Mathematical Flexibility: Aspects of a Continuum and the Role of Prior Knowledge

Abstract

Psychologists and mathematics educators have long viewed flexibility as critical to students’ mathematical development. In this paper, we focused on the multidimensional nature of flexibility to better understand how preference, knowledge, and use of effective methods for solving algebra problems are related. In Study 1, we identified research-based aspects of flexibility with algebra and assessed students on them following a two-step equations unit. Results indicated that certain aspects of flexibility develop prior to others and that prior knowledge of algebra plays a significant role in that development. Study 2 confirmed and elaborated on these results using a larger sample size. Implications for theory and for supporting flexibility in classrooms are discussed.     

基于包过滤的Windows 2000/XP个人防火墙的设计与实现

研究了在Windows 2000/XP操作系统下拦截网络数据包的各种技术,采用Winsock2 SPI与NDIS HOOK相结合的过滤技术,设计和实现了一个个人防火墙。     

实施创新教育的基本途径

创新是一个民族不断进步的灵魂，创新教育是世界各务教育改革和发展的共同趋势。本文运用“引导－－发现式”教学模式和教学方法进行教学，采用多种措施，发展学生的创造思维和创造个性，以培养具有创新能力的新型人才。     

Digital archives in the cloud: Collective memory,institutional histories and the politics of information

The archive is a cultural institution that creates a framework for the social and collective memory and as such is one of the collection of knowledge institutions that not only preserves and classifies “texts” but uses them to re-create collective memory and sometimes to invent cultural histories. Like all knowledge institutions, the archive is also a construction deeply implicated in knowledge politics or what Foucault calls power/knowledge. In the past the archive has functioned as a central metaphor for the construction of human knowledge in all it is different institutional forms and like the encyclopedia and the camera, the archive produces highly coded representations that make implicit validity claims to the truth and justice of the past. Politically speaking, those who control the archive control the past. In the digital world, the archive is used to describe a machine-readable location as a store for “data” and “information.” Digital technologies radically alter our existing institutions, making access to their embedded knowledge widely available and enable learning and research anytime, anywhere. Data analytics algorithmically can manipulate electorates and entire democracies in new ways, while destabilising the free press. This article asks what digitizing an archive means for collective memory, for the history of institutions and for politics in the Cloud.     

论中国元典文化的再生性与持续性

中国元典文化作为人类优秀的文化硕果曾创造了东方文化奇观 ,元典并孕育了汉民族的精神文明 ,元典文化作为历史文化已在中华历史进程中发挥过神奇的作用。这种文化元典极具历史超越性与时代再生性和“守本开新”、超越跨越的精神气质 ,是中国传统文化承传转换、不断发展、弘扬光大的内在基因。     

汉语个体量词的产生及其原因探讨

从历时的角度考察了汉语个体量词产生、发展和成熟时期的情况,和汉语个体量词产生的动因。认为汉语个体量词的产生是汉语范畴化和汉语类型特点制约的结果,同时反映了汉民族的认知视点。     

融合传统的另类风景--论艾米莉·狄金森诗艺的创新

美国女诗人艾米莉·狄金森生前默默无闻,死后却被奉为现代主义先驱.本文从其诗歌形式、语言运用以及诗歌技巧等几个方面,阐述她融合传统进行创新,从而走向现代主义的创作手法.     

体育教学要重视发展大学生的个性化教育

21世纪我国学校体育教育应当是以人为本的教育 ,是主体性、发展性教育。体育教学应重视学生个性的发展 ,以求适应学生走向社会及终身参与体育活动的需要。     

大学英语基础阶段教学探索

针对高等学校一年级新生的特点,在教学过程中给学生打好扎实的语言基本功,注重听、说、读、写、译各项语言技能的全面发展,突出语言应用能力、创新能力的培养。     

"寒夜"中的"家"--论巴金小说的文化超越性

本文重在阐述巴金在自己两大小说创作高峰时期－“激流时期”和“寒夜时期”文化思考视角的转变，展示了“寒夜时期”的巴金对现代社会的物质构成、权力话语意识，知识者的人格构成以及生命本体的深刻思考，表现了巴金 对中国现代文化建构的独特贡献和巴金小说特有的文化超越性，同时也从一个侧面探讨了20世纪中国文化变革的问题。