Length-based vehicle classification in multi-lane traffic flow

For the realtime classification of moving vehicles in the multi-lane traffic video sequences, a length-based method is proposed. To extract the moving regions of interest, the difference image between the updated background and current frame is obtained by using background subtraction, and then an edge-based shadow removal algorithm is implemented. Moreover, a thresholding segmentation method for the region detection of moving vehicle based on location search is developed. At the estimation stage, a registration line is set up in the detection area, then the vehicle length is estimated with the horizontal projection technique as soon as the vehicle leaves the registration line. Lastly, the vehicle is classified according to its length and the classification threshold. The proposed method is different from traditional methods that require complex camera calibrations. It calculates the pixel-based vehicle length by using uncalibrated traffic video sequences at lower computational cost. Furthermore, only one registration line is set up, which has high flexibility. Experimental results of three traffic video sequences show that the classification accuracies for the large and small vehicles are 97.1% and 96.7% respectively, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

焦点理论与梯级模型视野下的“除非”句研究

在语言学史上关于＂除非＂所表的语法意义有五种观点,实际上从形式角度及事件框架角度分析＂除非＂只表示两种语法意义：必备条件和排除条件。根据焦点理论＂除非＂句可分为＂唯一条件句＂和＂非唯一条件句＂,运用梯级模型理论,并根据焦点域中各成员间能否建立梯级模型,＂非唯一条件句＂还可分为＂平行式＂和＂递进式＂。     

《古代汉语虚词词典》“都”字条释义商榷

《古代汉语虚词词典》从用法、意义、举例等几个方面对副词"都"的说明多有疏失,存在描写不全、义项失收、释义杂糅、义例不合、引例偏晚等问题。     

皎然诗歌批评标准和诗歌分类标准的矛盾性和统一性

皎然是中唐著名的诗人和诗论家,他的《诗式》是唐代诗论发展史上的一座丰碑,它不仅总结了唐诗由兴而盛的成功经验,也反映了“安史之乱”后唐诗由盛而衰的过程。在《诗式》中,他提出了“五格论诗”的诗论方法,这“五格论诗”的方法和皎然的文艺思想有着密切的联系,既表现出方法自身的矛盾,也表现出统一于文艺思想的倾向,既显出矛盾性,也显出统一性。本文拟就皎然诗评标准内在的矛盾性和统一性提出看法,以求教于方家。     

Characteristics of electricity consumption of different industry types considering atmospheric condition

Reducing greenhouse gases (RHG) is going on actively in the international movement. In the field of architecture, RHG is an inevitable work. To establish a plan for RHG, firstly we need to reduce energy consumption. Greenhouse gas generated by energy consumption is the main cause of global warming. For this we should know that how much electricity consumption we use. The research targets of this study are commercial buildings with various businesses. Their electricity consumption was analyzed by business units rather than buildings. Each business was divided into 13 sectors according to industrial classification and electricity consumption was analyzed for each industry. For commercial buildings, the electricity consumption is done by the private sector and construction management is an autonomy system in private instead of an integrated management system. In this study, we classified and analyzed the electricity consumption characteristics according to collected data, analyzed the relationship between the electricity consumption with atmospheric temperature through SPSS, and developed an electricity prediction model.     

由简表的变化看《中国图书馆分类法》（第五版）的修订

通过对比《中国图书馆分类法》第四版和第五版简表部分的变化,分析了第五版的修订背景和修订特色。     

基于多模态话语分析理论的网络课程发展研究

网络课程随着数字信息技术和网络技术的发展而发展,基于多模态话语分析理论与功能语言学理论,网络课程发展的理想模式是构建逼真的三维或四维学习情境,刺激学习者的多种感官,让学习者身临其境地参与学习活动,从而顺利地完成意义构建,实现学习目的。“虚拟现实”技术的发展为网络课程理想模式即多模态虚拟课程的出现带来了可能。通过对多模态虚拟课程内涵、分类和特性的阐述,可以对网络课程的发展进行展望和分析。     

核素分布的8×8核素区域

在氘氚结团图中说明了4个8×8核素的分布区,每区包含64核素坐标,其中包括1,2个放射核素.4个区域的中心为（352,4）（35,26）（33,23）（31,16）.区域中的5个放射核素联系有146 62 40Sm84 72与132 58 30Ce76 28处于对称位置,放射核素中的146 62 40Sm84 22与212 84 40Po128 44的坐标S值相同,坐标H倍增联系.     

Learning Acetabular Fracture Classification using a Three-Dimensional Interactive Software: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Acetabular fractures are a real challenge for junior doctors as well as experienced orthopedic surgeons. Correct fracture classification is crucial for appreciating the fracture type, surgical planning, and predicting prognosis. Although three-dimensional (3D) tutorial is believed to improve the understanding of the complex anatomy structure, there have been few applications and randomized controlled trials to confirm it in orthopedics. This study aims to develop a 3D interactive software system for teaching acetabular fracture classification and evaluate its efficacy. Participants were randomly but evenly allocated into either the experimental group (who learned the acetabular fracture classification using a 3D software) or the control group (who used a traditional two-dimensional [2D] tutorial). Both groups were then tasked to classify 10 acetabular fractures and complete a five-point Likert scale on their satisfaction of each learning modality. To calculate significance (P < 0.05), independent t-test was used for normally distributed data whereas Mann-Whitney U test for non-normally distributed data. The experimental group significantly outperformed the control group (t (28) = 2.526, P = 0.017) with identifying correct acetabular fracture classification. Moreover, Likert scale score in the experimental group was also significantly higher than in the control group (Z = 2.477, P = 0.013). This 3D classification software has objectively and subjectively showed an advantage over the traditional 2D tutorial, resulting in an improved classification accuracy and higher Likert scale score. The 3D software has the potential to improve both clinical knowledge as well as identifying correct patient management in orthopedics.     

试析关中方言中的重叠现象

关中方言（以西安话为代表）中存在着大量的重叠现象,但与普通话中的重叠又存在着急一定的差异,在语法功能上也有所不同。