,便于引导读者理解和深思。     

阴香粉实病简况

本文简单介绍了阴香粉实病的症状、病原、发生规律和防治方法.     

运用科研资源开展科普活动的机制研究——以中山大学热带病防治研究教育部重点实验室为例

以中山大学热带病防治研究教育部重点实验室为例,分析实验室通过健全科普管理体系、规范化和专业化科普资源及品牌化科普活动等机制,运用开放交流、社区教育和社会服务等方式,开展具有特色的科普活动,将科研成果以科普信息的方式传播给大众,提高公众的科学素质,增强热带病疾病防控的实效。为进一步完善科研实验室面向公众开放,开展科普活动的相关形式、制度和管理提供经验借鉴。     

滑子菇生产中常见病虫害及公害防治

对河北省平泉县食用菌基地调查发现,危害滑子菇常见病虫害有细菌性斑点病、黏菌病、木霉病、胡桃肉状菌、尖眼蕈蚊,并提出了无公害防治措施。     

冬枣采后病害及防治技术研究进展

采后病害是冬枣贮藏过程中的难题.对冬枣采后病害的类型、致病菌种类及其防治技术进行了分析概述,为冬枣贮藏环节有效控制病害发生提供技术参考和依据.     

Differences in body composition and risk of lifestyle-related diseases between young and older male rowers and sedentary controls

Abstract

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare body composition and risk factors of lifestyle-related diseases between young and older male rowers and sedentary controls. Healthy males aged 19–73 years participated in the study, and were divided into four groups: 26 young rowers, 24 senior rowers, 23 young sedentary controls, and 22 senior sedentary controls. Total and regional lean soft tissue, fat mass, and bone mineral density were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The HDL-cholesterol of senior rowers (67.4 ± 13.4 mg · dl^?1) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of senior sedentary controls (59.2 ± 11.9 mg · dl^?1), while HDL-cholesterol was similar in senior rowers and young rowers (66.1 ± 10.8 mg · dl^?1). Arm, leg, and trunk lean soft tissue mass were significantly higher in senior rowers (5.6 ± 0.6 kg, 18.2 ± 1.8 kg, and 27.3 ± 3.2 kg respectively) than in senior sedentary controls (5.1 ± 0.4 kg, 16.3 ± 1.4 kg, and 24.6 ± 1.7 kg respectively; P < 0.05). Bone mineral density was also significantly higher in senior rowers than in senior sedentary controls (ribs, lumbar spine, and pelvic segments; P < 0.05). We conclude that age-related increases in the risk of lifestyle-related diseases, such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia, are attenuated in male rowers. These results suggest that regular rowing exercise may have a positive influence in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases in older Japanese people.     

Lipid Parameters, Doses and Blood Levels of Calcineurin Inhibitors in Renal Transplant Patients

The calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) [cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (Tac)] are currently the most widely prescribed drugs for maintenance of immunosuppression after renal transplantation. These immunosuppressants are associated with side effects such as hyperlipidemia. We evaluated the differential effects of different CNIs on serum lipid parameters in renal transplant patients. Moreover, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between doses and blood levels of CNIs, and blood levels of CNIs and lipid parameters retrospectively. Two groups of 98 non-diabetic renal transplant patients, each treated with different CNIs, were studied: group A (n = 50, mean age: 31 ± 10 years), CsA, mycophenolate mofetil/azathioprin, steroid; group B (I = 48, mean age: 34 ± 12 years), Tac, mycophenolate mofetil/azathioprin, steroid. In renal transplant patients, CNIs blood levels and doses were examined at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after transplantation. Biochemical laboratory parameters including plasma lipids [total-cholesterol (CHOL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)–CHOL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)–CHOL, and triglycerides (TG)], CNI levels and doses were examined at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after transplantation. None of the patients received anti-lipidemic drugs during the study period. Blood levels of CNIs were detectable in all whole-blood samples by Cloned- Enzyme-Donor Immunoassay (CEDIA). The relationship between CNIs blood levels and CHOL, (LDL)–CHOL, HDL–CHOL, TG were evaluated. The mean serum CHOL levels and LDL–CHOL levels of patients in group A were found significantly higher than the patients in group B during the 12 month of follow up (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in TG and HDL–CHOL plasma levels between group A and group B (p > 0.005). In group A the daily dose of CsA was significantly correlated with the mean blood levels of CsA at the 1st and 3rd months (r = 0.387, p = 0.005; r = 0.386, p = 0.006), respectively. In group A, the daily dose of CsA was significantly correlated with the mean serum TG levels during the 12 month of follow up (r = 0.420, p = 0.003). In group B, the daily dose of Tac was significantly correlated with the mean blood level of Tac (r = 0.335, p = 0.020) at the 1st month. No correlation was found between mean Tac blood levels and lipid parameters during the 12-month of follow up (p > 0.05). Significant positive correlation was observed between the CsA blood levels and LDL–CHOL levels (r = 0.338, p = 0.027) at the 3rd month. In the renal transplant patients with well functioning grafts, CsA therapy is associated with increased CHOL and LDL–CHOL ratio which represents an increased atherogenic risk tended to be associated with CsA. Serum LDL–CHOL levels may be effected by blood CsA levels.     

从单中心大型超声心动图数据分析近十年中国心脏疾病患病率的变化趋势

There is a paucity of data regarding trends in the incidence of heart disease in China during recent years. Using a large echocardiography database in our center, we analyzed trends in the prevalence of several common heart diseases from Dec. 2003. This study retrospectively analyzed the echocardiographic database in our Department from 2003 to 2012. A total of 385 682 cases were included in the study. The prevalence of rheumatic heart disease decreased over the 10-year period, from 4.04% in 2003 to 3.06% in 2012 (P<0.01). Infective endocarditis also decreased, from a mean prevalence of 0.37% in July 2003 to 0.27% in Dec. 2008 (P<0.001). The prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which includes 20% apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 20% hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, was about 1.8%. The prevalence of the three most common adult congenital heart diseases (CHDs) decreased by about 10% from July 2003 to Dec. 2008 (all P<0.001). The prevalence of moderate pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) decreased during the 10-year period (P<0.001), but there was no change in the prevalence of severe PAH or LVSD (P>0.05). The present study indirectly demonstrates that the prevalence of several common heart diseases in China has declined in recent years.     

沾化冬枣常见病虫害及其生物防治

介绍了沾化冬枣常见病虫害的种类及危害,论述了生物防治技术在冬枣病虫害防治上的应用及重要意义,并分析了生物防治技术的发展前景及存在问题.