The effectiveness of conceptual change texts and concept clipboards in learning the nature of science

Background: One of the most important goals of science education is to enable students to understand the nature of science (NOS). However, generally regular science teaching in classrooms does not help students improve informed NOS views.

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of an explicit reflective conceptual change approach compared with an explicit reflective inquiry-oriented approach on seventh graders’ understanding of NOS.

Sample: The research was conducted with seventh grade students. A total of 44 students participated in the study.

Design and method: The study was an interpretive study because this study focused on the meanings that students attach to target aspects of NOS. Participants were divided into two groups, each consisting of 22 students. One of the groups learned NOS with an explicit reflective conceptual change approach. The requirements of conceptual change were provided through the use of conceptual change texts and concept cartoons. The other group learned NOS with an explicit reflective inquiry-oriented approach. The data were collected through open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. These instruments were employed in a pre-test, a post-test and a delayed test. Students’ views of the aspects of NOS were categorized as naive, transitional and informed.

Results: The result of this study indicated that before receiving instruction, most of the participants had transitional views of the tentative, empirical and imaginative and creative aspects of the NOS, and they had naive understandings of the distinction between observation and inference. The instruction in the experimental group led to a 60% – a 25% increase in the number of students who possessed an informed understanding of the tentative, empirical, creative and observation and inference aspect of the NOS. The instruction in the control group led to a 30% – a 15% increase in the informed NOS views.

Conclusion: The explicit reflective conceptual change approach is more effective than the explicit reflective inquiry-oriented approach in improving participants’ NOS conceptions. Another conclusion of this study is that if NOS is taught within the explicit reflective conceptual change approach, learners can retain learned views long after instruction.     

对求职者工作能力的名校刻板印象研究?

为考察大学生是否存在对求职者工作能力名校刻板印象,以名校大学生和非名校大学生为被试,测试要求他们根据求职简历的信息对求职者工作能力进行评分来测量其外显刻板印象,采用内隐联想测验（IAT）考察其内隐刻板印象。结果发现,在外显层面上,大学生均认为名校求职者和非名校求职者工作能力相差无几;内隐层面上,大学生均认为名校求职者工作能力比非名校求职者强。大学生对求职者工作能力不存在外显名校刻板印象,但存在内隐名校刻板印象。     

基于教学目标设置与陈述的研究

教学目标是教学活动成败的重要环节之一,针对传统教学目标设置和陈述的含糊性,通过对知识先分类设置然后再用科学的陈述方法来陈述,使教学目标更明确,更具体,更有可测性。     

评述高校外语教学中思辨力培养存在的问题

本文讨论了目前思辨力培养中急需解决的两大问题: 1) 如何处理思辨力与外语语言能力培养之间的关系; 2) 怎样才能使思辨力培养与外语语言教学有机地融为一体? 在此基础上,我们运用真实案例,分析高校外语教学思辨力培养现状,同时指出教学中的优点和不足之处,并提出改进建议。     

王船山的"诗教"观

王船山对我国儒家正统诗学与审美诗学理论进行了系统的研究和总结,对我国古典诗学与古典美学具有重要贡献.他的"诗教"观泾渭分明,妍媸并存.     

SECI模式应用于校际协作学习的探究

借鉴知识管理的思想,依据知识管理中知识分类的方法,笔者对校际协作学习中所涉及到的主要知识进行了分类,并将SECI模式及其策略应用于校际协作学习,从知识转换的角度建立了校际协作学习开展的模式。     

联盟中显性知识转移和企业内部创新

联盟中显性知识的转移是促进企业内部创新,提升创新能力的重要途径。如何对联盟进行有效控制,提高联盟中显性知识转移的效率是企业家和管理学者们未来研究的重大课题。本文基于资源理论、交易成本理论和组织理论,分析了联盟中显性知识转移、企业内部创新以及不同联盟控制方式之间的关系,构建了显性知识转移、企业内部创新和联盟控制关系的理论模型,并提出了相应的假设。     

文化习得观照下二语语用能力发展探究

良好的语用能力是二语习得者在跨文化交际中得体表达的刚性需求。本文在仔细考察语用能力发展与目的语文化因子互促关系的基础上,在二语习得理论框架下探究语用能力发展影响因子在文化习得支撑下的成熟进程,并进一步阐释显、隐性文化习得策略对语用能力发展的提升作用。     

Antithesis in Love is a Fallacy

Antithesis is a rhetoric device which puts sentences with same or similar structures and opposing ideas together in order to emphasis. It has three features: rhetoric device, opposing ideas, parallel structures. In most cases, the antithesis plays the role of strengthening the ironic and humorous effect. It can also make the language more colorful and powerful. The American writer Max Shulman fully employs the rhetoric device of antithesis in his masterpiece, Love is a Fallacy, making it an eternally popular classic. This thesis analyses the essay, Loveis aFallacy, from the aspects of explicit antithesis and implicit antithesis.     

中国能源消费、碳排放与经济增长的关系研究

本文基于中国1970-2010年能源消费、劳动、资本、碳排放及产出数据运用PSS（2001）协整检验法以及TY（1995）因果检验法研究这些变量间的短期动态关系及其长期协整关系。实证结果表明这5个变量之间存在长期协整关系。短期内能源消费、劳动以及资本对经济增长均有显著的正效应,碳排放的作用不显著;从长期来看只有劳动、资本对经济增长有显著的正效应。基于因果检验法我们发现能源消费、碳排放与实际产出均呈现双向格兰杰因果关系,且存在从能源消费到碳排放的单向格兰杰因果关系。结论表明中国若要有效减排,短期内势必要以适当降低经济发展速度为代价,但是从长期来看政府推行的节能减排战略不会阻滞经济增长。