Critical moments and second-chance education constructing socially excluded women’s stories of career success

This study narrates the role of education/training in the career success stories of twelve women on an Irish active labour market programme, Community Employment (CE). All from lower socio-economic groups, having early school-leaving backgrounds, and, prior to CE, were long-term unemployed. CE enhances the employability of the long-term unemployed by offering job opportunities and providing education/training. Using narrative inquiry, it understands how the women (re)construct their interpretations of their career success following critical moments of change in their lives. The study narrates the stories on a case-by-case basis according to the category of critical moment that each participant experienced and then views the chronicles via the lens of social class as mediated through the educational structure. It, therefore, specifically recognises the micro-individual and macro-social aspects of a person’s interpretation of his/her career and education/training experiences. To understand the change process inherent in the stories, a theoretical construct, Giddens’ (1991) fateful moment, is operationalised by examining how the critical moments evolve in to fateful moments facilitated by the structural influence of the education/training provided by the expert system of CE. The study concludes by proposing three categories of career success for this sample to take account of their altered career structures.     

文学主体性命题及其理论蕴涵读解

文学主体论是刘再复80年代文学思想的总体归宿。文学中的主体性原则要求在文学活动中恢复人的主体地位,以人为中心,为目的。从主体性哲学基点出发,主体论倡导者认为文学活动是一种自由精神的存在方式。必须注意到的是,刘再复的主体性学术思想存在着严重的理论缺陷。文学主体性命题的根本蕴涵在于对个体主体性的确证和伸张;同时,它也指向对文学自主性的诉求。这具有一定的历史价值和意义。     

走向自我之后:中国当代女性诗歌中的自我书写及其发展境遇

真正张扬性别意识的中国当代女性诗歌从20世纪80年代中期开始浮出地表,其最鲜明和为人瞩目之处在于对女性自我的书写。这表现在身体写作、欲望叙事和对自我／女人在自然、时间及两性关系中的认知和定位以及由此带来的种种困惑和追问。当代女性诗歌在自我书写带来的正负两面的影响下陷入两难的发展境遇,并进行着艰难的突围。     

基于现代系统论视角剖析武术整体观

武术深受传统文化整体思维影响,表现为＂天人合一＂、＂内外兼修＂以及＂形神合一＂的整体观。尝试运用现代系统论分析传统武术整体观,认为武术整体观具有现代系统论的整体涌现性、结构关联方式、层次理论、系统和环境一体性等特点,具备一定合理性。然而,武术整体观脱胎于中国古代哲学,还存在着认知水平以及认知方法的局限性,需要借助于现代科学加以矫正和完善。     

（H-η）-增生算子在一类集值拟变分包含中的应用

在Banach空间中引进一类H-增生算子,并给出了一类新的（H-η）-增生算子的概念,及相关的预解式算子R^H,ηM,λ,利用新的预解式算子技巧得出一系列广义集值拟变分包含问题的逼近解。     

How can ICT contribute to the learning of foreign languages by pupils with SEN?

In this article Lynne Meiring and Nigel Norman focus on the notion of entitlement and the demands this has made on schools and teachers to cater for the needs of a wide range of pupils previously denied an experience of foreign languages. In order to enable all pupils to realise their potential, facilities and strategies have to be reviewed and developed to ensure that their learning experience is appropriate. This article focuses on the contribution that one such facility, namely information and communications technology (ICT), can make towards removing some of the barriers to learning experienced by some pupils, enabling them to realise some of the benefits of what has often been perceived as a particularly inaccessible curricular area. The authors examine how the generic capability of ICT can enhance and enable the learning of pupils with special educational needs (SEN), but do not purport to consider specifically the specialised technology required for certain manifestations of special need.     

Provision for students with learning difficulties in general colleges of further education – have we been going round in circles?

In this article, Anne-Marie Wright, lecturer at the University of Chester, considers the current situation for students with severe learn i n g difficulties in general colleges of further education. She presents findings from a critical review of the literature and a small-scale preliminary investigation which set out to explore the idea that, despite radical changes to the special school sector and to the structure and organisation of further education, provision in colleges of further education for these students is poorly focused. Students with severe learning difficulties experience provision that is, at best, circuitous and repetitive and that, at worst, leads individuals back into dependence, unemployment and social segregation. Using the outcomes of her own interviews and the scrutiny of inspection reports, Anne-Marie Wright provides a searching critique of current practice and an interesting set of recommendations for ways in which the situation could be radically reviewed and improved.     

Foreign language learning and inclusion: Who? Why? What?— and How?

The presumption of mainstream schooling and the removal of core status for foreign language learning at Key Stage 4 are presenting new challenges to our ideal of foreign language learning for all. In the current climate, the case for including children with special educational needs in foreign language classes has to be made with greater clarity than ever. In this article Hilary McColl considers what foreign language learning is really for and how we can justify its inclusion in the curriculum of all our young people. She suggests that for all learners, whatever their ability, foreign language learning only makes sense if it is set within the context of the communities that use the language, and that for some learners these twin concepts of ‘communication’ and ‘community’ can only be understood if we make explicit links between what is distant‐and‐strange and what is close‐and‐familiar. She asks whether the courses we currently offer can achieve the outcomes we say we desire, and suggests what steps we need to take to make them more fit for purpose.