Comparison of the force-, velocity-, and power-time curves recorded with a force plate and a linear velocity transducer

This study aimed to correlate, compare, and determine the reliability of force, velocity, and power values collected with a force plate (FP) and a linear transducer during loaded jumps. Twenty-three swimmers performed an incremental loading test at 25, 50, 75, and 100% of their own body weight on a FP. A linear velocity transducer (LVT) was attached to the bar to assess the peak and the mean values of force, velocity, and power. Both the peak variables (r = 0.94 – 0.99 for peak force, r = 0.83 – 0.91 for peak velocity, and r = 0.90–0.94 for peak power; p < 0.001) and the mean variables (r = 0.96–0.99 for mean force, r = 0.87–0.89 for mean velocity, and r = 0.93–0.96 for mean power; p < 0.001) were strongly correlated between both measurement tools. Differences in the shape of the force-, velocity-, and power-time curves were observed. The LVT data showed a steeper increase in these variables at the beginning of the movement, while the FP recorded larger values in the latter part. Peak values were more reliable than mean values. These results suggest that the LVT is a valid tool for the assessment of loaded squat jump.     

Task-specific kinetic finger tremor affects the performance of carrom players

We aimed to determine the effect of task-specific kinetic finger tremor, as indexed by surface electromyography (EMG), on the accuracy of a carrom stroke. Surface EMG of extensor digitorum communis muscle of the playing arm was recorded during rest, isometric contraction and stroke execution in 17 male carrom players with clinically observed finger tremor and 18 skill- and age-matched controls. Log-transformed power spectral densities (LogPSDs) of surface EMG activity (signifying tremor severity) at a 1-s pre-execution period correlated with angular error of the stroke. LogPSDs in 4–10 Hz range were higher in players with tremor than controls during pre-execution (P < 0.001), but not during the resting state (P = 0.067). Pre-execution tremor amplitude correlated with angular deviation (r = 0.45, P = 0.007). For the first time, we document a task-specific kinetic finger tremor in carrom players. This finger tremor during the immediate pre-execution phase appears to be a significant determinant of stroke accuracy.     

运动训练领域中的运动负荷研究

对运动训练理论中的运动负荷进行了分析.运动员训练的成败在于合理、科学安排运动负荷,研究旨在完善运动训练理论,为广大体育工作者提供参考.     

Serum thyroglobulin antibody levels within or near to the reference range may interfere with thyroglobulin measurement

High concentration of thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) is a major limiting factor of thyroglobulin measurements in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. We investigated whether thyroglobulin antibody added to serum samples could interfere with the thyroglobulin assay. Thyroglobulin levels in serum samples with different concentrations of thyroglobulin were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay before and after the addition of increasing concentrations of thyroglobulin antibody using the secondary calibrator solution of the thyroglobulin assay kit containing sheep thyroglobulin antibody to reach thyroglobulin antibody levels within or near to the reference range. Thyroglobulin and thyroglobulin antibody concentrations were also measured in 134 serum samples from 27 patients after thyroid ablation. There was a strong negative association (slope = −1.179) between thyroglobulin antibody and thyroglobulin concentrations in samples with added thyroglobulin antibody (beta = −0.86; P < 0.001). Changes in thyroglobulin concentrations were described mathematically as loss of thyroglobulin% = −0.2408 × Ln(thyroglobulin antibody IU/ml) + 0.1944. Thyroglobulin concentrations were significantly lower than those calculated from experiments with added thyroglobulin antibody in 26/134 samples from patients after thyroid ablation. We conclude that if the same TgAb interference exists in the presence of naturally occurring human TgAb, our observation may prove to be useful during follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. However, further studies are needed to explore the clinical relevance of thyroglobulin antibody levels within or near to the reference range in monitoring these patients.     

Underestimation of Impaired Kidney Function with Serum Creatinine

Serum creatinine (SCr) levels are frequently used as a screening test to assess impaired renal function; however, patients can have significantly decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with normal SCr values and making the recognition of kidney dysfunction more difficult. Hence, this study was designed to determine the extent of misclassification of the patients who have significantly reduced GFR as calculated by reexpressed four variable modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equation but, normal range of SCr. The study included 1040 in and out patients referred by physicians for serum creatinine measurement. When an exclusion criterion was applied 928 patients were qualified for the study. SCr was measured in 928 patients by a Roche kinetic compensated Jaffe’s assay. GFR was calculated using reexpressed four variable MDRD study equation. Of the 928 patients 270 (29.1%) had renal dysfunction on the basis of eGFR (<60 ml/min/1.73 m²). However, with SCr only 162 (17.5%) patients had abnormal renal function (>1.5 mg/dl) and SCr values misrepresented (108) 11.6% patients with impaired kidney function. In addition, more females, about 15% were failed to detect by SCr method in contrast to males of 9%. This study documented that, a large proportion of patients with impaired renal function are not diagnosed if clinicians rely solely on normal SCr as evidence of normal renal function. Inclusion of eGFR calculated by re-expressed 4 variable MDRD equation may facilitates the early identification and intervention of patients with renal impairment.     

我国男子铅球优秀运动员背向滑步最后用力时躯干动作的运动学分析

用影像分析等方法对2名男子铅球优秀运动员背向滑步推铅球最后用力过程中躯干转动的动作结构、速度变化等特征进行研究.结果表明,在最后用力阶段,运动员右髋合速度总体趋势上升,达到峰值速度后迅速下降,肩、髋轴的转动幅度在此阶段要远远大于过渡阶段,同时.肩、髋轴的转动速度都迅速增加,肩轴转动速度明显大于髋轴的转动速度,但髋轴先于肩轴达到峰值速度;躯干动作是一种在前振同时进行有序转动的复合运动,右肩的合速度在t1～t2阶段呈下降趋势;人体重心速度的变化在过渡阶段受OY方向的速度影响较大,而受OZ方向的速度影响不大;至最后用力阶段,OY方向身体重心速度迅速下降,OZ方向的身体重心速度急剧上升,而OX方向的人体重心速度对人体重心合速度影响最小.     

荧光法测定脑组织单胺类递质和有关技术问题及其在运动医学中的应用

单胺类递质在大脑许多功能的控制调节中起重要作用,测定不同状态下脑内单胺类递质可了解这类递质在不同状态下脑内的合成、释放和转化,是探索运动性中枢疲劳和有关药物作用机制的重要手段。荧光测定法因其特异性高、操作简单、费用较低等特点,具有广阔的应用前景。但实验中许多值得注意的技术问题和环节影响测定的结果,通过查阅有关文献并结合实验中的影响因素,对其测定的原理、方法和值得注意的有关技术问题及其在医学和生物学中的应用进行梳理和归纳,旨在为应用领域和实验方法学提供理论指导和技术支持。     

体育技术化人文困境的审思

讨论了体育技术化发展使运动损伤加剧的事实,论述了体育技术化对人文关怀忽视的现实;分析了体育技术化人文困境的根源,指出体育发展的功利性,体育对预设的理论规定的僭越以及体育的技术解构与重构而导致的体育伦理价值的颠覆是造成困境的三大主要原因。在此基础上,提出了重塑体育伦理价值理念及实现的行为规范,以及重新确立体育伦理价值评估体系来消解体育技术化人文困境的设想。     

实时BIA技术对蛋白A与免疫球蛋白G相互作用的研究

应用实时BIA技术,探讨了蛋白A与小鼠免疫球蛋白G (MIgG)之间的相互作用,求出相互作用的动力学速率常数ka=5.07×10⁴ (mol/L)^-1s^-1,kd=9.65×10^-5(s^-1),结合常数KA=5.25×10⁸(mol/L)^-1.同时使用蛋白A固定的传感片用于MIgG浓度的检测,在 0.64～ 12mg/L浓度区间内,MIgG的响应值与其浓度有非常好的线性关系.