浅析安徽女子手球运动员膝关节伤病的特色诊疗效验

采用文献资料法和统计分析法,对安徽女子手球队全体队员的膝关节伤病进行完整的医学分析,着重研究剖析了4大类常见膝关节伤病的病因及临床表现,总结了一套独具特色的诊疗、康复理论体系,为运动医学中膝关节伤病的诊治提供相关经验及意见。     

小学生膝关节伸肌最大等速肌力自然发育的年龄和性别特征研究

采用测试方法,研究7～12岁阶段240名小学生膝关节伸肌最大等速肌力自然发育的年龄和性别特征.研究发现1)膝关节伸肌最大等速肌力的自然发育随年龄增加而增长,年增长率为13.2 Nm;2)膝关节伸肌最大等速肌力的自然发育无明显性别差异;3)大腿围度的增长速度明显小于最大等速肌力,二者之间呈中度相关.     

The effect of limb dominance on lower limb functional performance – a systematic review

Lower limb dominance (or lateral preference) could potentially effect functional performance. Clinicians are often asked to make judgements as to when a patient has sufficiently “recovered” from an injury, typically using strength and dynamic performance outcome measures. The primary purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature in relation to limb dominance within active adult populations and discuss some limitations to current methods and relate this to current clinical practice. A search of MEDLINE and CINAHL and EMBASE databases and reference lists of those articles identified was performed. Eleven articles were selected for meta-analysis. There was no statistical effect of limb dominance for any of the functional tests: isokinetic quadriceps and hamstring tests, hamstring:quadriceps ratios, single-leg hop for distance, single-leg vertical jump and vertical ground reaction force following a single-leg vertical jump. Pooled symmetry values varied from 94.6% to 99.6% across the tests, above the clinically accepted benchmark of 90% used in clinical practice. Although the results of this study must be used with discretion, asymmetries in the tasks described in this analysis should be viewed as undesirable and remedied accordingly. Further research is needed to quantify asymmetries, particularly in relation to sport-specific contexts.     

Efficacy of massage on muscle soreness,perceived recovery,physiological restoration and physical performance in male bodybuilders

It is believed that sport massage after intensive exercise might improve power and perceptual recovery in athletes. However, few studies have been done in this area. This study aimed to examine the effect of massage on the performance of bodybuilders. Thirty experienced male bodybuilders were randomly assigned to either a massage group (n = 15) or a control group (n = 15). Both groups performed five repetition sets at 75–77% of 1RM of knee extensor and flexor muscle groups. The massage group then received a 30-min massage after the exercise protocol while the control group maintained their normal passive recovery. Criteria under investigation included: plasma creatine kinase (CK) level, agility test, vertical jump test, isometric torque test, and perception of soreness. All variables were measured over 6 time periods: baseline, immediately after the DOMS inducing protocol, right after the massage, and 24, 48, and 72 h after the massage. Both groups showed significant (P < .001) decreases in jumping, agility performance, and isometric torque, but significant (P < .001) increases in CK and muscle soreness levels. The massage group in general demonstrated a better recovery rate. As such, a post-exercise massage session can improve the exercise performance and recovery rate in male bodybuilders after intensive exercise.     

太极拳运动中膝关节损伤机制和预防

膝关节损伤在太极拳运动中较常发生，它的损伤与太极拳运动的动作姿势、技术动作、下肢肌肉的收缩力和韧带的牵拉力等因素有密切关系。研究太极拳运动中膝关节损伤的原因，是为了更好而有效地达到预防膝关节损伤的目的，也为改进教学、训练的方式方法提供依据。     

体操运动员前臂运动特征及其发展特点的研究

采用直观半圆仪,对我国441名体操运动员和563名青少年儿童的前臂屈伸复制运动误差值作了测定和比较分析等研究,结果发现,就这个非专业性的和极为普通的动作——前臂屈伸运动的准确性来讲,在运动等级不同的体操运动员之间以及体操运动员与同年龄的普通人之间,都存在明显的差别。而且,这种运动准确性较高者,学习基本体操动作的成效优于准确性较低者。这种运动的准确性在7～11岁期间提高最快,12～22岁时呈波浪式的发展状态;在体操运动训练的作用下,这种运动的准确性,在9～13岁加速提高,而且,随后的波浪式变化明显减小。     

对巩立姣伦敦奥运会最好成绩的 推铅球滑步技术的运动学分析

采用Dartfish解析法,选取角度、高度、距离等指标,对巩立姣在2012年伦敦奥运会上最好成绩2022 m的推铅球滑步技术进行运动学分析,并与新西兰选手ADAMS Valerie进行比较,指出：巩立姣在团身动作阶段,右腿屈膝程度小,呈现躯干下潜、臀高肩低的姿态;在背向滑步右脚离地瞬间,左腿摆动过高,重心向投掷方向移动不充分、躯干起伏较大;在右脚着地瞬间,滑步距离较短、左侧肢体的回扣松散,超越器械幅度小;在左脚着地瞬间,左脚落于投掷中线上,两脚间左右距离过小、前后距离过大,超越器械不充分。针对以上问题,提出改善建议,为其今后技术训练和水平提升提供参考。     

跆拳道后旋踢技术动作的运动学特征分析

采用三维高速摄像技术和运动生物力学原理,对后旋踢技术身体重心移动、动作所用时间、踝关节角度、膝关节角度和髋关节角度的运动学特征进行比较分析,得出结论:踢击腿在离地瞬间身体重心要快速向回旋方向移动;踢击腿膝关节最大程度弯曲,以缩短动作时间、加快踢击速度;踢击腿髋关节只有最大程度地弯曲,弯曲的膝关节才能快速展开;踢击腿的髋关节最大程度弯曲再打开时,踝关节能快速鞭打;支撑腿弯曲后在踢击腿踢出的瞬间,髋关节开始伸展,将对打击高度产生影响;踢击腿膝关节和髋关节最大程度弯曲时能增加击打力度.     

应用大挠度薄板功的互等定理求解四边固定矩形板的挠曲方程

应用大挠度弯曲薄板的第二类功的互等定理,求解均载四边固定大挠度弯曲矩形板的挠曲面方程。     

不同等级散打运动员肘、膝关节肌群等速测试肌力特征研究

结合训练实践,运用ISOMED2000等速测试仪对我国男子散打主力队员膝、肘关节屈伸肌群肌力特征进行测试与分析。结论:不同等级散打运动员肘关节屈伸肌群等速向心、离心收缩、膝关节伸肌群等速离心收缩相对峰力矩值在60°/s、180°/s时具有显著性差异(P<0.05);膝关节屈伸肌群等速向心收缩、屈肌群离心收缩相对峰力矩值在各角速度下具有显著性差异(P<0.05);不同等级散打运动员肘、膝关节屈伸肌群等速向心收缩在300°/s、离心收缩在240°/s时达到力矩梯度最大值,且差异显著。说明基础力量、中快速力量及快速动作爆发力能较好地反映专项运动水平,相对峰力矩、力矩梯度数值越大,专项水平越高。