我国公共文化场馆免费开放政策检视与反思

以公共图书馆为例,运用文化权利、政策过程理论对我国公共文化场馆免费开放展开政策检视和反思。研究发现,免费开放政策取得重要成效,但亦存在问题:恒定的经费补贴量难以满足免费开放后文化供给量和服务量的增长;经费分担机制未完全落实;按行政层级设计的补贴标准难以关照到不同规模的公共图书馆需要;监督管理和考核评价机制缺失,政策激励约束不足。这主要是因为动态的政策调整和优化未能及时跟进,中央地方事权与支出责任划分不明确、支出责任与财力不匹配以及政策成本高于收益。因此,建议完善分类资助标准,设计多重综合标准;建立完善经费保障的动态调整机制,创新财政保障方式;建立绩效评价体系,形成激励约束机制。表2。参考文献27。     

生存分析法在学术期刊评价上的应用初探

期刊评价中文献老化理论视角的研究相对薄弱。本文探究生存分析法在学术期刊评价上的应用,在理论上 克服了因领域差异导致的壁垒,并选取CSTPCD中30家中文物理学科期刊作为样本数据集进行实证研究。通过对论文 被引时序数据进行分析,研究物理学科文献老化规律,并选取样本期刊进行对比分析,以探究期刊评价的新思路。     

科学过程技能的性别差异

本研究运用表现性评价方式评价科学过程技能,结果发现男女学生的总体科学过程技能不存在差异,但除找出变量之外,其他各过程技能均存在差异。最后,针对这种性别差异讨论了相应的教学和评价建议。     

European standards for quality assurance and institutional practices of student assessment in the UK,the Netherlands and the Czech Republic

This article analyses the student assessment procedures of 12 universities in the UK, the Netherlands and the Czech Republic with respect to their alignment with the European standards and guidelines on the quality of assessing higher education students (European Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance [ESG] 1.3). Based on qualitative methodology combining document review with semi-structured interviews, the analysis has yielded three major results. First, the assessment procedures of the UK universities studied indicate the highest alignment with the ESG 1.3 when compared to the Czech institutions, with the Dutch universities occupying the middle ground. Second, a preference for summative assessment to account for pressures of massification can be observed at institutions in all three countries. Third, it is argued that contrary to some (ministerial) expectations, the influence of the ESG on institutions seems to be insignificant, due to unawareness of the ESG 1.3 at all of the UK and Dutch universities analysed and only moderate knowledge of ESG 1.3 in the Czech case. For this reason, there seems to be a need for communicating the ESG to higher education institutions rather than revising the scope of the ESG as envisaged in the 2012 Bologna policy document (Bucharest Communiqué).     

新时期高校档案的服务创新

新形势下高校档案服务社会化全面展开，促使高校档案馆必须树立新的服务理念，创新服务模式，改进服务手段，革新评价体系。本文基于高校档案管理服务创新理念，提出档案服务创新方法，用服务质量评估衡量高校档案服务是否到位，促进高校档案馆合理生存，顺向发展。     

Formative Assessment: A Meta‐Analysis and a Call for Research

An effect size of about .70 (or .40–.70) is often claimed for the efficacy of formative assessment, but is not supported by the existing research base. More than 300 studies that appeared to address the efficacy of formative assessment in grades K‐12 were reviewed. Many of the studies had severely flawed research designs yielding uninterpretable results. Only 13 of the studies provided sufficient information to calculate relevant effect sizes. A total of 42 independent effect sizes were available. The median observed effect size was .25. Using a random effects model, a weighted mean effect size of .20 was calculated. Moderator analyses suggested that formative assessment might be more effective in English language arts (ELA) than in mathematics or science, with estimated effect sizes of .32, .17, and .09, respectively. Two types of implementation of formative assessment, one based on professional development and the other on the use of computer‐based formative systems, appeared to be more effective than other approaches, yielding mean effect size of .30 and .28, respectively. Given the wide use and potential efficacy of good formative assessment practices, the paucity of the current research base is problematic. A call for more high‐quality studies is issued.     

重视学生特性,实现思想政治课教育功能最大化

促进人的个性发展是教育长期追求的重要目标。思想政治课在学校的课程体系中居于首要位置,在提高学生的文化素养、道德修养及促进学生的个性发展等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。而艺术院校的学生在个性及其专业特性上具有明显的特点,因而,在思想政治课教育中,重视和利用教育对象的特殊性并将其与教育活动紧密联系,使教育活动自觉反映并符合学生身心发展的需求、学生的个性发展与教育活动趋向良性互动的状态,实现艺术院校思想政治课教育功能最大化的目标。     

Learning executive function skills by playing focused video games

The objective of the present study was to determine whether it is possible to design a video game that could help students improve their executive function skill of shifting between competing tasks and the conditions under which playing the game would lead to improvements on cognitive tests of shifting. College students played a custom video game, Alien Game, which required the executive function skill of shifting between competing tasks. When students played for 2 h over 4 sessions they developed significantly better performance on cognitive shifting tests compared to a control group that played a different game (d = 0.62), but not when they played for 1 h over 2 sessions. Students who played Alien Game at a high level of challenge (i.e., reaching a high level in the game) developed significantly better performance on cognitive shifting tests compared to controls when they played for 2 h (Experiment 1, d = 1.44), but not when they played for 1 h (Experiment 2). Experiment 3 replicated the results of Experiment 1 using an inactive control group, showing that playing Alien Game for 2 h resulted in significant improvements in shifting skills (d = 0.78). Results show the effectiveness of playing a custom-made game that focuses on a specific executive function skill for sufficient time at an appropriate level of challenge. Results support the specific transfer of general skills theory, in which practice of a cognitive skill in a game context transferred to performance on the same skill in a non-game context.     

VLOOKUP函数在学生体质健康评价中的应用研究

通过对Excel中VLOOKUP函数进行剖析,以学生体质健康评价为例,对VLOOKU函数进行调用实验。研究发现VLOOKUP函数可以有效提高学生体质健康评价的准确性和工作效率。但在应用时务必正确设置函数参数,避免出现批量错误。另外,VLOOKUP函数灵活性较大,应用时人为误差和失误率会加大,专业、人性、智能的学生体质健康评价软件需进一步普及推广。     

逻辑思维在法律文书语言运用中的重要性

＂以事实为根据,以法律为准绳＂是我国司法机关办案的指导原则,用精确的逻辑思维指导法律语言实践是法律文书具有说服力的基础。而逻辑思维以概念、判断、推理为其反映形式,本文拟从这三方面对逻辑思维在法律文书语言运用中的重要性加以分析、探讨。