典型农牧交错区农业生态系统健康测度及其持续利用对策

生态系统健康作为全球管理的新目标,作为分析生态系统的新方法而受到青睐,是现代生态学的研究热点之一。本文根据生态系统健康的内涵和农牧交错带农业生态系统的特点,从活力、组织结构和恢复力3个方面选取18个指标,构建了农牧交错带农业生态系统健康的评价指标体系。在此基础上建立综合评价模型,应用于赤峰12个旗（区、县）,得到如下结果：农业生态系统健康状况处在“健康”标准是红山区和巴林右旗;处在“临界健康”标准是克什克腾旗、元宝山区、敖汉旗、松山区;处在“不健康”标准是宁城县、林西县、巴林左旗、喀喇沁旗、阿鲁克尔沁旗、翁牛特旗。评价结果基本上反映了当地农业生态系统的健康状况,说明建立的评价指标体系与模型是可行的。最后提出了农牧交错带农业生态系统持续利用的对策。     

浅谈《电路基础》课程改革

本文根据邢台职业技术学院电气自动化专业的实际情况,讨论了专业基础课《电路基础》课程改革的过程,从符合学生学习能力、满足专业课程学习需要出发,确定《电路基础》课程的学习目标,选择学习内容,转变教学方法,改革考核方式。并在实际教学过程中根据学生实际情况不断调整、完善课程的改革,最终使课程讲授更适合目前的学生接受。     

The Perfect Marriage? – Language and Art Criticism in the Hong Kong Public Examination Context

Art education in Hong Kong has undergone various changes in response to educational reform. In art assessment, a major change in the Hong Kong New Senior Secondary (NSS) Curriculum is the inclusion of art criticism as a compulsory component of the new public examination. Assessing students’ abilities to interpret art in an art criticism public examination context is a critical issue in Hong Kong because the new senior secondary curriculum and assessment has brought attention to the role of written language in the art examination paper. This means the examination assesses not only students’ abilities to interpret art, but also their language abilities required to respond to art in written form. Since this new mode of assessment of art criticism has been published a number of issues have appeared. Recent studies show that teachers and students perceive this development negatively and they believe that the written format will assess students’ written language abilities rather than their critical abilities. These findings challenge the justification of the new art assessment policy and raise questions about the role of written language in responding to art. This article aims to raise the issue of the marriage between language and art criticism in the Hong Kong public examination context. It argues and examines the relationship of language to art interpretation, reasoning in the assessment, and issues in the public art criticism examination context. The issues addressed in this article provide opportunities for researchers and policy makers to reconsider and refine the new form of examination.     

内蒙古自然灾害综合分区与评价

以 2 0 0 0年TM影像为基础获取的土地利用现状数据为依据 ,结合近 4 0a的气象资料 ,选择干旱、沙漠化、水土流失、白灾、盐渍化、霜冻等指标 ,应用层次分析法 ,对内蒙古自治区自然灾害进行综合分区与评价研究。进一步根据评价结果划分了极重灾害区、重灾害区、中灾害区、轻灾害区、微灾害区等 5个灾害等级区域 ,并结合不同区域的自然环境与社会经济状况进行了自然灾害的综合分析与评价     

我国耕地估价研究思路的整合利用对策

铜川是我国西部地区典型的矿业型城市，历经半个多世纪的煤炭资源开发，如今正面临着资源短缺、环境严重污染和经济效益低下等问题。产业结构调整，培植新的经济增长点已经成为当前重要的任务。该文在分析产业结构现状的特点与存在问题的基础上，对造成本市目前产业发展困境的耕地；耕地估价；     

高等教育投资后评估的模糊综合方法

由于高等教育投资效益具有间接性、滞后性、长期性和难以量化计算等特点而一直难以给予有效的评估。对此构建了一套高等教育投资后评估指标体系，提出一种高等教育投资后评估的模糊综合方法，利用层次分析法建立起指标体系的递阶层次关系和相对权重顺序，并通过模糊评价方法综合考虑影响高等教育投资的各种复杂因素，用实例表明所提方法可行、有效。     

Formative Assessment: A Meta‐Analysis and a Call for Research

An effect size of about .70 (or .40–.70) is often claimed for the efficacy of formative assessment, but is not supported by the existing research base. More than 300 studies that appeared to address the efficacy of formative assessment in grades K‐12 were reviewed. Many of the studies had severely flawed research designs yielding uninterpretable results. Only 13 of the studies provided sufficient information to calculate relevant effect sizes. A total of 42 independent effect sizes were available. The median observed effect size was .25. Using a random effects model, a weighted mean effect size of .20 was calculated. Moderator analyses suggested that formative assessment might be more effective in English language arts (ELA) than in mathematics or science, with estimated effect sizes of .32, .17, and .09, respectively. Two types of implementation of formative assessment, one based on professional development and the other on the use of computer‐based formative systems, appeared to be more effective than other approaches, yielding mean effect size of .30 and .28, respectively. Given the wide use and potential efficacy of good formative assessment practices, the paucity of the current research base is problematic. A call for more high‐quality studies is issued.     

教学改革中的英语教学策略与形成性评估

教学和目标是一体的,什么样的衡量标准要求什么样的决策.本文以教学改革体制强调教学要“以人为本”的原则为出发点,从教学策略制定的原则--以问题为中心和注重学生体验两方面论述了教学策略影响形成性评估的开展和执行.同时,又从形成性评估的几个方面（宗旨、内容、标准、方法、主体及重心）的基础上,从形成性评估较之终结性评估的优越性和课程改革中形成性评估体制下教学策略的落实情况两方面论证了它对教学策略制定的制约.     

我国高等教育政府评估的困境与对策分析

计划经济时代的政府评估已不适应我国高等教育发展的需要,在市场经济条件下,为了促进高等教育的发展,必须采取措施完成从政府评估到中介组织评估的转变。     

Advantages and Limitations of Open Source Software for Library Management System Functions: The Experience of Libraries in India

The explosion of availability of information on the Internet requires that libraries evolve into value-added information providers, rather than mere curators of collections. Modern libraries need to stay relevant to a diverse, technologically savvy patron base and to facilitate and add value to the research community, while facing significant resource constraints. To face these challenges, libraries need to embrace digital technologies and library management systems (LMS) in order to work smart and achieve more with less. While LMS systems have been around for decades, libraries can explore the new frontier by embracing open source solutions, like open source software (OSS) library systems, which are free to acquire. They need to collaborate with computer experts and become technologically savvy to harness the full power of OSS solutions to meet the specific needs of the library and patron base. This article provides an overview of the availability, benefits, and drawbacks of various LMS systems and OSS variants, drawing from experiences in the present Indian context.