Sports nutritionists’ perspectives on enablers and barriers to nutritional adherence in high performance sport: A qualitative analysis informed by the COM-B model and theoretical domains framework

ABSTRACT

Athlete adherence to nutritional guidance is critical for optimal health and performance, yet little is known about the barriers and enablers to athletes’ dietary behaviours within high-performance sport. To advance understanding, we applied a theoretical lens derived from the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation – Behaviour (COM-B) model and the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to explore the qualitative accounts of sports nutritionists. Five focus groups comprising sports nutritionists working in Olympic and Paralympic sport (n = 14), professional sport (n = 6), or both (n = 6) were undertaken. Thematic analysis was conducted and the interpretations of the findings were guided by COM-B and the TDF. To achieve nutritional adherence, the behavioural analysis identified the need to intervene across all three COM-B components and at least five associated TDF domains (e.g., decision-making processes, reinforcement, social influences, behavioural regulation and environmental context and resource). For the first time, the findings illustrate the complex interplay of the training setting with the capabilities, opportunities, and motivation of the practitioners, athletes and coaches. By applying established behavioural science theories to sports nutrition, the foundations for the development of targeted and multifaceted behavioural interventions addressing athlete dietary adherence in high-performance sport have been laid.     

Activities and Accomplishments in Various Domains: Relationships With Creative Personality and Creative Motivation in Adolescence

This study examined relationships between five personal traits and adolescents’ creative activities and accomplishments in five domains—music, visual arts, creative writing, science, and technology. Participants were 439 tenth graders (220 males and 219 females) in China. The relationships were examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Openness to experience was related to activities in music, visual arts, and creative writing but not to science and technology. Creative self-efficacy was related to all but technology-related activities. Intrinsic motivation was related to visual arts and science creative activities. Conscientiousness and perceived intellectual ability were not associated with creative activities in any domain. Finally, none of the personality or motivational attributes were related to creative activities in the technology domain. Personal traits appear to introduce some variability in the developmental trajectory of potential talents in various domains.     

试论科学知识图谱的文献计量学研究范式

针对目前科学知识图谱研究范式多元化、主流研究范式是基于引文分析理论的文献计量现状,对该研究范式的理论基础、基本研究框架和主要研究策略三个方面进行理论性阐释和思考,以促进国内研究实践中所存在问题的解决。     

红星渡槽大跨度拱肋施工技术探讨

以红星渡槽工程为例,介绍了双曲拱现浇施工的技术特点,可供同类渡槽建设参考。     

Shift-invariance of short-time Fourier transform in fractional Fourier domains

Fractional Fourier domains form a continuum of domains making arbitrary angles with the time or frequency domains on the time-frequency plane. Signal representations in these domains are related to the fractional Fourier transform (FrFT). In this paper, a new proof on the shift-invariance of linear time-frequency distributions on fractional Fourier domains is given. We show that short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is the unique linear distribution satisfying magnitude-wise shift-invariance in the fractional Fourier domains. The magnitude-wise shift-invariance property in arbitrary fractional Fourier domains distinguishes STFT among all linear time-frequency distributions and simplifies the interpretation of the resultant distribution as shown by numerical examples.     

国际力学论文关键词的共现分析

本文运用科学计量学方法对近20万条力学SCI专业期刊论文数据进行统计和分析,得到了前20个高频关键词的共现矩阵。通过对前20个高频关键词的共词分析,利用Jaccard指数考察了前20个高频关键词之间的关系,并用知识图谱的方法映射出固体力学和流体力学研究内容之间的复杂网络关系。     

“HEAD”战略下的上海科技期刊重点发展领域研究

尝试以当前上海优先发展的领域为社会背景,以“HEAD”战略为参照物,以上海科技期刊现有布局体系为出发点,绘制上海科技期刊中长期重点发展领域指南,引导期刊资源向科技重点发展领域倾斜,以建立新的、更趋合理的期刊布局。     

2007-2017年国际科技政策研究热点与前沿——基于科学知识图谱视角

以国际科技政策研究权威期刊Research Policy(《科研政策》)2007-2017年发表的文献为研究对象,借助Vosviewer和Citespace II软件进行知识图谱可视化分析,分别制作了作者合作网络、国家合作网络、文献共被引和关键词共现网络等知识图谱。研究表明：(1)欧美发达国家引领了国际科技政策研究前沿,但国家的发文数量和影响力之间无明显线性比例关系,已有的作者合作网络中,跨国合作态势明显;(2)国际科技政策研究基础主要集中在社会技术创新范式、创新研究、企业开放式创新等六大领域;(3)创新政策是国际科技政策的主旋律,企业开放式创新、研发政策、创新绩效、知识管理、新兴产业政策等政策是国际科技政策的热点领域,同时我国更加关注研发政策;(4)科技政策演进先后经历了四个阶段,从国家创新系统为主导到技术创新与转移(技术转移、校企合作、企业创新)为主导,从产业发展实证研究为主导到研发补贴、需求侧供给侧研究、高校知识价值创造等多元化发展。     

时间线和地形式可视化图谱:科学传播研究前沿演进趋势分析

研究前沿是在一门学科领域中研究者最热衷、最新的研究主题.运用时间线和地形式可视化图谱方法进行研究前沿的确定和描绘,由原来的二维时间线图谱扩展至三维动态地形式图谱,为研究前沿的发展趋势绘制更加清晰可视化并具有动态性的知识图谱.以一份科学传播研究领域的权威期刊<科学传播>(Science Communication)杂志1994～2007年的数据为例,对科学传播的研究前沿进行了可视化地梳理和描述,绘制出时间线和地形式可视化图谱,试图随着时间变化来演示科学传播领域研究前沿的动态变化过程与发展趋势,为技术预测和学科发展提供借鉴.     

Support vector machine for predicting protein interactions using domain scores

Protein-protein interactions play a crucial role in the cellular process such as metabolic pathways and immunological recognition. This paper presents a new domain score-based support vector machine (SVM) to infer protein interactions, which can be used not only to explore all possible domain interactions by the kernel method, but also to reflect the evolutionary conservation of domains in proteins by using the domain scores of proteins. The experimental result on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae dataset demonstrates that this approach can predict protein-protein interactions with higher performances compared to the existing approaches.